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The wound healing in patients with DM is the result of multiple factors.The difficulty of macrophage M1 to M2 transformation is the key factor affecting wound healing.The biological function of macrophages is closely related to epigenetic modifications.This article reviews the research progress of macrophage polarization epigenetic regulation in diabetic wound healing.

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As a protector of human health, the gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of the immune system during childhood, and the regulation of dietary habits, metabolism and immune system during adulthood. Dysregulated gut flora is not pathogenic, but it can weaken the protective effect of the immune system and cause various diseases. The tumor microenvironment is a physiological environment formed during tumor growth, which provides nutrients and growth factors necessary for tumor growth. As an important factor affecting the tumor microenvironment, the intestinal microflora affects the development of tumors through the mechanisms of gut and microflora metabolites, gene toxins and signaling pathways. The present article aimed to review the components and mechanisms of action, clinical applications, and biological targets of gut microbiota in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment. The present review provides novel insights for the future use of intestinal flora, to regulate the tumor microenvironment, to intervene in the occurrence, development, treatment and prognosis of tumors.

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BACKGROUND: In recent years, health monitoring systems (HMS) have aroused great interest due to their broad prospects in preventive medicine. As an important component of HMS, flexible force sensors (FFS) with high flexibility and stretch-ability can monitor vital health parameters and detect physical movements. AIM OF REVIEW: In this review, the novel materials, the advanced additive manufacturing technologies, the selective sensing mechanisms and typical applications in both wearable and implantable HMS are discussed. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS AND IMPORTANT FINDINGS OF REVIEW: We recognized that the next generation of the FFS will have higher sensitivity, wider linear range as well as better durability, self-power supplied and multifunctional integrated. In conclusion, the FFS will provide powerful socioeconomic benefits and improve people's quality of life in the future.

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The Guarding field theory is a unique theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of surgical diseases such as scabies, sores and gangrene. The hooping in place is the best performance of Guarding field theory. This paperreviews the research progress of Guarding field theory from the aspects of theoretical research, basic research, clinical research in recent years, which shows the connotation of this theory has been expanded. and the generalized concept of Guarding field theory refers to human's healthy Qi, and the field theory has been widely used in treating diseases likemalignant tumor, postoperative anorectal infection, refractory wound to guide clinical treatment.

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Objective To study the protective effects ofcatalpol on cardiomyocytes in type 2 diabetic rats.Methods Based on the method of random number table,8-wee k-old SD rats were randomly divided into normal group (10 rats) and experimental group (90 rats).The rats in the experimental group that were fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet for 8 weeks were injected intraperitoneally with STZ (15 mg/kg),with fasting blood glucose≥16.7mmol/L as a model for type 2 diabetes.Then based on fasting blood glucose and body weight,the rats meeting the criteria of type 2 diabete mellitus were randomy divided into five group,namely,the model group,the control group,the low or medium and high doses of the catalpol group,and there were 12 rats in each group.The normal group and the model group were filled with distilled water (5 ml/kg·d,the control group were treated with metformin (90 mg/kg·d),and Low,medium and high dose group were intragastric administration of Catalpol(2.5,5,10 mg/kg·d).Then,the level of glucose,myocardial oxidative stress related protein,cardiac strcture and function change were measured after 12 weeks of intervention in rats.Results Compared with the model group,the level of fasting blood glucose in catalpol low,medium and high dose groups was significantly lower (P＜0.05).The levels of SOD (197.43 ± 8.85 U/ml,186.54 ± 5.89 U/ml,175.62 ± 7.67 U/ml vs.157.75 ±11.29 U/ml) in myocardial tissue of those groups significantly increased (P＜0.05),the levels of MDA (7.26 ±0.72 nmol/mg,8.58 ± 0.93 nmol/mg,10.62 ± 0.59 nmol/mg vs.14.80 ± 0.71 nmol/mg) in myocardial tissue of those groups significantly decreased (P＜0.05),the E/A value (1.25 ± 0.18,1.09 ± 0.14,0.97 ± 0.11 vs.0.51 ±0.11) in those groups significantly increased (P＜0.05),the E/E'values (12.33 ± 0.73,13.26 ± 1.07,14.73 ± 1.23 vs.20.54 ± 1.64) and the IVRT (21.90 ± 2.60 ms,22.05 ± 2.84 ms,24.42 ± 2.22 ms vs.27.40 ± 2.81 ms) in those groups significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Conclusions The catalpol can reduce oxidative stress,improve cardiac function and protect cardiomyocytes.

