RESUMEN
Two methods of salivation of tsetse flies, namely manual salivation and method of Bruce et al. were simultaneously evaluated on 1,702 male uninfected Glossina palpalis palpalis (Zaire), G. palpalis gambiensis (Bobo-Dioulasso), G. p. gambiensis (Maisons-Alfort) et G. morsitans morsitans (Mall) fasted for 23, 48 and 72 hours. The risk of salivation was 0.66 by the manual method and 0.01 by the method of Bruce et al. The manual salivation method was standardised on 79 male G. m. morsitans (Mall) infected with Trypanosoma congolense IL 1180. By this method, 70.88% of flies carrying mature and/or immature infection were identified. A clear difference was observed in the proportion of tsetse flies which salivated after 72 hours and those which salivated after 48 and 24 hours of fasting.
Asunto(s)
Insectos Vectores/anatomía & histología , Salivación/fisiología , Trypanosoma congolense/fisiología , Tripanosomiasis Africana/transmisión , Moscas Tse-Tse/anatomía & histología , Animales , Conducta Alimentaria , Interacciones Huésped-Parásitos , Insectos Vectores/fisiología , Masculino , Boca/anatomía & histología , Boca/fisiología , Moscas Tse-Tse/parasitología , Moscas Tse-Tse/fisiologíaRESUMEN
In order to study sensitivity or resistance of T.b. gambiense to baboon serum, two species of baboons, P. hamadryas and P. papio were inoculated with T.b. gambiense clone LiTat 1.1. Both species were receptive to infection but, parasitological and immunological parameters showed that P. papio was more trypanotolerant than P. hamadryas. The VAT-specific trypanolysis test and the ELISA, using MoAb for circulating antigen detection may be appropriate for the diagnosis of human trypanosomiasis due to T.b. gambiense.
Asunto(s)
Fenómenos Fisiológicos Sanguíneos , Papio/parasitología , Trypanosoma brucei gambiense/patogenicidad , Animales , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/aislamiento & purificación , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Femenino , Masculino , Papio/sangre , Especificidad de la Especie , Tripanocidas , Trypanosoma brucei gambiense/inmunología , VirulenciaRESUMEN
A total of 440 teneral Glossina palpalis gambiensis received one single bloodmeal on a guinea pig infected chronically with Trypanosoma brucei brucei EATRO 1125. Metacyclic infections were present in 11.29% of the flies, in 2.32% infections were limited to procyclical stages. No significant difference in vectorial capacity was observed between male and female flies, the level of metacyclic infections being 13.19% in the former and 9.55% in the latter. The parasitaemia level, the percentage of stumpy forms at the moment of the blood meal and the maintenance conditions of the flies seemed to influence the infection of the flies.
Asunto(s)
Insectos Vectores , Trypanosoma brucei brucei , Moscas Tse-Tse/parasitología , Animales , Burkina Faso , Cobayas , Factores de Tiempo , Tripanosomiasis Africana/transmisiónRESUMEN
Three chemical immunosuppressive agents, viz. dexamethasone, methotrexate and cyclophosphamide, were administered to guinea-pigs two days prior to their infection with Dictyocaulus viviparus infective larvae and onward. The cell mediated immunity of these guinea-pigs was subdued under the influence of these immunosuppressive agents as evidenced by macrophage migration inhibition test but this could not prevent or postpone the rejection of majority of the worm population of guinea-pigs on day 15 post-infection. Methotrexate exerted, besides its cell mediated immunosuppressive action on the host, some inhibitory influence on the general biotic potentialities of the developing worms so that, on day eight post-infection, a reduced number of stunted worms was recovered.