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OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the global research landscape of prehabilitation, identifying current trends, dominant disciplines, collaborative networks, and prominent articles in the field. DESIGN: For our analysis, we employed the published prehabilitation literature indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection database, spanning from 2002 to 2022. Additionally, we utilized CiteSpace (version 6.2; Drexel University), a widely used information visualization software to perform bibliometric analysis. RESULTS: Analyzing 553 research articles, we observe a consistent upward trend in prehabilitation publication and citation activity. Interdisciplinary co-occurrence analysis highlights strong connections with fields such as surgery, rehabilitation, oncology, sports sciences, orthopedics, gastroenterology, and hepatology. Initially centered around postoperative outcomes in major abdominal surgeries, particularly for colorectal, pancreatic, and prostate cancers, prehabilitation research expanded to include thoracic surgeries, focusing on conditions like lung cancer and aortic valve replacement. Preoperative exercise remains a core area, with increasing interest in multimodal prehabilitation and its effectiveness based on patient group characteristics. North America and Western Europe emerge as primary contributors to prehabilitation research. CONCLUSION: Current research concentrates on tailoring prehabilitation programs for specific groups, and broadening their geographical scope would enhance the studies, contributing valuable insights for medical practitioners shaping future research efforts.

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We aimed to assess the quality and reliability of pressure injury-related videos uploaded on YouTube, analyse the sources and contents, and examine the correlation between video parameters. We searched YouTube using two keywords, "pressure ulcer" and "pressure sore", on August 20, 2022. We sorted the videos according to their number of views and included the top 100 videos for each keyword. The quality of videos was assessed using the Global Quality Scale (GQS), while their reliability was evaluated by the modified DISCERN (mDISCERN) tool. In addition, we evaluated the videos in which content was included, analysed the correlations and differences between GQS, mDISCERN, and video parameters. We initially found a total of 100 videos for each keyword and finally included and analysed 77 videos. The mean scores for the mDISCERN and GQS were 2.35 ± 0.98 and 3.09 ± 0.99, respectively. Both GQS and mDISCERN showed statistically significant correlations with each other (rho = 0.54, p < 0.0001*) and with the length of the videos, respectively (rho = 0.36, p = 0.001*), (rho = 0.29, p = 0.01*). Of the videos created by physicians, 8 (57.1%) included content related to treatment, while of the videos created by nonphysician health personnel, 22 (57.9%) included content related to prevention. Analysing whether there were differences in video parameters based on the sources, we observed significant differences between sources in GQS (p < 0.0001*), mDISCERN (p < 0.0001*), and video length (p = 0.001*). In the post-hoc analysis, videos uploaded by physicians or nonphysician health personnel showed higher quality and reliability than videos uploaded by other sources. Therefore, the results of this study could be useful for healthcare providers, as well as patients and caregivers, to search for high-quality and reliable YouTube videos related to pressure injury.

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This cross-sectional study, conducted at a tertiary care hospital's rehabilitation clinic, aimed to validate Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) results obtained through plantar pressure analysis using commercial smart insoles (SPPB-SI) and to compare these results to manually acquired results by an experienced examiner (SPPB-M). This study included 40 independent-walking inpatients and outpatients aged 50 or older. SPPB-SI and SPPB-M were administered concurrently, with the smart insoles providing plantar pressure data that were converted into time-pressure curves. Two interpreters assessed the curves, determining component completion times for the SPPB-SI scores. Among the 40 participants (mean age: 72.98, SD: 9.27), the mean total SPPB-SI score was 7.72 ± 2.50, and the mean total SPPB-M score was 7.95 ± 2.63. The time recordings and measured scores of each SPPB-SI component exhibited high reliability with inter- and intra-interpreter correlation coefficients of 0.9 and 0.8 or higher, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficient between the total SPPB-SI and SPPB-M scores was 0.831 (p < 0.001), and that between the component scores of the two measurements ranged from 0.837 to 0.901 (p < 0.001). Consistent correlations with geriatric functional parameters were observed for both SPPB-SI and SPPB-M. This study underscores the potential of commercial smart insoles as reliable tools for conducting SPPB assessments.