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The Establishment and improvement of the scientific research incentive mechanism is the key to optimize the internal management, improve the performance, enhance the core competitiveness of the hospital.Research time and energy is limited because University Affiliated Hospital Medical Staff are in charge of medical treatment, teaching and scientific research.It's very important to mobilize the scientific research enthusiasm of the medical staff by using the scientific research incentive mechanism and promote the scientific research strength of hospital.This paper introduced the scientific research incentive mechanism and the achievements in the Second Affiliated Hospital of The Xinjiang Medical University.The exploration and thinking on the results and the existing problems are proposed in the paper.

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significant for the precaution of gastric cancer risk population. Aims:To explore gastric cancer susceptibility gene profiling in an area in Shanghai,and to assess the risk of gastric cancer susceptibility. Methods:A total of 152 patients with primary gastric cancer at Shanghai Pudong Hospital were enrolled,and 152 demographic characteristics matched patients with non-gastrointestinal diseases,non-tumor were served as controls. Gene polymorphism was determined by allele specific polymerase chain reaction. Susceptibility gene of gastric cancer was screened. Multiple genes interactions were analyzed and multiple genes risk was evaluated by DEMCHUK model. Results:Univariate analysis showed that CYP2E1,NAT2M1,NAT2M2,NAT2,XRCC1194,MTHFRA1298C,VDR TaqⅠ were susceptibility genes of gastric cancer. Multivariate analysis showed that CYP2E1(C1/ C1),NAT2M1(T/ T),NAT2M2(A/ A),XRCC1194( T/ T)and MTHFRA1298C(A/ C)were susceptibility genotypes. Synergistic effect was found between genes except MTHFRA1298C (A/ C)with NAT2M1(T/ T)and NAT2M2(A/ A)(P ﹤0. 05). Multiple genes risk analysis showed that combination OR of multiple genes was highly correlated with gene frequency,and the risk of gastric cancer was increased with the increasing number of susceptibility genes. Conclusions:CYP2E1(C1/ C1),NAT2M1(T/ T),NAT2M2( A/ A),XRCC1194( T/ T) and MTHFRA1298C( A/ C) are susceptibility genotypes of gastric cancer. Carrying multiple susceptibility genes can significantly increase the risk of gastric cancer.

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Objective To observe the clinical change of cytokines expression in peripheral blood in patients with allergic asthma and its significance .Methods Forty patients with allergic asthma and thirty healthy controls were enrolled .The concentrations of IL‐17 ,IL‐22 and IL‐10 in peripheral blood were measured by ELISA ;the serum IgE levels were measured by electrochemical lumi‐nescence method ;The eosinophil proportion was detected by blood cell analyzer ;the IL‐17 ,IL‐22 ,IL‐10 and the severity of asthma were conducted Pearson correlation analysis .Results The level of serum IgE and eosinophil proportion was significantly higher in patients with allergic asthma compared with the controls (P<0 .05);compared with the control group ,the concentration of IL‐17 and IL‐22 in peripheral blood of patients with allergic asthma were increased ,but the expression of IL‐10 were decreased (P<0 .05);the level of IL‐17 and IL‐22 were positively correlated with severity of allergic asthma (P<0 .01) ,but the level of IL‐10 was negatively correlated with severity of allergic asthma (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The expression of IL‐17 ,IL‐22 and IL‐10 play an im‐portant role in the pathogenetic mechanism of allergic asthma ,and a dynamic monitoring could be helpful for the diagnoses and treatment of allergic asthma .

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Researches have demonstrated that gradually increased morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease may be related to vitamin D deficiency.But there are few randomized controlled studies about preventing cardiovas-cular events via vitamin D supplementation.This article summarizes investigate progress for related matter recently.

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Objective The paper proposed suggestions and measures for hospital scientific research management by statistical analyzing all the papers published from 2009 to 2013.Method By referring to research database of this hospital and by using Microsoft Excel,this research calculated the frequency distributions of different variables including quantity,publisher,disciplinary subject,and the author title as well as core author.Result 772 papers were published from 2009 to 2013,mainly in local periodicals.75.52％ of the title of first author are high-level or intermediate-level;86 core authors published 378 papers,account for 48.96％ of the total amount.Conclusion The number of research papers is increasing year by year.but the quantity and quality are still low.The research administorsshould take measures to encourage researchers to publish quality papers in periodicals with higher standards.

