RESUMEN
The influence of a vaccine based on the MB-7 strain of hepatitis A virus (VP-MB-7) designed at the "Vector" Center of Virology and Biotechnology was studied. VP-MB-7 was found to provoke no allergic response and to have an activating effect on the specific and non-specific responses of cell and humoral immunity similar to those evoked by hepatitis A vaccine "Hep-A-in Vac".
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos de Hepatitis A/biosíntesis , Vacunas contra la Hepatitis A/administración & dosificación , Vacunas contra la Hepatitis A/inmunología , Virus de la Hepatitis A Humana/inmunología , Hepatitis A/prevención & control , Vacunación , Animales , Recuento de Células , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Cobayas , Hepatitis A/sangre , Inmunidad Celular , Recuento de Linfocitos , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Bazo/inmunología , Subgrupos de Linfocitos T/inmunología , Linfocitos T Colaboradores-Inductores/inmunologíaRESUMEN
A study was undertaken to prove that a vaccine drug based on the fast-growing MB-7 (MB-7 VD) of hepatitis A virus (HAV) is safe. It was established that MB-7 VD, when once injected to white outbred mice and when 4 times injected to Hartley guineas pigs, did not cause any hematological and biochemical changes in the peripheral blood or in the condition of the central nervous system of experimental animals, which shows that MB-7 VD is free of any toxic properties.
Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra la Hepatitis A/administración & dosificación , Hepatitis A/prevención & control , Vacunación , Animales , Recuento de Células Sanguíneas , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Eritrocitos/inmunología , Cobayas , Hemoglobinas/análisis , Hepatitis A/sangre , Hepatitis A/inmunología , Vacunas contra la Hepatitis A/inmunología , Linfocitos/inmunología , RatonesRESUMEN
New monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to adenovirus hexon, highly active in ELISA and immunofluorescent analysis, were prepared. According to competitive ELISA, new MAbs differed in their blocking activity and were directed to 2 different hexon epitopes. MAb 3H8 did not modify antigen binding of the rest MAbs labeled with peroxidase (PAb x Pox), and none of unlabeled MAbs suppressed the reaction of MAb x Pox 3H8. MAbs 1E8 7F1, 1E11, and 3B1 reacted with each other but differed by the spectrum and level of competitive inhibition, which indicated that they were directed to different epitopes of adenovirus hexon. Comparison of the specific activity of MAbs 7F1 and 1E8 in direct immunofluorescent detection of adenovirus antigens in infected cell cultures and clinical materials from patients showed a good coincidence (90-97%) of the results with the IMAGEN Adenovirus test (Dako) and with polyclonal FITC conjugates to adenovirus hexon.
Asunto(s)
Adenoviridae/inmunología , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/inmunología , Anticuerpos Antivirales/inmunología , Animales , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/aislamiento & purificación , Especificidad de Anticuerpos , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente , Humanos , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , RatonesRESUMEN
Commercial inactivated culture polyvaccine against herpes simplex viruses (types 1 and 2) developed at D. I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology promoted cessation of viremia. During the first vaccination viremia coincided with appearance of a focal allergic test on the retina, which is proposed for the diagnosis of herpetic involvement of the posterior compartment of the eye. T-cellular immunity normalized after a course of vaccination. Experimental immunization of rats and vaccination of patients with chronic ophthalmic and genital herpes demonstrated the therapeutic activity of inactivated herpetic polyvaccine in suppositoria.
Asunto(s)
Herpes Genital/terapia , Queratitis Herpética/terapia , Vacunas Virales/uso terapéutico , Animales , Herpes Genital/sangre , Herpes Genital/inmunología , Humanos , Queratitis Herpética/sangre , Queratitis Herpética/inmunología , Ratas , Linfocitos T/inmunología , ViremiaRESUMEN
This paper sums up the results of controlled field clinical trials of adult and childhood variants of Harvix, inactivated vaccine from hepatitis A. The vaccine is weakly reactogenic and safe. After a single injection of Harvix-1440 vaccine to adults the percentage of seroconversions in previously seronegative individuals was 80.6%, with the mean geometrical antibody titer 119 mIU/ml. In children aged 3-10 years the percentage of seroconversions after a single injection of Harvix-720 vaccine was 100%, the mean geometrical of antibody titer being 427 mIU/ml. Results of laboratory control and field clinical trials recommend both variants of Harvix vaccine for prevention of hepatitis A in the Russian Federation.
Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra la Hepatitis A/efectos adversos , Vacunas contra la Hepatitis A/inmunología , Hepatitis A/prevención & control , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/efectos adversos , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/inmunología , Niño , Preescolar , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados como Asunto , Anticuerpos Antihepatitis/sangre , Hepatovirus/inmunología , Humanos , PlacebosRESUMEN
Russian cultural concentrated inactivated vaccine protecting from hepatitis A--Hep-A-in-vac was used for immunization of children. The vaccine is slightly reactogenic and completely safe in children aged 3-17 years vaccinated twice in a dose of 0.25 ml. Double immunization of seronegative children with a 1-month interval led to conversion in 89.7% children. In 64.1% children titers of antibodies to hepatitis A virus reached 20 mIU/ml and higher, which indicates rather high antigenic activity of the vaccine.
Asunto(s)
Hepatitis A/prevención & control , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/inmunología , Vacunas contra Hepatitis Viral/inmunología , Adolescente , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Niño , Preescolar , Vacunas contra la Hepatitis A , Humanos , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/administración & dosificación , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/uso terapéutico , Vacunas contra Hepatitis Viral/administración & dosificación , Vacunas contra Hepatitis Viral/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Central retinal vein occlusion is one of the most frequently encountered vascular affections of the retina. In spite of this its management is still a matter of debate. Histopathological findings have prompted us to conduct a study in patients presenting with central retinal vein occlusion (n = 63). Exposure to plasmapheresis as treatment of the above condition (1 to 3 sessions) resulted in a significant retardation of erythrocyte aggregation, decrease in fibrinogen concentration, and in the hematocrit value, and a prolongation of activated thromboplastin time. The results obtained suggest that plasmapheresis can be recommended for use in the treatment of central retinal vein occlusion.
Asunto(s)
Viscosidad Sanguínea , Plasmaféresis , Oclusión de la Vena Retiniana/sangre , Oclusión de la Vena Retiniana/terapia , Agregación Eritrocitaria , Fibrinógeno/análisis , Hematócrito , Humanos , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Persona de Mediana Edad , Isquemia Miocárdica/complicacionesRESUMEN
A universal mathematical approach (algorithm) to assessment of the efficacy of new preparations for the diagnosis of rotavirus infection, analysis and processing of the results involves assessment of the detection rate of infection, specificity of preparations, probability of positive and negative diagnoses, total index of coincidence of results of diagnosis with the reference method, and chi 2 and phi2 coefficients indicating the reliability of relation to the reference method and the strength of this relation. Diatest software is proposed for accelerating statistical processing of the results. Use of the algorithm and software permits assessing the efficacy of diagnostic agents for rotavirus and other infections.
Asunto(s)
Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Infecciones por Rotavirus/diagnóstico , Algoritmos , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Humanos , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Programas InformáticosRESUMEN
In the past 5 years, the investigators of the "VECTOR" SRB VB and the L.A. Tarasevich State Institute of Standardization and Control of Medical Biological Preparations have jointly designed sera reference panels containing anti-HIV-1 IgG, anti-HCV IgG, and anti-HAV IgM which have been approved as national standard panels. The panels are intended for use in controlling the specificity and stability of the most widely used ELISA diagnostic kits and immunoblot test systems during production, control, and application stages. Some problems of development and production of these panels, including the representation of different sera in the panels and the selection of specific IgG concentrations in the different sera in the panel are described. The authors also attract attention to the stabilization of the specific characteristics of panel sera during storage and transportation.
Asunto(s)
Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática/normas , VIH-1/inmunología , Hepacivirus/inmunología , Hepatovirus/inmunología , Juego de Reactivos para Diagnóstico/normas , Anticuerpos Anti-VIH/análisis , Anticuerpos contra la Hepatitis B/análisis , Anticuerpos contra la Hepatitis C/análisis , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G/análisis , Inmunoglobulina M/análisis , Control de Calidad , Estándares de Referencia , Federación de RusiaRESUMEN
The results of the study of the reactogenicity, safety and immunological activity of Russian cultural vaccine against hepatitis A are presented. The vaccine was found to have specific safety, moderate reactogenicity and pronounced immunological activity. In addition, the study of the prophylactic efficiency of the vaccine in the pre-epidemic period of the outbreak of hepatitis A morbidity in a group exceeding 14,000 adults was carried out. The study revealed high prophylactic efficiency of the vaccine (its efficiency rate was equal to 97.7%). On the basis of materials thus obtained vaccine "Hep-A-in-Vac" was recommended for use in medical practice for the prophylaxis of hepatitis A among adults.