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Background: As the number of individuals suffering from cognitive diseases continues to rise, dealing with the diminished cognitive function that comes with age has become a serious public health concern. While the use of mobile applications (apps) as digital treatments for cognitive training shows promise, the analysis of their content and quality remains unclear. Objective: The aim of this study was to systematically search and assess cognitive training apps using the multidimensional mobile app rating scale (MARS) to rate objective quality and identify critical points. Methods: A search was conducted on the Google Play Store and Apple App Store in February 2022 using the terms "cognitive training" and "cognitive rehabilitation." The cognitive domains provided by each app were analyzed, and the frequency and percentage according to the apps were obtained. The MARS, a mHealth app quality rating tool including multidimensional measures, was used to analyze the quality of the apps. The relationship between the MARS score, the number of reviews, and 5-star ratings were examined. Results: Of the 53 apps, 52 (98 %) included memory function, 48 (91 %) included attention function, 24 (45 %) included executive function, and 19 (36 %) included visuospatial function. The mean (SD) scores of MARS, 5-star ratings, and reviews of 53 apps were 3.09 (0.61), 4.33 (0.30), and 62,415.43 (121,578.77). From the between-section comparison, engagement (mean 2.97, SD 0.68) obtained lower scores than functionality (mean 3.18, SD 0.62), aesthetics (mean 3.13, SD 0.72), and information (mean 3.11, SD 0.54). The mean quality score and reviews showed a statistically significant association (r = 0.447 and P = .001*). As the number of domains increased, the mean quality score showed a statistically significant increasing trend (P = .002*). Conclusions: Most apps provided training for the memory and attention domains, but few apps included executive function or visuospatial domains. The quality of the apps improved significantly when more domains were provided, and was positively associated with the number of reviews received. These results could be useful for the future development of mobile apps for cognitive training.

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This study was performed to review which mHealth apps that improve brace-wearing compliance are currently available, and to carry out their quality assessments by listing their functionalities. We found ten mHealth apps in the literature review and commercial mHealth apps market (Google Play and App store). Then, the quality of these apps was evaluated by their transparency, health content, excellent technical content, security/privacy, issues of usability, and subjective ratings (THESIS) scale, and the functionalities of the included apps were reviewed. Regarding these functionalities, four categories (data acquisition, compliance enhancement, educational components, and additional functionalities) and twelve subcategories were identified. The mean overall quality of the apps was 3.00 out of 5. Although four of the apps achieved a score of 3.0 or more for their overall quality, indicating an acceptable quality, none of the apps scored higher than 4.0, which indicated a high or excellent quality. According to the sections, the transparency section had the highest rating (3.92) and the security/privacy section received the lowest rating (2.02). Given that the overall quality of current mHealth apps was not high, and their potential to motivate patients with idiopathic scoliosis to adhere to their bracing treatment, it is necessary to develop high-quality apps with appropriate functionalities for supporting brace treatment.

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In South Korea Long-Term Care Insurance (LTCI) system, the special dementia rating (SDR) is a registration grading for dementia patients who do not have a physical disability or functional restrictions and is the first applicable registration following the diagnosis of dementia. We investigated the differences in age of registration of SDR and age of dementia diagnosis according to the educational level and residential area. This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service dataset. Applications for SDR between July 2014 and December 2016 were identified for participant selection, and 32,352 patients with dementia were included. Educational levels were defined as follows: the illiterate, only-reading, 1 to 6 years, 6 to 12 years, and ≥12 years. Urban residents were those who lived in the city, as ascertained from the Korean administrative district system. The primary outcomes were ages at the time of dementia diagnosis and SDR registration. A lower education level significantly correlated with a higher proportion of older adults, but a higher number of years of education significantly increased with the proportion of males and urban residents (P < .001 for all). A higher education level was inversely associated with the age at diagnosis of dementia (P < .001) and at the registration of SDR (P < .001). Urban residents were diagnosed with dementia at a significantly lower age and registered for SDR earlier than rural residents (P < .001 for both). Both urban and rural residents consistently showed that a higher educational level was associated with lower age at the dementia diagnosis and SDR registration. Patients who were highly educated and living in urban areas were diagnosed with dementia and registered on SDR when they were relatively younger, indicating that cognitive decline sensitivity and medical accessibility are related to earlier dementia diagnosis and registration.

