RESUMEN
Resistance of three materials, produced on the basis of concrete compounds to the action of microscopic fungi, isolated from damaged living buildings, has been first investigated. It has been shown that samples of froth-block and thermoeffective block had low fungal resistance, in contrast to samples of cellular polystyrene concrete, which were resistant to fungal action, that can be associated with peculiarities of their component composition.
Asunto(s)
Materiales de Construcción/microbiología , Enfermedades Ambientales/microbiología , Hongos/fisiología , Contaminación del Aire Interior/prevención & control , Enfermedades Ambientales/prevención & control , Humanos , Microscopía , Poliestirenos , UcraniaRESUMEN
The features of radial growth of three microscopic fungi species were investigated at illumination by yellow, blue, green and red light. The studied species of fungi differed by isolation site (some of them were isolated from the places of high radioactive pollution, others--from the places with background level of radioactivity) and pigmentation degree (melanin-containing and light-colored). The parameters of radial growth, which are the integral indexes of the fungal organism physiology state were investigated: radial growth rate, branching degree and summarizing index--the intensity of substrate consumption. It was shown that the melanin-containing fungi Cladosporium cladosporioides growth was twice more rapid in response to blue and yellow light. Whereas such light depressed growth of non-pigmented strain of the same species as compared to control. A light response of other pigment-containing species Hormoconis resinae was far less expressed, and the light-colored species Paecilomyces lilacinus had no response to any offered conditions of illumination.
Asunto(s)
Luz , Hongos Mitospóricos/crecimiento & desarrollo , Hongos Mitospóricos/efectos de la radiación , Radiación Ionizante , Accidente Nuclear de Chernóbil , Hongos Mitospóricos/aislamiento & purificación , Paecilomyces/crecimiento & desarrollo , Paecilomyces/aislamiento & purificación , Paecilomyces/efectos de la radiación , Saccharomycetales/crecimiento & desarrollo , Saccharomycetales/aislamiento & purificación , Saccharomycetales/efectos de la radiación , UcraniaRESUMEN
Growth characteristics of Hormoconis resinae (Lindau) von Arx & de Vries, isolated from premises of the 4th unit of the Chernobyl NPP were studied on solid and liquid media. Radial growth rate of the studied strains varied from 0.05 to 0.08 mm an hour and did not depend on radioactivity of isolation place and composition of the nutrient medium. Index of substrate I colonizing intensity has demonstrated that all studied strains grew better on nutrient-rich medium. Morphological changes in studied strains on starving nutrient-poor media showed a decrease of biomass accumulation, reduction of sporogenesis, inhibition of micelial growth. Concerning both characteristic of biomass accumulation and morphological changes, all studied strains were referred to 3 groups: (1) heterotrophic strains, (2) strains with a tendency to oligocarbotolerance, (3) strains of intermediate group.
Asunto(s)
Ascomicetos/crecimiento & desarrollo , Accidente Nuclear de Chernóbil , Reactores Nucleares , Ascomicetos/aislamiento & purificación , Ascomicetos/efectos de la radiación , Medios de Cultivo , Radiación Ionizante , UcraniaRESUMEN
The effect of hydrogen peroxide ( 10(-9)-10(-1) M) on the mycelial growth of the fungi Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Mucor hiemalis, and Paecilomyces lilacinus has been studied. The growth of fungi isolated from habitats with a background level of radioactive contamination was stopped by H2O2 concentrations equal to 10(-3) and 10(-2) M, whereas the growth of fungi that were isolated from habitats with high levels of radioactive contamination was only arrested by 10(-1) M H2O2. The response of the different fungi to hydrogen peroxide was of three types: (1) a constant growth rate of fungal hyphae at H2O2 concentrations between 10(-9) and 10(-4) M and a decrease in this rate at 10(-3) M H2O2, (2) a gradual decrease in the growth rate as the H2O2 concentration was increased, and (3) an increase in the growth rate as the H2O2 concentration was increased from 10(-7) to 10(2)-5 M. The melanin-containing species A. alternata and C. cladosporioides exhibited all three types of growth response to hydrogen peroxide, whereas the light-pigmented species M. hiemalis and P. lilacinus showed only the first type of growth response. A concentration of hydrogen peroxide equal to 10(-1) M was found to be lethal to all of the fungi studied. The most resistant to hydrogen peroxide was found to be the strain A. alternata 56, isolated from the exclusion zone of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant.
Asunto(s)
Hongos Mitospóricos/crecimiento & desarrollo , Hongos Mitospóricos/efectos de la radiación , Accidente Nuclear de Chernóbil , Medios de Cultivo , Peróxido de Hidrógeno , Hongos Mitospóricos/aislamiento & purificación , Mucor/crecimiento & desarrollo , Mucor/aislamiento & purificación , Mucor/efectos de la radiación , Centrales Eléctricas , Radiación Ionizante , Microbiología del SueloRESUMEN
The results of surgical treatment of 600 patients with rectal fistula were analyzed. Intrasphincter fistula was observed in 204 patients (34%), transsphinctered fistula--in 72 patients (12%), extrasphincter fistula--in 324 patients (54%). In order to decrease the rate of recurrence of fistula, during performance of plastics of internal hole of the fistula the graft of all the wall of rectum (not only its mucosa) was mobilized up to the level of anal sphincter. Post-operative complications and recurrence of fistula occurred in 4% of patients.
Asunto(s)
Canal Anal/cirugía , Colonoscopía/métodos , Fístula Rectal/cirugía , Humanos , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
The experience of treatment of 9 patients with metachronous megacolon and colonic cancer was analyzed. Clinical signs of the disease are diverse. Radical surgical intervention is singularis method of treatment of such patients.