RESUMEN
Bison bonasus is an indigenous species of Central and Eastern Europe with the largest wild population inhabiting Bialowieza Primeval Forest; however, free-living and captive European bison are reared in many countries around the world. Despite that the European bison was rescued from the extinction after the First World War, it remains as endangered species. Changing environment as well as human activity may have contributed to the observed increase of the risk of the emergence and re-emergence of pathogens. The aim of the survey was to establish the distribution of four pathogens transmitted by arthropods including three arboviruses [Bluetongue disease virus (BTV), Epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV)] and a bacteria (Francisella tularensis) in the main populations of European bison in Poland. A total of 251 European bison originating from eight main populations were included in the study and sampled between February 2011 and December 2014. Serum samples originated from chemically immobilized, eliminated or dead by natural causes animals. Additionally, 65 cervids from Bialowieza Forest were tested to compare the seroprevalences of other ruminants inhabiting the same environment. The antibodies to SBV and BTV were found in 76.1% and 24.7% of European bison, respectively. In autumn 2012, simultaneous emergence of SBV and BTV in European bison was observed; however, while SBV has spread in all populations scattered around the country, BTV infections were observed only in the north-eastern part of Poland, where BTV cases have been previously reported in domestic ruminants. European bison age was found to be the only significant risk factor for SBV and BTV seroprevalences; however, this association was connected to the animal size, rather than to the length of exposure. None of the animals tested positive for antibodies against EHDV or F. tularensis. SBV exposure rate of cervids was much lower (35.4%) than in European bison, while BTV seroprevalence was comparable in both groups.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Arbovirus/veterinaria , Arbovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Bison , Francisella tularensis/aislamiento & purificación , Tularemia/veterinaria , Animales , Infecciones por Arbovirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Arbovirus/virología , Femenino , Masculino , Polonia/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Tularemia/epidemiología , Tularemia/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Forty four pigs with typical characteristics for false positive serolpgical reactions (FPSR) were examined for the presence of Yersinia enterocolitica O:9. The positive reactions were observed in rose bengal test (RBT, N = 23 sera), serum agglutination test (SAT, N = 16), complement fixation test (CFT, N = 9), indirect ELISA (i-ELISA, N= 11) in first, and in RBT (N = 14), SAT (N = 8), CFT (N = 7) and i-ELISA (N = 18) in second examination, respectively. In bacteriological examination Y enterocolitica was confirmed in 12 cases. Six of these isolates were identified with PCR as Y enterocolitica 0:9.
Asunto(s)
Brucelosis/veterinaria , Pruebas Serológicas/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/diagnóstico , Yersiniosis/veterinaria , Yersinia enterocolitica , Animales , Brucelosis/diagnóstico , Reacciones Falso Positivas , Femenino , ARN Bacteriano/genética , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Porcinos , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/microbiología , Yersiniosis/diagnóstico , Yersiniosis/genética , Yersiniosis/microbiologíaRESUMEN
A total of 42 Brucella strains were isolated from animals in Poland in years 2003-2012. Most of them (N=37) originated from wild animals, 3 from cattle, 1 from pig and 1 from sheep. The strains were characterised using both bacteriological and molecular (Bruce-ladder and MLVA) methods. The examinations revealed that all strains from wild boars, hares, cattle and pigs (N=41) had the same phenotypic characteristics and were classified as B. suis biovar 2. The remaining strain, isolated from sheep, was classified as B. ovis. The molecular examination showed that all B. suis biovar 2 strains, except one, had the same molecular profile as reference strain B. suis bv2 Thomsen. Different from the others strain originated from boars imported to Poland and its VNTR profile was typical forIberian strains.
Asunto(s)
Brucella/clasificación , Brucelosis/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/microbiología , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/microbiología , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/microbiología , Animales , Animales Salvajes , Brucella/aislamiento & purificación , Brucelosis/epidemiología , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Liebres , Polonia/epidemiología , Ovinos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/epidemiología , Sus scrofa , Porcinos , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The aim of the study was an evaluation of fluorescence polarisation assay (FPA) as a potential tool improving specificity of serological diagnosis of brucellosis in pigs. The evaluation was done by comparing the results of FPA with the results of rose bengal test (RBT), serum agglutination test (SAT), complement fixation test (CFT) and ELISA when false positive sera were tested. One hundred ninety porcine samples, reacting positively in at least one classical serological assay were used. We observed that among 198 sera, 104 were also positive in FPA. The studies confirmed that porcine FPA adds little as far as specificity in comparison to other methods is concerned.
Asunto(s)
Brucelosis/veterinaria , Inmunoensayo de Polarización Fluorescente/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/diagnóstico , Pruebas de Aglutinación/veterinaria , Animales , Brucelosis/sangre , Brucelosis/diagnóstico , Pruebas de Fijación del Complemento/veterinaria , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática/veterinaria , Rosa Bengala , Porcinos , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/sangreRESUMEN
Hare brucellosis is caused primarily by Brucella suis biovar 2. Hares along with wild boars are the natural reservoir of this microorganism. In view of restriction of applicability of traditional serological methods the work aimed to develop the ELISA to examine hare sera for the presence of anti-Brucella antibodies. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigen obtained from the strain S19 of Brucella abortus and the conjugate of antibodies against rabbit immunoglobulin with horseradish peroxidase were used in the test. Hares' sera positive and negative in the CFT were used as controls of the ELISA. The sera collected from 9 hares suspected to be infected with Brucella organisms, positive in CFT (in this number 7 hares revealed clinical symptoms or anathomopathological lesions characteristic of brucellosis), 6 sera from hares showing no symptoms of the disease, negative in CFT and 520 sera from hares monitored for brucellosis were tested. All serum samples from hares suspected for Brucella infection were positive in ELISA and 2 of them were negative in RBPT. Additionally among the samples from hares monitored 12 sera were positive in ELISA and CFT, whereas 9 sera from 12 ones were also positive in the RBPT. The obtained results indicated that the ELISA developed in our laboratory proved to be equivalent in specificity to CFT. In addition, ELISA proved to be more sensitive than RBPT for the diagnosis of Brucella infection in hares.