Asunto(s)
Virus de la Hepatitis A Humana/inmunología , Hepatitis A/prevención & control , Vacunas contra Hepatitis Viral/inmunología , Adolescente , Adulto , Hepatitis A/epidemiología , Anticuerpos Antihepatitis/sangre , Vacunas contra Hepatitis B/inmunología , Humanos , Masculino , Federación de Rusia/epidemiología , Factores de Tiempo , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/efectos adversos , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/inmunología , Vacunas Sintéticas/inmunología , Vacunas contra Hepatitis Viral/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Comparative analysis of the specific activities of various batches of Hep-A-in-Vac vaccine showed that the immunologic efficacy of the agent directly depended on the content of hepatitis A virus antigen in the vaccine dose. The results of studying the immunogenicity of the agent on volunteers are compatible with the results of experimental studies and indicate that the test of guinea pigs adequately assesses this characteristic. Assessment of the immunogenic properties of Hep-A-in-Vac prepared using improved technology indicates that Russian vaccine injected three times in a dose containing at least 40 U EIA ensures 87.5% seroconversion in adult seronegative volunteers with the mean geometrical titer of antibodies to hepatitis A virus equal to 683 mIU/ml.
Asunto(s)
Virus de la Hepatitis A Humana/inmunología , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/inmunología , Vacunas contra Hepatitis Viral/inmunología , Adulto , Animales , Cobayas , Vacunas contra la Hepatitis A , Anticuerpos Antihepatitis/biosíntesis , Humanos , Masculino , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/administración & dosificación , Vacunas contra Hepatitis Viral/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
Modernization of the protocol and optimization of the technology of preparation of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine helped prepare the experimental lots of inactivated vaccine meeting all the requirements to such preparations and the WHO recommendations.
Asunto(s)
Hepatitis A/prevención & control , Hepatovirus/inmunología , Vacunas contra Hepatitis Viral/biosíntesis , Vacunas contra Hepatitis Viral/inmunología , Animales , Células Cultivadas , Chlorocebus aethiopsRESUMEN
Clinical trials of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine Hep-A-in-Vac demonstrated its specific safety and moderate reactogenicity, manifesting by short-term fibrillar twitching of musculus deltoideus at the site of injection. After a course of three immunizations 87.5% seronegative vaccines developed a high level of specific antibodies to hepatitis A virus with at least 100 reverse values of titers. In controls antibody titers remained seronegative in 90% cases. These data indicate evident immunologic activity of Hep-A-in-Vac vaccine.
Asunto(s)
Hepatitis A/inmunología , Hepatovirus/inmunología , Vacunas Virales/inmunología , Anticuerpos Antivirales/análisis , Anticuerpos Antivirales/biosíntesis , Hepatitis A/prevención & control , Humanos , Vacunas Virales/biosíntesisRESUMEN
The parameters of plasma-platelet component of hemostasis were studied by autocoagulation test in 90 patients with rheumatoid arthritis of varying activity. To specify the role of blood platelets, their counts were estimated, as was their functional activity. Plasma coagulating activity was found elevated and anticoagulating activity reduced in disease of the first and second degrees of activity, particularly so in the second degree. In patients with the third activity degree these parameters are within the normal range. The platelets augment hypercoagulation signs and reduce plasma anticoagulation potential in disease of the third degree of activity most of all. This leads to augmentation of thrombophilia signs, thus creating favorable conditions for intravascular coagulation and formation of microthrombi, which may eventually result in aggravation of rheumatoid synovitis and development of visceritis.
Asunto(s)
Artritis Reumatoide/complicaciones , Trastornos de la Coagulación Sanguínea/diagnóstico , Adulto , Artritis Reumatoide/sangre , Trastornos de la Coagulación Sanguínea/sangre , Pruebas de Coagulación Sanguínea , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recuento de PlaquetasRESUMEN
A fast-growing cytopathic isolate of human hepatitis A virus (strain MB-7) was derived from fecal samples of infected patients and adapted to growth in FRhK-4 cell culture. A positive serum standard against HAV and electron microscopy were used to demonstrate that MB-7 belonged to human hepatitis A virus. The strain MB-7 induced plaque formation in FRhK-4 under agar overlay after 10-12 days of incubation. The PCR products of gene VP1 were cloned in E. coli and its primary structure was determined. MB-7 was shown to have more homology with HAV strains isolated in the USA and China.