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Patients receiving long-term anticoagulation therapy of vitamin K antagonist (VKA)may face risk of bleeding when receive surgery or invasive operation,and perioperative interruption of VKA may increase risk of thromboembolism.Bridging anticoagulation therapy with therapeutic dose of heparin group drugs may avoid throm-boembolic events induced by temporary interruption of VKA therapy during perioperative period.This article made a relative discussion.

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Atrial fibrillation (AF)is a strong risk factor for ischemic cerebral stroke.Some inherent defects of War-farin limit its clinic application,which accelerates research and development of new oral anticoagulants,such as Dabigatran,Apixaban,Rivaroxaban and Edoxaban etc..This article made an overview for these.

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Objective To investigate the efficacy of sophocarpine in rats with alcoholic liver disease and its effects on the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,interleukin (IL)-6 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1.Methods A total of 48 male Sprague-Dawley adult rats were evenly divided into healthy control group,model group,prevention group and treatment group.The rats in the healthy control group were gavaged with 0.9％NaCl every day for 12 weeks.The rats in the model group,prevention group and treatment group were gavaged with alcohol for 12 weeks to establish the model.The prevention group was injected with 20 mg · kg1 · d1 sophocarpine for 12 weeks.Since the fifth week,the treatment group was continuously injected with 20 mg · kg1 · d-1 sophocarpine for eight weeks.The histological changes were evaluated.The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase ( AST ), alkaline phosphatase (AKP),triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were examined.And the expression of TNF-α,IL-6 and TGF-β1 in liver tissue at mRNA and protein level were detected with immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.Comparison among groups was perform with single factor analysis of variance,pairwise comparisons with least significant difference method (LSD method),ranked data with Kruskal-Wallis H-test and multiple pairwise comparison with Nemenyi test.Results Compared with model group,hepatic steatosis and inflammatory cell infiltration were significantly improved in the treatment group and prevention group.The levels of ALT (41.40 U/L± 10.53 U/L and 40.75 U/L±6.94 U/L vs 58.37 U/I±5.35 U/L),AST(121.60 U/L±16.24 U/L and 109.50 U/L±9.23 U/L vs 156.63 U/L±32.47 U/L),AKP(114.88 U/L±40.37 U/L and 112.60 U/L±44.34 U/L vs 161.75 U/L±28.95 U/L),TG (4.19 mmol/L±0.99 mmol/L and 2.69 mmol/L± 1.35 mmol/L vs 4.50 mmol/L±0.99 mmol/L) and TC (1.48 mmol/L±0.28 mmol/L and 1.43 mmol/L±0.19 mmol/L vs 1.67 mmol/L±0.20 mmol/L) significantly decreased and the difference was statistically significant ( all P＜0.05).The expression of TNF-α,IL-6 and TGF-β1 at mRNA and protein level in liver tissue of model group were significantly higher than those of healthy control group,prevention group and treatment group.After treated with sophocarpine,the expression of TNF-α(mRNA:1.36 ± 0.08,1.16 ± 0.05 ; protein:3.38 ％ ± 0.82 ％,1.74 ％ ± 0.65 ％ ),IL-6 (mRNA:1.51 ± 0.05,1.39 ± 0.02; protein:5.89％ ± 0.96％,4.26％ ± 0.53％) and TGF-β1 (mRNA:1.39±0.04,1.37±0.02; protein:4.27％ ±0.97％,2.11％ ±0.83％) of treatment group and prevention group at mRNA and protein level significantly lower than those of model group (mRNA:1.81±0.16,1.95 ±0.13,1.84±0.22; protein:5.82％ ± 1.21％,7.63％ ±1.03％,5.33％± 1.12％) and the difference was statistically significant (all P＜0.01).Conclusion Sophocarpine significantly alleviates alcohol induced liver injury in rats,improves liver steatosis and inflammatory reaction degree,which may be related with the downregulation of TNF-α,TGF-β1 and IL-6 expression in liver tissue of ALD rats.

