RESUMEN
PURPOSE: Racial/ethnic minorities experience greater job loss than whites during periods of economic downturn and after a cancer diagnosis. Therefore, race/ethnicity-matched controls are needed to distinguish the impact of illness on job loss from secular trends METHODS: Surveys were administered during and 4-month post-completion of breast cancer treatment. Patients were pre-diagnosis employed women aged 18-64, undergoing treatment for stage I-III breast cancers, who spoke English, Chinese, Korean, or Spanish. Each patient was asked to: (1) nominate peers who were surveyed in a corresponding timeframe (active controls), (2) report a friend's work status at baseline and follow-up (passive controls). Both types of controls were healthy, employed at baseline, and shared the nominating patient's race/ethnicity, language, and age. The primary outcome was number of evaluable patient-control pairs by type of control. A patient-control pair was evaluable if work status at follow-up was reported for both individuals. RESULTS: Of the 180 patients, 25% had evaluable active controls (45 patient-control pairs); 84% had evaluable passive controls (151 patient-control pairs). Although patients with controls differed from those without controls under each strategy, there was no difference in the percentage of controls who were working at follow-up (96% of active controls; 91% of passive controls). However, only 65% of patients were working at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients had evaluable passive controls. There was no significant difference in outcome between controls ascertained through either method IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: Passive controls are a low-cost, higher-yield option to control for secular trends in racially/ethnically diverse samples.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama , Etnicidad , Desempleo , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias de la Mama/epidemiología , Estado de Salud , Medición de Resultados Informados por el Paciente , Disparidades en el Estado de SaludRESUMEN
Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare and very aggressive large B-cell lymphoma usually presenting as serous effusions without a tumor mass. It is universally associated with human herpesvirus type-8 (HHV-8) infection. It most commonly occurs in the body cavities and rarely develops as solid tumor masses in the wall of cavity and other organs, and it has been termed as extracavitary PEL. Extracavitary PEL has been reported in the lymph nodes and extranodal sites. Here we report a rare case of extracavitary PEL occurring in the bladder and ureter of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative 76-year-old Chinese male, presenting with right leg swelling, erythema, and pain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of extracavitary PEL presenting in the bladder and ureter.
RESUMEN
An elderly woman with a family history of cholangiocarcinoma is diagnosed with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver after clinical evaluation, imaging, and tumor markers suggest that metastatic SCC to the liver was not likely.