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The significant consumption of fossil fuels and the increasing pollution have spurred the development of energy-storage devices like batteries. Due to their high cost and limited resources, widely used lithium-ion batteries have become unsuitable for large-scale energy production. Sodium is considered to be one of the most promising substitutes for lithium due to its wide availability and similar physiochemical properties. Designing a suitable cathode material for sodium-ion batteries is essential, as the overall electrochemical performance and the cost of battery depend on the cathode material. Among different types of cathode materials, polyanionic material has emerged as a great option due to its higher redox potential, stable crystal structure, and open three-dimensional framework. However, the poor electronic and ionic conductivity limits their applicability. This review briefly discusses the strategies to deal with the challenges of transition-metal oxides and Prussian blue analogue, recent developments in polyanionic compounds, and strategies to improve electrochemical performance of polyanionic material by nanostructuring, surface coating, morphology control, and heteroatom doping, which is expected to accelerate the future design of sodium-ion battery cathodes.
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Purpose: : To assess the patient reported outcome and quality of life in post external dacryocystorhinostomy operated patients. Methods: A prospective questionnaire based study was carried out on 112 patients diagnosed with chronic dacryocystitis who underwent external dacryocystorhinostomy in the department of Orbit and Oculoplasty at a tertiary eye hospital in South India. Results: We included 112 cases in our study. Mean (SD) of the age of patients was 48.03 (12.79) years and ranged from 7 to 72 years of age. 44 (39.3%) patients were males and 68 (60.7%) were females. All cases had subjective symptoms of tearing, pain and swelling at baseline which were relieved by post-operative 3 in all cases. The mean (SD) best corrected visual acuity was 0.28 (0.39) at baseline and 0.25 (0.37) at postoperative 3 (p < 0.001). All four parameters studied in the GBI questionnaire - total mean GBI (32.22 vs 48.86, P < 0.001), general subscale (31.21 vs 44.08, P < 0.001), social health (46.28 vs 61.01, P < 0.001), physical outcome (22.17 vs 55.80, P = 0.0001) scores showed significant improvement from 1 vs 3 months post DCR. Conclusion: : The GBI questionnaire is an effective tool for assessing patients' quality of life following DCR. External DCR can not only produce a successful anatomical outcome but also bring about a measurable improvement in subjective symptoms and quality of life among patients with symptomatic NLDO.
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Dacriocistorrinostomía , Conducto Nasolagrimal , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , India/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Conducto Nasolagrimal/cirugía , Estudios Prospectivos , Calidad de Vida , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in corneal topography, cycloplegic refraction, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after ptosis correction surgery in patients with congenital ptosis. Methods: Our study represents a prospective observational study conducted on 27 eyes of 21 patients with congenital ptosis. All patients underwent complete ophthalmological evaluation, cycloplegic refraction, and baseline Orbscan prior to ptosis surgery. At 6 months postoperative review, the cycloplegic refraction and Orbscan were repeated to evaluate the changes in these parameters. The main outcome measures in our study were Steepest K, Inferior-Superior Asymmetry (I-S Asymmetry), cycloplegic refraction and BCVA. Results: A significant decrease in Steepest K postoperatively (P < 0.001) was noted. Superior K and Inferior K also decreased, but the decrease in Inferior K was statistically significant (P = 0.044). However, change in I-S Asymmetry was not significant. Variation in BCVA, and cycloplegic sphere and cylinder was minimal. Sim K astigmatism, Surface Regularity Index, I-S Asymmetry and Central Corneal Thickness did not show significant variation. Conclusion: Ptotic eyelid constantly presses on the cornea causing significant changes in corneal contour and surface remodeling. This pressure when relieved, results in significant flattening and regression of anterior corneal surface to its near normal anatomy. This further resulted in improvement of corneal surface irregularity and symmetry.
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Astigmatismo , Astigmatismo/diagnóstico , Astigmatismo/cirugía , Córnea/diagnóstico por imagen , Córnea/cirugía , Topografía de la Córnea , Humanos , Estudios Prospectivos , Refracción Ocular , Agudeza VisualRESUMEN
Ophthalmia nodosa is an inflammatory reaction of ocular tissues in response to caterpillar setae. Setae are fibers produced by a number of insects and plants, and there are extensive reports of cases caused by caterpillars and spiders. These hairs are covered by microscopic barbs that facilitate their entry and migration into the ocular tissues resulting in severe inflammation. They are predominantly found buried in the conjunctiva and cornea. Rarely, they may penetrate through the cornea to enter the anterior chamber, lens, and posterior segment. Caterpillar hair in the meibomian gland orifice is a rare presentation and has not been reported previously.