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A guest on a cruise ship must be disembarked during the voyage due to a probable malignant pleural effusion recurring after puncture and draining part of the fluid. As in this case, patients are often advised by their general practitioners or specialists to take part in an already planned cruise, although complications of existing underlying diseases cannot always be well treated in the on-board hospital. The diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities in the on-board hospital are clearly limited in many aspects compared to hospitals ashore and disembarkation is not desirable everywhere.

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We directly trace the multi-THz conductivity of VO2 during an insulator-metal transition triggered by a 12-fs light pulse. The femtosecond dynamics of lattice and electronic degrees of freedom are spectrally discriminated. A coherent wave packet motion of V-V dimers at 6 THz modulates the lattice polarizability for approximately 1 ps. In contrast, the electronic conductivity settles to a constant value already after one V-V oscillation cycle. Based on our findings, we propose a qualitative model for the nonthermal phase transition.

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The ultrafast transition of an optical phonon resonance to a coupled phonon-plasmon system is studied. After 10-fs photoexcitation of i-InP, the buildup of coherent beats of the emerging hybrid modes is directly monitored via ultrabroadband THz spectroscopy. The anticrossing is mapped out as a function of time and density. A quantum kinetic theory of microscopic carrier-carrier and carrier-LO-phonon interactions explains the delayed formation of the collective modes. The buildup time is quantitatively reproduced to scale with the oscillation cycle of the upper branch of the coupled resonance.

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In this paper we present a freely available application with which surface models, e.g. triangle meshes can be registered rigidly as well as by using similarity or affine transformations. Registered surfaces can be analysed, i.e. their difference can be calculated and visualised in various ways. The software is addressing the problem of evaluating shape differences of generated surface models due to mesh relaxation, decimation, object (in our case: patient) variation, different co-ordinate systems, etc. We invite all interested research personnel to download and use the software.

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Endoscopy is an important procedure for the diagnostic and therapy of various pathologies. We develop extensive and automated systems for this field. Due to application of these new systems, a patient is subject to considerably less strains, as opposed to prevailing commercial systems. The capability of such instruments, unlike the presently used systems, to independently follow anatomical peculiarities of the body means also a reduced risk of complications for a patient. A further advantage is that difficult to access regions deep inside the body, like the small intestine or peripheral parts of the bronchial tubes, can thus be reached. We use a complex navigation system for our new endoscopic system.

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In the craniofacial surgery image-slices obtained from tomographies are used for planning and simulation of surgical interventions. Using these image-slices three-dimensional geometric models can be reconstructed, representing bones and soft tissue. However, for planning complex surgical interventions simulation methods are needed additionally to the pure visualisation. Exemplary, planning a Frontal Orbital Advancement (FOA) operation the cutting trajectories, their depth and orientation in each point, the drill hole, the position, orientation and deformation of bones, etc. are the point of interest. Especially for intraoperative execution supported by navigation systems or robots. In order to be able to plan such complex interventions with the help of computers, geometrical and haptical models must be generated from the image-slices. On the one hand these models represent the anatomical structures exactly, on the other hand they are needed for the simulation of the different activities, which have to be performed during the surgical intervention like drilling, milling, deforming, positioning, etc. Beside the geometrical and haptical models methods for interactions must be supplied to the physician for an accurate and intuitive planning of the surgical intervention. We developed such an operation planning system which is already used in clinical practise in Heidelberg.

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