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Objective: This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of high-dose corticosteroid therapy in children diagnosed with epileptic encephalopathy with spike-and-wave activation in sleep (EE-SWAS), investigate associated clinical indicators influencing treatment outcomes, and establish a predictive model for recurrence. Methods: Children diagnosed with EE-SWAS who received high-dose corticosteroid therapy were categorized into responder group and non-responder group. Data on clinical parameters, electroencephalogram (EEG) features, and serum cytokine levels were collected. Six months post-treatment, the effectively treated children were further stratified into recurrence and non-recurrence groups. Risk factors for poor outcomes following corticosteroid therapy were identified using univariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was then employed to determine independent factors influencing the recurrence of corticosteroid therapy, which facilitated the development of a predictive model. Results: The study included 48 children, with 33 cases in the responder group (effective rate = 68.8%) and 15 cases in the non-responder group. The responder group exhibited an older onset age of electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) and higher proportions of combined benzodiazepines (BZDs) use (P < 0.05). Among those responding to corticosteroid therapy, 11 cases experienced a recurrence (recurrence rate = 33.3%), while 22 cases did not. Significant differences were observed between the two groups concerning age of seizure onset, age of ESES onset, seizure frequency, atypical presentations, and concomitant frontal lobe discharges (all P < 0.05). Concomitant frontal lobe discharges and an earlier age of seizure onset were identified as risk factors for ESES recurrence following corticosteroid therapy. The predictive model was formulated as Logit(P) = 2.35 × presence of frontal lobe discharges-0.802 × age of seizure onset + 2.457. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) of Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) was 0.93, with sensitivity and specificity at 100% and 77.3%, respectively. Conclusion: High-dose corticosteroid therapy for EE-SWAS exhibited a high effective rate as well as a notable recurrence rate. Onset age of ESES and combined benzodiazepines usage correlated with therapeutic efficacy. Seizure onset age and the presence of frontal lobe discharges may hold predictive value for recurrence following corticosteroid therapy.
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Objective@#This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the characteristics of malocclusions in scoliotic patients through clinical examinations. @*Methods@#Fifty-eight patients with idiopathic scoliosis (IS) and 48 patients with congenital scoliosis (CS) participated in the study. A randomly selected group of 152 orthopedically healthy children served as the control group. Standardized orthodontic and orthopedic examination protocols were used to record the occlusal patterns and type of scoliosis. Assessments were made by three experienced orthodontists and a spinal surgery team. The differences in the frequency distribution of occlusal patterns were evaluated by the chi-squared test. @*Results@#In comparison with patients showing IS, patients with CS showed a higher incidence of Cobb angle ≥ 45° (p = 0.020) and included a higher proportion of patients receiving surgical treatments (p < 0.001). The distribution of the Angle Class II subgroup was significantly higher in the IS (p < 0.001) and CS (p = 0.031) groups than in the control group. In comparison with the healthy controls, the CS and IS groups showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) frequencies of asymmetric molar and asymmetric canine relationships, upper and lower middle line deviations, anterior deep overbite, unilateral posterior crossbite, and canted occlusal plane, with the frequencies being especially higher in CS patients and to a lesser extent in IS patients. @*Conclusions@#Patients with scoliosis showed a high frequency of malocclusions, which were most obvious in patients with CS.
RESUMEN
Peripheral blood CD_5~+B cell was detected by flow cytometry in patients with Graves′ disease (GD) before and after treatment. As compared with normal controls, peripheral blood CD_5~+B cells in a group of 43 patients with GD showed a significant increase in number [(17.0+5.1)% vs (39.5+12.4)%, P