RESUMEN
We investigated the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on cardiac damage after blunt chest injury. Forty male adult Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups; control, cardiac contusion, cardiac contusion + CAPE, and CAPE. CAPE, 10 mmol/kg, was administered intraperitoneally for 7 days following cardiac contusion. Heart tissue and blood were obtained at the end of the experimental period. Cardiac histopathology was determined using hematoxylin & eosin (H & E) staining. Expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in cardiomyocytes was determined using immunohistochemistry. Cardiac apoptosis was determined using the TUNEL method. Serum creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-muscle/brain (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were determined using spectrophotometric methods. The serum cardiac troponin I (C-TI) level was measured using the ELISA method. Myofibril loss was detected in the cardiomyocytes of the cardiac contusion group. Increased apoptosis and TNF-α expression were observed in the cardiac contusion group compared to the control group. Increased CK, CK-MB, LDH and C-TI levels were found in the cardiac contusion group. We found that CAPE administration improved myocardial function. Compared to the cardiac contusion group, CK, CK-MB, LDH and C-TI levels decreased significantly in the cardiac contusion + CAPE group. Administration of CAPE significantly inhibited apoptosis and cardiac TNF-α expression. Our findings demonstrate the therapeutic effects of CAPE for cardiac contusion damage after blunt chest trauma.
Asunto(s)
Ácidos Cafeicos/farmacología , Contusiones Miocárdicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Miocardio/metabolismo , Alcohol Feniletílico/análogos & derivados , Heridas no Penetrantes/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Corazón/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Alcohol Feniletílico/farmacología , Ratas Wistar , Traumatismos Torácicos/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
The trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis model is used to investigate the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. Colon inflammation and apoptosis are associated with tissue damage in ulcerative colitis. Hesperetin is a natural flavonoid that exhibits antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. We investigated the effects of hesperetin on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type C (CD45), caspase-3 and Bax expressions in TNBS in induced colitis model in rats. Male rats were divided into three groups: control group treated with 1 ml physiological saline, colitis group, and colitis + hesperetin group treated with TNBS and hesperetin. Hesperetin treatment was applied for 10 days starting 3 days prior to colitis induction. At the end of the experiment, TNF-α, CD45, caspase-3 and Bax expressions in colon tissue were determined using indirect immunohistochemistry. Increased immunoreactivity of both inflammation markers, TNF-α, CD45, and apoptotic markers, caspase-3 and Bax, was detected in the colitis group. Hesperetin treatment effected significant reduction of all parameters. Hesperetin treatment prevents colon damage owing to its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects.
Asunto(s)
Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Colitis/inducido químicamente , Hesperidina/farmacología , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Ácido Trinitrobencenosulfónico/toxicidad , Animales , Caspasa 3/genética , Caspasa 3/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Inmunohistoquímica , Antígenos Comunes de Leucocito/genética , Antígenos Comunes de Leucocito/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/genética , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Proteína X Asociada a bcl-2/genética , Proteína X Asociada a bcl-2/metabolismoRESUMEN
We investigated the gastroprotective effect of apricot kernel oil on ethanol induced gastric ulcer in rats. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into control, ethanol and apricot kernel oil + ethanol groups. The fatty acid composition of apricot kernel oil was determined using GC-MS. A gastric ulcer index was defined as the area percentage of the gastric mucosa consisting of ulcerated tissue. Gastric tissue was investigated by TUNEL staining for apoptosis, immunohistochemical iNOS staining, measurement of gastric IL-10 and IL-6 expression by ELISA and assays of catalase, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase. The ethanol group exhibited a higher gastric ulcer score, increased IL-6 level, increased number of inducible nitric oxide synthase-positive and TUNEL positive cells, and a higher MDA level compared to the control group. The apricot kernel oil + ethanol group exhibited significantly fewer gastric lesions compared to the ethanol group. Apricot kernel oil protects rat gastric mucosa against ethanol induced injury by its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects, and might be useful for reducing the severity of gastric ulcers.
Asunto(s)
Mucosa Gástrica , Aceites de Plantas , Prunus armeniaca/química , Semillas/química , Animales , Apoptosis , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Etanol/toxicidad , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Mucosa Gástrica/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Gástrica/lesiones , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Aceites de Plantas/farmacología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Estándares de ReferenciaRESUMEN
This study investigated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), vascular density, and apoptosis in fetal rat adrenal glands with hyperthyroidism in late gestation. Twelve mature female Wistar albino rats with the same biological and physiological features were used for this study. Rats were divided into two groups: control and hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism was induced by daily subcutaneous injections of L-thyroxine (250 µg/kg) before pregnancy for 21 days and during pregnancy. Rats in the control and hyperthyroidism groups were caged according to the number of male rats. Zero day of pregnancy (Day 0) was indicated when the animals were observed to have microscopic sperm in vaginal smears. Pregnant rats were sacrificed on the 20th day of pregnancy; blood from each animal was collected to determine the concentrations of maternal adrenocorticotropic hormone and thyroxine. Rat fetuses were then quickly removed from the uterus, and the adrenal glands of the fetuses were dissected. VEGF expression, vascular density, and apoptosis were analyzed in fetal rat adrenal glands. Maternal serum levels of the adrenocorticotropic hormone and free thyroxine were significantly higher in the hyperthyroidism group than in the control group. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the number of VEGF positive cells and vessel density significantly increased in the hyperthyroidism rat fetal adrenal group compared with the control group. Hyperthyroidism did not change the fetal and placental weights and the number of fetuses. This study demonstrates that hyperthyroidism may have an effect on the development of rat adrenal glands mediated by VEGF expression, angiogenesis, and apoptosis.