RESUMEN
Experimental vaccine trials against hydatid disease have been undertaken in sheep using the EG95 recombinant vaccine. Challenge infection was with viable Echinococcus granulosus eggs obtained from a New Zealand isolate (dog/sheep cycle), an Australian isolate (dingo/wallaby cycle) and an Argentine isolate (dog/sheep cycle). Vaccination with EG95 conferred a high degree of protection against challenge with all three parasite isolates (protection range 96-100%). Taken together, the trials demonstrated that 86% of vaccinated sheep were completely free of viable hydatid cysts when examined approximately 1 year after challenge infection. Vaccination reduced the number of viable cysts by 99.3% compared with unvaccinated controls. These results suggest that the EG95 vaccine could have wide applicability as a new tool for use in hydatid control campaigns.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos Helmínticos/uso terapéutico , Equinococosis/veterinaria , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/prevención & control , Vacunas Sintéticas/uso terapéutico , Animales , Antígenos Helmínticos/inmunología , Argentina , Australia , Perros , Equinococosis/inmunología , Equinococosis/prevención & control , Equinococosis/transmisión , Echinococcus/inmunología , Femenino , Estudios Longitudinales , Macropodidae/parasitología , Masculino , Recuento de Huevos de Parásitos/veterinaria , Ovinos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/parasitología , Especificidad de la Especie , Vacunas Sintéticas/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Rarely observed in the wild, the existence of the Andean mountain cat (Oreailurus jacobita) has been established based on only 3 skulls and 14 museum skins. The Andean mountain cat's evolutionary relationship to other felids based on morphological characters is largely contradictory, with evidence aligning it with South American small spotted cats (ocelot lineage) or alternatively with pantherine lineage felids. Here we describe the phylogenetic distinctiveness and placement of the Andean mountain cat using DNA extracted from pieces of nine independent pelt specimens, including one confiscated from a trapper in 1995. A phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences from three rapidly evolving mitochondrial genes (16S rRNA, NADH-5, and ATP-8) indicate that the Andean mountain cat is a distinct species belonging to the ocelot lineage. Our findings suggest that the Andean mountain cat diverged from a common ancestor with the ocelot (Leopardus paradalis) and margay (L. wiedii) and exhibits moderate levels of genetic variation.