RESUMEN
Review of literature is devoted to the most up-to-date retinal diseases such as diabetic macular edema and age macular degeneration affecting people of different age and leading to disability. Besides management of central serous retinopathy that affects younger patients is discussed. According to data of domestic and foreign studies common treatment options of central retina diseases along with therapeutic effect have adverse effects leading to damage of neurosensory retina. Thus despite of a great number of studies devoted to this problem a search of effective and safe treatment option of central retina diseases is still important.
Asunto(s)
Terapia por Láser/métodos , Enfermedades de la Retina/terapia , Retinopatía Diabética/cirugía , Retinopatía Diabética/terapia , Humanos , Terapia por Láser/efectos adversos , Degeneración Macular/terapia , Retina/cirugía , Enfermedades de la Retina/cirugíaRESUMEN
During the study of diode laser radiation effect in micropulse mode on culture cells of human retinal pigment epithelium it was revealed that the quota of dead cells was a minimum. Besides, a certain conformity between dead cells quota and parameter characteristics of laser radiation. Based on the performed experimental study it was revealed that for a work using the Iris Medical IQ 810 diode laser in the micropulse mode following parameters: duration of pulse set--300ms, duration of function--9.1%, power--750mW are safe for retinal pigment epithelium cells. Rationales of safety in application of the infrared diode laser radiation in micropulse mode in clinic for treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) exampled by cell culture of human retinal pigment epithelium.
Asunto(s)
Rayos Láser , Degeneración Macular/patología , Degeneración Macular/terapia , Epitelio Pigmentado de la Retina/patología , Células Cultivadas , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Humanos , Terapia por LáserRESUMEN
Twenty-one healthy volunteers aged 21 to 37 years (21 eyes) were examined on a MP-1 microperimeter and a Humphrey HFA II-750i perimeter by the 10-2 program. The standard stimulation parameters used on the microperimeter revealed a wide plateau in the central visual field due to the limited stimulus intensity range of MP-1. The comparable data on both perimeters could be obtained only with small-sized stimuli (Goldmann I). However, quantitative comparison demonstrated significant differences in the reduction of differential light thresholds from 2 degrees to 10 degrees from the fixation point. The studies have indicated that the technical characteristics of the MP-1 microperimeter does not allow one to elaborate algorithms for recounting the data to compare with those obtained on the Humphrey perimeter. It has been ascertained that the MP-1 microperimeter should not be used to solve the problems of conventional computed perimetry.
Asunto(s)
Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador/métodos , Pruebas del Campo Visual/métodos , Campos Visuales , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Valores de Referencia , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Laser thermokeratoplasty (LTK) induces postoperative inflammation of the cornea. Its clinical manifestation as well as the degree of endothelial cell loss depend on laser irradiation energy and the number of coagulates. The refractive effect of LTK is most stable in a hyperopia of up to 3.0 D and a laser energy value of up to 170 mJ; in this case, endothelial cell loss dose not exceed 2.2%. According to biomicroscopy, ultrasound pachimetry, and optical coherent tomography of the anterior segment of the eye, LTK results in corneal thickening, after which the volume of the coagulant gradually decreases and stabilizes by the end of the first year after LTK. Two types of scar, biomicroscopically different in size and optical density, form after LTK. The authors distinguish four clinical periods of healing after LTK, which makes it possible to evaluate and systematize physiological and biomechanical processes taking place in the cornea during refraction formation.
Asunto(s)
Córnea/patología , Cirugía Laser de Córnea/métodos , Hiperopía/cirugía , Refracción Ocular/fisiología , Adulto , Córnea/diagnóstico por imagen , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Hiperopía/diagnóstico , Hiperopía/fisiopatología , Microscopía Acústica , Persona de Mediana Edad , Periodo Posoperatorio , Factores de Tiempo , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Resultado del Tratamiento , Agudeza Visual , Cicatrización de HeridasRESUMEN
The study of the informative value of new radiation methods for diagnosing macular pathology has demonstrated that introduction of techniques, such as angiography using indocyanine green and optical coherent tomography, makes it possible to increase the informative value of diagnosis, to define treatment policy, and to more clearly assess the time course of abnormal changes in different forms of abnormal macular changes. The precise definition of the site and sizes of the subretinal neovascular membrane facilitates the performance of laser therapy (focal laser coagulation and transpupillary thermotherapy) and enhances its efficiency.
Asunto(s)
Angiografía con Fluoresceína/métodos , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Neovascularización Retiniana/diagnóstico , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Estudios de Seguimiento , Fondo de Ojo , Humanos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Professionally significant functions (visual acuity, color vision and its parameters, and dark adaptation and its parameters) were determined in moderate and severe myopia before and after its excimer laser correction by the LASIK method: in early (1, 3 months) and late (6, 12 months) periods after surgery to decide where the operated persons are allowed to have the jobs associated with railway traffic safety. Sixty-one patients with moderate and severe myopia and 23 control individuals were examined at the Moscow Research and Technological Complex "Eye Surgery". The examinations have demonstrated that the values of visual acuity, color vision, and dark adaptation considerably improved. Whether the persons undergone excimer laser myopia correction are allowed to have the jobs associated with railway transport safety should be individually decided, by taking into account the postoperative recovery of professionally significant visual functions.
Asunto(s)
Percepción de Color/fisiología , Adaptación a la Oscuridad/fisiología , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Queratomileusis por Láser In Situ , Miopía/rehabilitación , Salud Laboral , Agudeza Visual/fisiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Miopía/fisiopatología , Miopía/cirugía , PronósticoRESUMEN
The authors analyze the results of fluorescent angiography of the iris in 41 children operated on for congenital (n = 11) and traumatic (n = 30) cataracts. Iris clips-lenses with iridointra- and iridocapsular fixation and the posterior-chamber lenses with fixation in the capsular sac and sulcus ciliaris were implanted. The time parameters of iridal microcirculation normalized in 3 months after surgery in children with congenital cataracts. Increased permeability of the iridal vessels was detected before surgery in 50% of the children with traumatic cataracts. Iridal microcirculation recovery after surgery occurred later in the majority of patients: in 6 months, whatever the type of intraocular lens and the mode of its fixation. In some children with manifest posttraumatic abnormalities concomitant with the cataract increased permeability of the iridal vessels persisted a year after surgery despite the clinically fair status of the eye.