RESUMEN
In a series of studies in SPF and conventional guinea pigs, various adjuvants (larifan, polyoxidonium-PO, natrium thiosulphate-NT, TNF-ß and Ribi adjuvant system-RAS) were evaluated for their ability to enhance immune responses to the live brucellosis vaccine, Brucella abortus strain 82-PS (penicillin-sensitive). Combining adjuvants with S82-PS increased synthesis of antibodies against rough (R) and smooth (S) Brucella antigens. Dynamics and levels of antibodies differed dependent upon the adjuvant. Adjuvants enhanced cell-mediated responses to S82-PS, and phagocytosis by macrophages. Humoral and cellular immune responses stimulated by the adjuvants correlated with increased vaccine protection against experimental challenge. The highest protection was demonstrated by combining TNF-ß or PO with S82-PS. Our data demonstrates the potential of adjuvants to improve immunogenic properties of live brucellosis vaccines.
Asunto(s)
Adyuvantes Inmunológicos/farmacología , Vacuna contra la Brucelosis/inmunología , Brucella abortus/inmunología , Brucelosis/prevención & control , Animales , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/inmunología , Brucelosis/inmunología , Proliferación Celular , Esqueleto de la Pared Celular/inmunología , Factores Cordón/inmunología , Cobayas , Inmunidad Celular , Inmunidad Humoral , Lípido A/análogos & derivados , Lípido A/inmunología , Linfotoxina-alfa/inmunología , Macrófagos Peritoneales/inmunología , Masculino , Compuestos Orgánicos/inmunología , Fagocitosis , Piperazinas/inmunología , PolímerosRESUMEN
In this study a modified Komarov's bullet was developed to remotely deliver live brucellosis vaccines (Brucella abortus 82 and Brucella abortus 19). After modification, the bullet payload could carry the desired dose (10(11)CFU) of vaccine. As the bullet components were toxic to the live bacteria, a special protective coating was developed for the bullet inner surface that maintained vaccine viability. Vaccine viability was not influenced by ballistic delivery and the characteristics of the modified bullet allowed accurate delivery at distances of 100m. Intramuscular ballistic delivery of the modified Komarov's bullet into live cattle and bison was not associated with detrimental clinical effects. The modified bullet penetrated approximately 3-5.5cm into muscular tissue. At necropsy after 63 days, recovered bullets were deformed or broken into multiple pieces but were not associated with adverse lesions. Ballistically delivered vaccines of both strains induced high immunological responses in cattle and bison confirmed by serological, immunological tests, PCR and pathomorphological examination of internal organs. Therefore, the clinical and ballistic characteristics of the modified Komarov's bullet, in addition to its ability to be delivered at distances of 100m, demonstrate its usefulness for use in remotely delivering brucellosis vaccines to free-ranging animals. A high immune response induced by ballistically delivered Brucella abortus 82 vaccine proves that this vaccine strain can be used for vaccination of free-ranging animals.