RESUMEN
PURPOSE: The purpose of this review was to evaluate the factors that influence well-being, job satisfaction, stress, and burnout in speech-language pathologists (SLPs), and to identify the impact of these variables on worker recruitment and retention. METHOD: A systematic literature search was conducted. Four electronic databases (PsycARTICLES & PsycINFO, PubMed/Medline, CINHAL and ABI/INFORM) were searched. The search was limited to articles published in English between 1998 and June 2018. To be eligible for inclusion, studies needed to investigate or report well-being, job satisfaction, stress or burnout in SLPs. The methodological quality of each paper was assessed using the "Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology" (for quantitative data) and "Consolidated criteria for Reporting Qualitative research" (for qualitative data) checklists. A data-driven thematic analysis of the literature was used to identify key themes. RESULT: Seventeen of 2050 studies met the inclusion criteria, of which 15 were cross-sectional surveys yielding quantitative data. Two were qualitative studies. There was consistent evidence for SLPs in the USA and Canada experiencing average to high satisfaction in their jobs. However, SLP job satisfaction in the UK was low, and studies in other countries did not address satisfaction. Facet analysis revealed six contributory themes, three of which were clearly associated with well-being: workload/caseload size, professional support, and salary. The contribution of job control (autonomy), length of time in practice and work setting was inconclusive. Evidence for stress and dissatisfaction leading to workforce attrition was found. CONCLUSION: Job satisfaction, stress, and burnout were found to be associated with various occupational features, including elements of demand, support and reward. No previous studies have investigated the interaction between different elements of a job, which might boost satisfaction or ameliorate stress in SLPs. This is the first review using a systematic approach to focus on well-being, satisfaction, stress and burnout in SLPs and suggests more work needs to be done to help identify and improve the well-being of the workforce.
Asunto(s)
Agotamiento Profesional , Satisfacción en el Trabajo , Agotamiento Profesional/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Patólogos , HablaRESUMEN
Background. Conductive Education for stroke survivors has shown promise but randomised evidence is unavailable. This study assessed the feasibility of a definitive randomised controlled trial to evaluate efficacy. Methods. Adult stroke survivors were recruited through local community notices. Those completing the baseline assessment were randomised using an online program and group allocation was independent. Intervention group participants received 10 weekly 1.5-hour sessions of Conductive Education at the National Institute of Conductive Education in Birmingham, UK. The control group participants attended two group meetings. The study evaluated the feasibility of recruitment procedures, delivery of the intervention, retention of participants, and appropriateness of outcome measures and data collection methods. Independent assessments included the Barthel Index, the Stroke Impact Scale, the Timed Up and Go test, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results. Eighty-two patients were enrolled; 77 completed the baseline assessment (46 men, mean age 62.1 yrs.) and were randomised. 70 commenced the intervention (n = 37) or an equivalent waiting period (n = 33). 32/37 completed the 10-week training and 32/33 the waiting period. There were no missing items from completed questionnaires and no adverse events. Discussion. Recruitment, intervention, and assessment methods worked well. Transport issues for intervention and assessment appointments require review. Conclusion. A definitive trial is feasible. This trial is registered with ISRCTN84064492.
RESUMEN
This study aimed to highlight the occurrence of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in children with septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) and optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH). A cross-sectional study was designed, including 28 children with SOD and 14 children with ONH. Clinician diagnosis of ASD was reported in 14 children. The Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) reported that 23 children met the cut-off point for ASD, and 9 children met the cut-off point for autism. Greater levels of intellectual disability and visual loss were reported in children with ASD in comparison to those without ASD, but, of the two, intellectual disability was a better predictor for ASD. The SCQ lost its sensitivity and specificity in children who had greater visual loss which highlights a requirement for a measure that is sensitive to visual loss. It is also recommended that children with SOD/ONH would benefit from routine screening for ASDs.