Asunto(s)
Hepatovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Hepatovirus/patogenicidad , Antígenos Virales/análisis , Secuencia de Bases , Clonación Molecular , Efecto Citopatogénico Viral , ADN Complementario/genética , ADN Viral/genética , Hepatitis A/microbiología , Hepatovirus/genética , Hepatovirus/crecimiento & desarrollo , Hepatovirus/inmunología , Humanos , Microscopía Electrónica , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Pruebas de Neutralización , Siberia , Cultivo de VirusRESUMEN
Lowered, as compared to the normal, coagulation activity of hemolyzed and intact red blood cells was recorded in rheumatic fever patients with minimal activity of the process in the presence of hypercoagulation syndrome detectable in the plasma. This activity is low-dependent on the degree of chronic circulatory insufficiency (CCI), and has a tendency to further lowering but not rising under the effect of the treatment conducted. Aggregation activity of red blood cells in patients with CCI of 0-I degree is lowered, in those with CCI of IIA and IIB-III degree--elevated, and it is highest in patients with CCI of IIB-III degree. Fibrinolytic activity of red blood cells recorded in normal subjects is lost in all the groups of patients, regardless of the observation period, with appearance or elevation of fibrinolysis inhibitors in them. Erythrocytic hemostasis alterations detected at varying stages of the course and treatment of rheumatic fever may be conducive to the reduction or growth of overall plasma-erythrocytic coagulation potential thrombophilia.
Asunto(s)
Coagulación Sanguínea/fisiología , Eritrocitos/fisiología , Fibrinólisis/fisiología , Fiebre Reumática/sangre , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
The results of the controlled field trial of lyophilized erythrocytic immunoglobulin diagnosticum for the detection of hepatitis A virus antigen in the urine and feces of patients are presented. This diagnosticum was used for the study of urine and fecal samples from 225 patients (of these, 176 had hepatitis A) and 54 healthy persons in the passive hemagglutination (PHA) test. Their blood sera were studied in the PHA test (to detect HBsAg) and the radioimmunoassay (to detect anti-HAV IgM). The immunoglobulin diagnosticum under study was found to be nonspecific and faintly sensitive and, therefore, unsuitable for use in medical practice.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos Virales/sangre , Eritrocitos/inmunología , Hepatovirus/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina M/sangre , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Heces/microbiología , Femenino , Pruebas de Hemaglutinación/métodos , Hepatitis A/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
The diagnostic value of the first experimental production batches of assay kit "DIAGN-A-HEP", produced at the Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides (USSR Acad. Med. Sci.) and intended for the determination of IgM to hepatitis A virus (HAV) in the enzyme immunoassay (EIA), has been studied in comparison with that of the internationally known and widely approved commercial EIA system "HAVAB-MEIA" for the determination of antibodies to HAV (the product of Abbott, USA). The study has revealed that the EIA kit "DIAGN-A-HEP" is highly sensitive and specific, and the diagnostic value of this kit is not inferior to that of the commercial assay system "HAVAB-MEIA". On the basis of this study the use of the EIA kits "DIAGN-A-HEP" in medical practice has been allowed by the decree of the Ministry of Health of the USSR.
Asunto(s)
Hepatitis A/inmunología , Anticuerpos Antihepatitis/sangre , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas/instrumentación , Inmunoglobulina M/análisis , Juego de Reactivos para Diagnóstico , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Hepatitis A/diagnóstico , Anticuerpos contra la Hepatitis B/sangre , Humanos , U.R.S.S. , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
Complex treatment with direct and indirect anticoagulants and deaggregants carried out in 41 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy produces a significant positive effect on the condition of plasma hemostasis allowing to control the signs of hypercoagulation changes of the general coagulation, fibrinogen-like and antiheparin activity leading to normalization of fibrinolysis of the euglobulin plasma fraction. Prolonged intake of indirect anticoagulants furthers reduction of development of thromboembolism by 12.1%.
Asunto(s)
Anticoagulantes/uso terapéutico , Cardiomiopatía Dilatada/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Coagulación Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Cardiomiopatía Dilatada/sangre , Cardiomiopatía Dilatada/complicaciones , Evaluación de Medicamentos , Femenino , Fibrinólisis/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tromboembolia/etiología , Tromboembolia/prevención & controlRESUMEN
The main indices of the coagulogram, fibrinolysis and adhesive-aggregational properties of thrombocytes were evaluated in 40 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy with the purpose of determining the pathogenetic factors of thrombogenesis. Hypo- and hypercoagulation changes were found as well a reduction of the number of thrombocytes while the adhesiveness index remained unchanged; the aggregation and deaggregation capacities of thrombocytes reduced, the general fibrinolytic plasma activity increased.