RESUMEN
Rude and disrespectful behaviors are ubiquitous and pervasive in the workplace. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of witnessed rudeness on dental student psychomotor performance. Using an experimental, between-subjects design, 71 2nd (Sophomore) year dental students witnessed either an experimental (rude) or control (neutral) condition in which a confederate lab manager interacted in a rude or neutral manner with a prospective lab assistant candidate. Students then performed a mock prosthodontics psychomotor examination as part of the fixed prosthodontics preclinical course. Results indicated that those students who arrived at the experimental session cognitively depleted (+1 SD above the mean) and were exposed to the rude condition were significantly more likely to make critical errors when performing a posterior bridge preparation, compared to those students in the control group. There were no significant differences between the rude and control conditions for participants who were not cognitively depleted (-1 SD below the mean). Overall, the findings indicate that for those dental students suffering from cognitive depletion, merely witnessing rudeness can have adverse impacts on psychomotor performance and potentially, eventual patient care.
Asunto(s)
Incivilidad , Estudiantes de Odontología , Humanos , Estudios Prospectivos , ProstodonciaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to: (1) describe the demographics and oral characteristics of deaf or blind children and adolescents receiving dental treatment at an institution for the deaf and blind (DBC); (2) compare this information to children and adolescents with no systemic disease or impairments attending a dental university clinic (UC); and (3) compare the oral characteristics between visually or auditorily impaired children and adolescents. METHODS: The demographics and oral characteristics of 120 DBC patients and 119 UC patients and between 35 visually impaired and 85 auditorily impaired were compared using analysis of variance, chi-square, Fisher's exact, and multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: When controlling for age, there was no statistically significant difference between the UC and the DBC patients regarding caries prevalence. A significantly higher proportion of DBC children had gingival inflammation. Visually impaired patients had a statistically higher level of dependence on caretakers and higher gingivitis and plaque scores than the auditorily impaired. CONCLUSIONS: Under oral health supervision, children and adolescents with or without hearing or visual impairment develop similar dental caries prevalence. Oral hygiene and resulting gingival inflammation are a challenge for the visually impaired and, to a lesser degree, the auditorily impaired.
Asunto(s)
Atención Dental para Niños/estadística & datos numéricos , Niños con Discapacidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Salud Bucal/estadística & datos numéricos , Personas con Deficiencia Auditiva/estadística & datos numéricos , Personas con Daño Visual/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Índice CPO , Caries Dental/epidemiología , Placa Dental/epidemiología , Índice de Placa Dental , Dentición Mixta , Dentición Permanente , Femenino , Florida/epidemiología , Gingivitis/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Gravedad del Paciente , Índice Periodontal , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Diente Primario , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
This study tested the hypothesis that short-term exposure to acidic drinks can reduce enamel surface hardness, and that subsequent brushing with toothpaste can cause detectable loss of enamel. Enamel specimens (three groups per storage medium) were immersed in one of four acidic drinks for five seconds, one minute, or 10 minutes. The pH values of all four drinks were measured. Six microhardness indentations were made on each specimen before immersion (baseline), after immersion, and after brushing with toothpaste. Changes in surface microhardness were expressed as the ratio of hardness values after each treatment to the baseline value of each specimen. Two-way ANOVA showed that both storage medium and duration of immersion influenced the ratio significantly. One-way ANOVA showed that the ratio was reduced significantly with increased time of immersion in drinks with a pH =2.8, but the ratio reduction was not significant in drinks with a pH =3.3. Subsequent brushing removed the softened layer and exposed intact surface underneath. Although short-term exposure (~5 seconds) did not significantly affect the surface hardness values, it left a lightly etched enamel surface among specimens immersed in acidic drinks with a low pH. Subsequent brushing could still cause detectable loss of enamel surface after multiple exposures.