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Objective To determine the levels of plasma histamine and oxidative status in patients with dermatographism before and after the treatment with anti-histamine drugs. Methods Totally, 85 patients with dermatographism were randomly divided into two groups to receive oral desloratadine and cetirizine respectively for 4 weeks. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect the plasma level of histamine, superoxide dismutases (SOD), glutathion peroxidase (GSH-PX) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in all the patients before and after the treatment and in 15 normal human controls. The efficacy of desloratadine and cetirizine for dermatographism was estimated. Results The response rate was 83.72% and 78.57% in patients treated with desloratadine and those with cetirizine, respectively (x2 = 0.369, P> 0.05). The untreated patients with dermatographism showed an elevation in the plasma level of histamine (3.87 ± 1.21 ng/ml vs. 1.76 ± 0.56 ng/ml, P< 0.05) and MDA (3.86 ± 1.03 nmol/ml vs. 2.19 ± 0.82 nmol/ml, P< 0.05), but a decline in the activity of SOD (86.29 ± 19.9 U/ml vs. 112.12 ± 27.88 U/ml, P< 0.05) and GSH-PX (74.52 ± 47.67 vs.915.06 ± 115.96, P< 0.05) compared with the normal human controls. The treatment with antihistamine induced a reduction in the plasma level of histamine (1.61 ± 0.47 ng/ml vs. 3.87 ± 1.21 ng/ml, P< 0.05) and MDA (2.65 ± 0.77 nmol/ml vs. 3.86 ± 1.03 nmol/ml, P< 0.05), but an increment in the activity of GSH-PX (921.46 ± 157.37 vs.74.52 ± 47.67, P < 0.05) with no changes of SOD in patients with dermatographism. Conclusions In patients with dermatographism, plasma histamine is increased and there is an imbalance of oxidation-antioxidation.Desloratadine and cetirizine are effective for the treatment of dermatographism.

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Background and purpose:Now 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3DCRT)and intensitymodulated radiotherapy(IMRT)are widely used in the treatment of head and neck tumor.For the parotid,this target area is located on the side of the head and the tumor has a concave shape.What kind of radiation method can be used more eriectively to achieve dose uniformity and protection organs at risk is the topic of much discussion.The postoperative irradiation of parotid tumor is varied in the techniques used.In this study,3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT),intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT)and simplified forward planned multi-segment radiotherapy (MSRT)were compared to conventional planning techniques in order to investigate the potential advantages of these new treatments.Methods:The conventional planning included the large opposed lateral fields with 2 or 3 weight ratio at the target lateral(2F-2D)and the unilateral field with mixture of 6 MV photon and electron beams(X+E).The 3D techniques included 3DCRT,MSRT and IMRT.Their dose distributions were calculated and compared for 8 patients treated in our center.Different beam arrangements were used for 3D techniques.In each case.the dose of PTV was prescribed to 60 Gy.All plans were compared using dose-volume histogram data.The conformity index(CI)and heterogeneity index(HI)of dose were used to evaluate the dose coverage of the target volume.Dose sparing of brain stem.spinal cord and the contra lateral parotid was also compared.To compare IMRT and MS RT,the timing ofplanning and radiation delivery was recorded.Results:Compared to conventional planning,the 3DCRT,MSRT and IMRT plans produced adequate target coverage,and the CI showed 3DCRT plans(0.78)produced poorer target coverage than MSRT(0.81)and IMRT(0.85).MRST and IMRT plans showed a significant reduction in maximum dose to the spinal cord,brainstem and the contra lateral parotid,compared to the conventional plans,while the 3DCRT plan did not show significant sparing of these structures.MSRT and IMRT plans produced better dose coverage among all the techniques.The efficacy of beam delivery comparing between two modulated planning showed MSRT was better.Conclusion:For postoperative irradiation of parotid cancer,3D planning techniques generated better target dose-coverage,without compromising the dose-sparing advantages of important structures.A satisfactory dose distribution can be obtained using MSRT and such a simple technique may be suitable for replacing IMRT.

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To investigate the synergistic effect of tetrandrine (TET) to the anti-Trichophyton mentagrophytes activity of econazole (ECZ) in vivo,animal model of dermatophytosis in guinea pig was established by inoculating Trichophyton mentagrophytes conidia.These 40 infected animals were divided into 4 groups randomly and from Day 5 after inoculation,they were treated with the following formulations once per day for successive 14 days: 1% econazole and 1% tetrandrine compound cream (1%ECZ+1%TET group),1% econazole cream (1%ECZ group),1%TET cream (1%TET group) and matrix cream (matrix group).The alterations in the skin lesions and the pathological changes were observed.From the 4~(th) day of drugs applying,the tendency of lesion score about 1%ECZ+1%TET group continued to decline.On the 14~(th) day of drugs applying,the lesion score decreased to 0.75.There was a similarity between 1%ECZ+1%TET group and 1%ECZ group in tendency of lesion score,but more reduction was appeared in 1%ECZ+1%TET group than in 1%ECZ group (mean 0.75 VS 2.00) with obviously statistical difference (P=0.037).The culture results of skin sections and the pathological changes in 1%ECZ+1%TET group were less than those of other 3 groups.It's predicted that there is a synergistic effect of tetrandrine to the anti-Trichophyton mentagrophytes of econazole in animal model of dermatophytosis in guinea pig.

