RESUMEN
We report two studies that tested the effects of caffeine, the world's most widely used psychoactive drug, on temporal perception. We trained Wistar rats using the Bisection Procedure (Experiment 1) or the Stubbs' Procedure (Experiment 2) to discriminate between short and long light stimuli. Once training finished, we administered caffeine orally (0, 9.6, and 96.0 mg/kg for Experiment 1 and 0, 9.6, 19.2, and 38.4 mg/kg for Experiment 2) 15 minutes prior to testing. Relative to the control condition, the 9.6 mg/kg condition (Experiments 1 and 2) and the 19.2 mg/kg condition (Experiment 2) resulted in an increase in proportion of choosing the long response. Meanwhile, overall accuracy was not affected by any condition in both experiments. Taken together, these results are consistent with the notion that caffeine, at some doses, speeds up temporal perception. However, it is not clear why the effect disappears at higher doses.
Asunto(s)
Cafeína , Ratas Wistar , Percepción del Tiempo , Cafeína/farmacología , Animales , Ratas , Percepción del Tiempo/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Estimulantes del Sistema Nervioso Central/farmacología , Estimulantes del Sistema Nervioso Central/administración & dosificación , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a DrogaRESUMEN
Particles suspended in the air we breathe are deposited in the airways as a function of the properties of the particle itself (shape, size and hydration), inspiratory air flow, airway anatomy, breathing environment, and mucociliary clearance. The scientific study of the deposition of inhaled particles in the airways has been conducted using traditional mathematical models and imaging techniques with particle markers. In recent years, the integration of statistical and computer methods, giving rise to a new discipline called digital microfluidics, has led to significant advances. In routine clinical practice, these studies are of great use for optimizing inhaler devices in line with particular characteristics of the drug to be inhaled and the pathology of the patient.
Asunto(s)
Pulmón , Humanos , Pulmón/diagnóstico por imagen , Tamaño de la Partícula , Administración por Inhalación , AerosolesAsunto(s)
Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/terapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/epidemiología , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Fumar Cigarrillos/efectos adversos , Terapia Combinada , Comorbilidad , Técnicas de Diagnóstico del Sistema Respiratorio , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/epidemiología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Tamizaje Masivo , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Estrés Oxidativo , Neumonectomía/métodos , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/epidemiología , Neumología , Radioterapia/métodos , Factores de Riesgo , Cese del Hábito de Fumar , Sociedades Médicas , España , Cirugía TorácicaRESUMEN
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