RESUMEN
Standigm ASK™ revolutionizes healthcare by addressing the critical challenge of identifying pivotal target genes in disease mechanisms-a fundamental aspect of drug development success. Standigm ASK™ integrates a unique combination of a heterogeneous knowledge graph (KG) database and an attention-based neural network model, providing interpretable subgraph evidence. Empowering users through an interactive interface, Standigm ASK™ facilitates the exploration of predicted results. Applying Standigm ASK™ to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a complex lung disease, we focused on genes (AMFR, MDFIC and NR5A2) identified through KG evidence. In vitro experiments demonstrated their relevance, as TGFß treatment induced gene expression changes associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition characteristics. Gene knockdown reversed these changes, identifying AMFR, MDFIC and NR5A2 as potential therapeutic targets for IPF. In summary, Standigm ASK™ emerges as an innovative KG and artificial intelligence platform driving insights in drug target discovery, exemplified by the identification and validation of therapeutic targets for IPF.
Asunto(s)
Inteligencia Artificial , Fibrosis Pulmonar Idiopática , Humanos , Reconocimiento de Normas Patrones Automatizadas , Fibrosis Pulmonar Idiopática/tratamiento farmacológico , Fibrosis Pulmonar Idiopática/genética , Pulmón/metabolismoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: We surveyed the benefit of dietary supplements to treat tinnitus and reported adverse effects. METHOD: A website was created for people with tinnitus to complete a variety of questions. RESULTS: The 1,788 subjects who responded to questionnaires came from 53 different countries; 413 (23.1%) reported taking supplements. No effect on tinnitus was reported in 70.7%, improvement in 19.0%, and worsening in 10.3%. Adverse effects were reported in 6% (n = 36), including bleeding, diarrhea, headache, and others. Supplements were reported to be helpful for sleep: melatonin (effect size, d = 1.228) and lipoflavonoid (d = 0.5244); emotional reactions: melatonin (d = 0.6138) and lipoflavonoid (d = 0.457); hearing: Ginkgo biloba (d = 0.3758); and concentration Ginkgo biloba (d = 0.3611). The positive, subjective reports should be interpreted cautiously; many might have reported a positive effect because they were committed to treatment and expected a benefit. Users of supplements were more likely to have loudness hyperacusis and to have a louder tinnitus. CONCLUSIONS: The use of dietary supplements to treat tinnitus is common, particularly with Ginkgo biloba, lipoflavonoids, magnesium, melatonin, vitamin B12, and zinc. It is likely that some supplements will help with sleep for some patients. However, they are generally not effective, and many produced adverse effects. We concluded that dietary supplements should not be recommended to treat tinnitus but could have a positive outcome on tinnitus reactions in some people.
Asunto(s)
Suplementos Dietéticos , Hiperacusia/tratamiento farmacológico , Acúfeno/tratamiento farmacológico , Depresores del Sistema Nervioso Central/uso terapéutico , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Flavonoides/uso terapéutico , Ginkgo biloba , Humanos , Hiperacusia/etiología , Magnesio/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Melatonina/uso terapéutico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Acúfeno/complicaciones , Oligoelementos/uso terapéutico , Vitamina B 12/uso terapéutico , Complejo Vitamínico B/uso terapéutico , Zinc/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Several tinnitus sufferers suggest that manganese has been helpful with their tinnitus. PURPOSE: We tested this in a controlled experiment where participants were committed to taking manganese and Lipoflavonoid Plus(®) to treat their tinnitus. RESEARCH DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. STUDY SAMPLE: 40 participants were randomized to receive both manganese and Lipoflavonoid Plus(®) for 6 months, or Lipoflavonoid Plus(®) only (as the control). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Pre- and postmeasures were obtained with the Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire, Tinnitus Primary Functions Questionnaire, and tinnitus loudness and annoyance ratings. An audiologist performed the audiogram, the tinnitus loudness match, and minimal masking level. RESULTS: Twelve participants were dropped out of the study because of the side effects or were lost to follow-up. In the manganese group, 1 participant (out of 12) showed a decrease in the questionnaires, and another showed a decrease in the loudness and annoyance ratings. No participants from the control group (total 16) showed a decrease in the questionnaires ratings. Two participants in the control group reported a loudness decrement and one reported an annoyance decrement. CONCLUSIONS: We were not able to conclude that either manganese or Lipoflavonoid Plus(®) is an effective treatment for tinnitus.