RESUMEN
Micronucleus frequency in buccal mucosa from the oral cavity of children as well as nucleolar structural characteristics (surface area of single nucleoli as well as their number and type) in the root meristem of seed progeny of birch (Betula pendula Roth) were studied in some districts of Voronezh City and Voronezh Region (Novovoronezh Town, Zemlyansk Village). Similar trends of changes in cytogenetic parameters have been revealed for both subjects. Regression analysis allowed us to generate an equation relating the cytogenetic parameters of birch seed progeny (surface area of single nucleoli) and humans (frequency of micronuclei in buccal mucosa of children). This study can be considered as a result of cytogenetic monitoring of environmental pollution in some areas of Voronezh City and Voronezh Region.
Asunto(s)
Betula/citología , Nucléolo Celular/ultraestructura , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Contaminación Ambiental , Mucosa Bucal/citología , Niño , Análisis Citogenético , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Plantones/citologíaRESUMEN
A study was made of some cytogenetic characteristics (mitotic activity, the level and spectrum of pathological mitosis, nucleolar features in root tip cells) in birch plantlets. The seeds were collected in four districts of Voronezh and in the ecologically clean territory. The index of mitotic activity has a considerable resistance to anthropogenous pollution. In the experimental areas, the level and spectrum of pathological mitosis increase. In contaminated areas we observed changes of nucleolar characteristics (the increased surface area of nucleoli and their higher number in cells, the increased number of cells with highly active types of nucleoli, the appearance of residual nucleoli). These changes can be considered as possible mechanisms of adaptation to stress due to antropogenous pollution. It is suggested that the use of such indices as single nucleolar surface area or the level of pathological mitosis may be perspective for cytogenetic monitoring of the environment, and for prognostification of environmental conditions suitable or unsuitable for the human health.
Asunto(s)
Betula/citología , Contaminación Ambiental , Semillas/citología , Adaptación Fisiológica , Betula/ultraestructura , Nucléolo Celular/ultraestructura , Citogenética , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Mitosis , Índice Mitótico , Federación de Rusia , Semillas/ultraestructuraRESUMEN
The expert examination quality of temporary disability associated with care for a sick child was studied, the contributing factors were identified. A complex of measures is proposed aimed at increasing the efficiency of curative and preventive care for children and reducing labour losses at enterprises.