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Objective: To study the expression of negative costimulatroy molecule B7-H4 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and its relationship with the clinical features of NSCLC. Methods: Fifty-two NSCLC specimens from pa-tients who were pathologically diagnosed in our hospital during January 2008 to April 2009 were included in the present study. B7-H4 expression and infiltration of CD3~+ T cells in NSCLC tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between B7-H4 expression, CD3~+ T infiltration, and the clinical features of NSCLC was studied. Results: The positive rate of B7-H4 in 52 NSCLC tissues was 48.08% (25/52), and B7-H4 expression in normal lung tissues was neg-ative or low (P <0.05). B7-H4 expression was positively correlated with the clinical tumor stages and lymph node metas-tasis of NSCLC (P < 0.05), and negatively correlated with tumor infiltration of CD3~+ T cells (P < 0.05), but had no re-lationship with clinicopathologie parameters of NSCLC (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Negative costimulatroy molecule B7-H4 may play important roles in the development of NSCLC. Positive expression of BT-H4 is correlated with the clinical tumor stages and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC, which provides a foundation for diagnosis and therapy of NSCLC.

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Objective To evaluate effect of humanized nursing on psychological state of patients with chronic urticaria receiving autohemotherapy. Methods 58 cases with chronic urticaria in our hos-pital were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 29 cases in each group, the control group was treated with conventional care, the observation group received conventional care combined with humanized nursing. The anxiety, depression and satisfaction degree were compared for these two groups and the data went through χ2 test and t test. Results The score of self- rating anxiety scale (SAS) and serf-rating depression scale (SDS) of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, the satisfaction rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the con-trol group. Conclusions Application of humanized nursing in patients with chronic urticaria receiving autohemotherapy can reduce their anxiety and depression and has pivotal significance on treatment of pa-tients with chronic urticaria.

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The specific primers and Taqman probe were designed and synthesized according to the UL31 gene sequence available in GenBank(EF417996).The fragment is 76 bp.A Taq Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay was established for detection of Duck Plague Virus DNA based on DNA copy obtained from attenuated vaccine strain as a positive template.The sensitivity of the test for DEV is 2.1 × 100-2.1 × 109 copies.The minimum detection limit is 2.1 copies(2.1 fg).Tissues,excrement and blood of 4 ducks challenged with DEV were detected repeatly 3 times by this method.All results were positive (3/3).The specificity of the assay was proven based on no amplification by detecting DNA from normal duck cells,duck viral hepatitis virus,Pasteurella,E.coli,S.gall inarum,Newcastle disease virus,goosling plague virus et ai.The whole process of the test could be completed within 4 hours.It brings about quantification detection of DEV DNA.

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Objective To establish a biological model with nanostructure and to investigate the characteristics of the thermal conduction by radio frequency electromagnetic radiation upon the model for the exploration of the possible mechanism of microwave non thermal effect. Methods The prepared nanogold labeled RNase S sample was analyzed by routine hydrolytic ability of poly c and CD spectroscopy. After confirmation of the successful recombination of the enzymatic structure and the recovery of the enzyme activity, thermal effects of RF on the sample, water and air were compared. Results The biological model designed and prepared by us satisfactorily simulated the native RNase A in both recovery of enzyme activity and conformation. Air sample in air bathing possessed an exponent decreasing function for thermal dispersion and an exponent increasing function for RF thermal effect. The redistilled water sample had a linear increasing function for RF thermal effect. Meanwhile, nanogold labeled RNase S in water bathing kept constant for RF thermal effect. Conclusion Micro eddy current local heating might occur in microstructure consisting of nanometal cluster. A biological macromolecule with nanostructure, acting as a source of thermal radiation and conduction, might resonantly interact with some changeable domains nearby, so the biological model keeps isothermal during RF heating. This may be a possible mechanism of nonthermal effect for microwave and other physical factors.