RESUMEN
Paecilomyces hepiali is a precious health-care edible medicinal fungus with rich polysaccharides and exhibits various biological activities. Polysaccharides from P. hepiali fermentation broth (PHP) exhibits good immunomodulatory activity; however, the mechanism underlying PHP-mediated regulation of immunity and gut microbiota remains unclear. To reveal the mechanisms, PHP of different doses were used to intervene cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressive model mice. The results revealed that PHP facilitated the secretion of serum cytokines, increased the mRNA and protein expression of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, it improved the physical barrier function of the intestine by upregulating the expression of tight junction proteins. PHP increased the proliferation of beneficial bacteria, including, Actinobacteriota, Alistipes, Candidatus_Saccharimonas and unclassified_Clostridia_vadinBB60_group, and reduced the abundance of Proteobacteria, Deferribacterota, Mucispirillum and Escherichia_Shigella, promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids, which were positively associated with immune traits. Thus, as an immune enhancer, PHP has the potential to regulate the intestinal immune response in immunosuppressed mice through modulating gut microbiota.
Asunto(s)
Ciclofosfamida , Polisacáridos Fúngicos , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Paecilomyces , Animales , Ciclofosfamida/farmacología , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Paecilomyces/química , Polisacáridos Fúngicos/farmacología , Citocinas/metabolismo , Masculino , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Receptor Toll-Like 4/metabolismo , Receptor Toll-Like 4/genética , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Polisacáridos/farmacologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Yellow leaf green tea (YLGT) is a new variety of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze, which has yellow leaves and the unique qualities of 'three green through three yellow'. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-obesity effect of YLGT in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and to explore the potential mechanisms by regulating the AMPK/ACC/SREBP1c signaling pathways and gut microbiota. RESULTS: The results showed that YLGT aqueous extract reduced body weight, hepatic inflammation, fat accumulation and hyperlipidemia in HFD-induced C57BL/6J mice, and also accelerated energy metabolism, reduced fat synthesis and suppressed obesity by activating the AMPK/CPT-1α signaling pathway and inhibiting the FAS/ACC/SREBP-1c signaling pathway. Fecal microbiota transplantation experiment further confirmed that the alteration of gut microbiota (e.g. increasing unclassified_Muribaculaceae and decreasing Colidextribacter) might be an important cause of YLGT water extract inhibiting obesity. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, YLGT has a broad application prospect in the treatment of obesity and the development of anti-obesity function beverages. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.