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This study aimed to objectively assess YouTube videos' quality, reliability, and information delivery capability regarding novel spinal muscular atrophy treatments. Using the keywords "nusinersen", "spinraza", "ridisplam", "evrysdi", "onasemnogene abeparvovec", and "zolgensma", we were able to retrieve and screen 360 videos before settling on a final sample of 99 on 25 September 2022. Then, two independent raters used the mDISCERN and GQS instruments to evaluate the videos' reliability and quality and the Information Delivery Capability (IDC) score to assess the videos' accuracy and patient-friendliness. The quality, reliability, and information delivery capability of the videos about the new treatment for SMA were quite heterogeneous, with an average mDISCERN, GQS, and IDC score of 3.172 ± 0.899, 2.980 ± 1.025, and 4.141 ± 1.747, respectively. In-depth analysis showed that healthcare expert videos that explained contents while showing infographic supplements had good quality, reliability, and information delivery capability. As YouTube is already a dominant media platform, the public may obtain new information about novel therapeutics for SMA through YouTube. It is necessary to consider how SMA patients and caregivers can choose trusted sources with reliable information on YouTube, and our results can provide clues. Additionally, experts should strive to provide more accurate, reliable, and patient-oriented videos.

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This study aimed to evaluate the reliability, overall quality, and educational value of online videos for learning the techniques related to shoulder injection treatments and analyzing the usability of video evaluation tools for musculoskeletal injections. Online video searches were performed in February 2022 using the terms "shoulder injection", "glenohumeral joint injection", "acromioclavicular joint injection", and "subacromial bursa injection." Included videos were scored by modified DISCERN (mDISCERN), global quality score (GQS), and shoulder injection score (SIS). Correlations between scoring systems were analyzed. Of the 150 videos, 49 (32.67%) contained highly reliable information. Regarding the assessment of overall quality by the GQS, 109 (72.67%) videos were of low quality. Regarding SIS, 114 (76.00%) scored not >5, of which 77 (51.33%) scored <3. Most of the SIS domains were fully explained in <40% of the included videos. A weak positive relationship was noted between the mDISCERN and SIS (r2 = 0.38), while a moderately positive relationship was observed between the GQS and SIS (r2 = 0.49). The majority of online videos about shoulder injection treatment showed low reliability, overall quality, and educational value. Additionally, a new scoring system is required to accurately evaluate musculoskeletal injection videos for educational purposes.

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This study aimed to systematically assess the informational reliability, quality, and educational suitability of videos introducing scoliosis exercises on TikTok. We retrieved and screened 1904 TikTok videos with the hashtags: "#scoliosis", "#scoliosisexercise", and "#scoliosistips", before collecting a final sample of 171 scoliosis exercises in March 2022. Then, two independent raters assessed the reliability and quality of the videos using the DISCERN instrument and evaluated the educational suitability of the information using "Scoliosis Exercise Education Score" (SEES; exercise cycle, target, effect, precaution, and rationale). None of the videos were rated as excellent or good according to DISCERN. The mean SEES score was 2.02 out of 5. Videos uploaded by health organizations had significantly lower DISCERN and SEES scores than those by general users and healthcare professionals. Regarding the propriety of physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises (PSSE), DISCERN and SEES scores were significantly higher in the PSSE proper group than in the PSSE non-proper group. Although TikTok has become a popular source of scoliosis-related information, the overall information quality, reliability, and educational suitability of videos on scoliosis exercises in TikTok appear to be low, suggesting that TikTok is not suitable source for obtaining scoliosis exercise information.

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The purpose of this study was to report the clinical validation of the posture analyzing and virtual reconstruction device (PAViR) system, focusing on the accuracy of sagittal spinal parameters, compared with the EOS imaging system. Seventy patients diagnosed with segmental and somatic dysfunction were recruited between February 2020 and November 2020. Each patient was examined using the EOS imaging system and PAViR; the sagittal parameters of human body posture [forward head posture (FHP), T1 tilt angle (T1t), knee flexion angle (KF), lumbar lordosis angle (LL), and pelvic tilt angle (PT)] were analyzed to verify the correlation between the results of the two devices. The median differences in the results of the two devices showed significant differences in FHP (T4-frontal head and T4-auditory canal), T1t, and PT. In the correlation analysis, the values of FHP (C7-auditory canal, T4-frontal head, and T4-auditory canal), T1t, and PT showed a moderate correlation between the two devices (r = 0.741, 0.795, 0.761, 0.621, and 0.692, respectively) (p < 0.001). The KF and LL was fairly correlated (r = 0.514 and 0.536, respectively) (p = 0.004, both). This study presents the potential of a novel skeletal imaging system without radiation exposure, based on a 3D red-green-blue-depth camera (PAViR), as a next-generation diagnostic tool by estimating more accurate parameters through continuous multi-data-based upgrades with artificial intelligence technology.

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BACKGROUND: The use of YouTube for providing medical information is increasing, and patients with COPD are likely to use digital media to obtain information for their conditions. This study aimed to analyze the reliability and quality of the videos that were most frequently viewed by patients with COPD who searched YouTube for information on pulmonary rehabilitation. METHODS: A YouTube search was conducted by using the keyword "pulmonary rehabilitation." All the videos were categorized into 2 groups according to source and purpose. For evaluating the reliability and quality, the modified DISCERN score and the pulmonary rehabilitation for COPD-specific score (PRSS) were used, respectively. Differences of the variables between the groups and associations across the groups were examined. The influence of the variables of the videos on the engagement of viewers and viewership was analyzed. RESULTS: In total, 62 videos were analyzed. Most of the videos (54/62 [87%]) were uploaded by professionals and the remainder (8/62 [13%] by non-professionals. According to their purposes, 35 of 62 (56%) were informational and 27 of 62 (44%) were non-informational. The mean ± SD modified DISCERN score and the mean ± SD total the PRSS were 3.76 ± 1.04 and 4.13 ± 3.73, respectively. When comparing the videos according to professionalism, significant differences only in the modified DISCERN scores were observed. The engagement of viewers, viewership, mean modified DISCERN, mean total of the PRSS were significantly higher in the informational group than in the non-informational group. Video duration was positively correlated with engagement of viewers and viewership. CONCLUSIONS: Popular YouTube videos on pulmonary rehabilitation for COPD were reliable; however, they were biased and of low quality in terms of providing content. Given YouTube's advantage of easy accessibility and disadvantage of vulnerability to poor-quality information, professionals should pay more attention to uploading comprehensive high-quality videos for informational purposes.

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OBJECTIVE: To verify the suitability and reliability of YouTube videos pertaining to the 5 most commonly used knee stability tests for educational purposes. DESIGN: Cross-sectional observational study. SETTING: YouTube videos were categorized into 2 groups according to their sources: professional and nonprofessional groups. Only videos that satisfied the purpose and procedure parts among comprehensiveness scores were defined as suitable for educational purposes. For evaluating the reliability, the modified DISCERN was used. One-way analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare continuous and categorical variables, respectively. PARTICIPANTS: Research on YouTube videos (N=218) from November 13, 2019, to November 17, 2019, was done using the following keywords: "anterior drawer test knee," "Lachman test knee," "posterior drawer test," "valgus knee test," and "varus knee test." INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comprehensiveness score that focused on the purpose, procedure, interpretation, and limitations or precautions of the test were developed by the authors, and modified DISCERN score. RESULTS: In terms of the suitability for educational purposes, 126 videos (58%) were classified into the suitable group, and 92 (42%) were classified into the unsuitable group. Neither group had significantly more views, views per posting days, likes, dislikes, or posting days. When comparing the comprehensiveness and reliability scores of each group, significant differences between groups were identified. Only 47 videos met the limitations/precautions category. A total of 155 videos (71%) were from the professional group and 63 videos (29%) were from the nonprofessional group. Significant differences were found in views, views per posting days, likes, and dislikes between the professional group and nonprofessional group. CONCLUSIONS: YouTube should not be used for learning about knee stability tests. Professionals, especially those in rehabilitation medicine, should pay more attention to uploading high-quality videos with reliable content.

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