RESUMEN
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is an integral membrane protein present in all organelles, responsible for regulating and integrating multiple signals as a platform. Mitochondria are extremely adaptable to external cues in chronic liver diseases, and expression of Cav-1 may affect mitochondrial flexibility in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation. We previously demonstrated that exogenous expression of Cav-1 was sufficient to increase some classical markers of activation in HSCs. Here, we aimed to evaluate the influence of exogenous expression and knockdown of Cav-1 on regulating the mitochondrial plasticity, metabolism, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria distance, and lysosomal activity in HSCs. To characterize the mitochondrial, lysosomal morphology, and ER-mitochondria distance, we perform transmission electron microscope analysis. We accessed mitochondria and lysosomal networks and functions through a confocal microscope and flow cytometry. The expression of mitochondrial machinery fusion/fission genes was examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Total and mitochondrial cholesterol content was measured using Amplex Red. To define energy metabolism, we used the Oroboros system in the cells. We report that GRX cells with exogenous expression or knockdown of Cav-1 changed mitochondrial morphometric parameters, OXPHOS metabolism, ER-mitochondria distance, lysosomal activity, and may change the activation state of HSC. This study highlights that Cav-1 may modulate mitochondrial function and structural reorganization in HSC activation, being a potential candidate marker for chronic liver diseases and a molecular target for therapeutic intervention.
Asunto(s)
Caveolina 1 , Células Estrelladas Hepáticas , Caveolina 1/genética , Caveolina 1/metabolismo , Colesterol/metabolismo , Células Estrelladas Hepáticas/metabolismo , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática/patología , Proteínas de la Membrana/metabolismo , Mitocondrias/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the feelings evoked, distress caused, and the best way to conduct protective stabilization for the management of young children is lacking. AIM: Describe the perceptions of mothers, psychologists, and pediatric dentists regarding the use of protective stabilization during the dental care of children up to three years of age attending a University Dental Clinic in southern Brazil. DESIGN: After watching a video of dental care involving the protective stabilization technique, individualized qualitative interviews were held with three groups [mothers (n = 5), psychologists (n = 7), and pediatric dentists (n = 4)] to investigate four categories of interest: importance of the technique, affective attitude, distress caused to the child, and participation of parents. After the transcription of the recorded comments, qualitative content analysis was performed. RESULTS: Protective stabilization generated emotional discomfort but was well accepted by all groups. All expressed the need to create a bond between the dentist and caregiver; and the active participation of the caregiver was considered fundamental. The mothers and psychologists rejected other options, such as passive restraint, general anesthesia, and sedation. CONCLUSION: The three groups admitted having negative feelings, recognized the importance of protective stabilization, and suggested conditions for its use.
Asunto(s)
Atención Dental para Niños , Odontología Pediátrica , Niño , Preescolar , Odontólogos , Femenino , Humanos , Madres , Percepción , Investigación CualitativaRESUMEN
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) expression is increased in hepatic stellate cells (HSC) upon liver cirrhosis and it functions as an integral membrane protein of lipid rafts and caveolae that regulates and integrates multiple signals as a platform. This study aimed to evaluate the role of Cav-1 in HSC. Thus, the effects of exogenous expression of Cav-1 in GRX cells, a model of activated HSC, were determined. Here, we demonstrated through evaluating well-known HSC activation markers - such as α-smooth muscle actin, collagen I, and glial fibrillary acidic protein - that up regulation of Cav-1 induced GRX to a more activated phenotype. GRXEGFP-Cav1 presented an increased migration, an altered adhesion pattern, a reorganization f-actin cytoskeleton, an arrested cell cycle, a modified cellular ultrastructure, and a raised endocytic flux. Based on this, GRX EGFP-Cav1 represents a new cellular model that can be an important tool for understanding of events related to HSC activation. Furthermore, our results reinforce the role of Cav-1 as a molecular marker of HSC activation.
Asunto(s)
Caveolina 1/biosíntesis , Puntos de Control del Ciclo Celular , Expresión Génica , Células Estrelladas Hepáticas/metabolismo , Caveolina 1/genética , Línea Celular , Células Estrelladas Hepáticas/citología , HumanosRESUMEN
Autophagy is a cellular bulk degradation process used as an alternative source of energy and metabolites and implicated in various diseases. Inefficient autophagy in nutrient-deprived cancer cells would be beneficial for cancer therapy making its modulation valuable as a therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment, especially in combination with chemotherapy. Dipyridamole (DIP) is a vasodilator and antithrombotic drug. Its major effects involve the block of nucleoside uptake and phosphodiestesase inhibition, leading to increased levels of intracellular cAMP. Here we report that DIP increases autophagic markers due to autophagic flux blockage, resembling autophagosome maturation and/or closure impairment. Treatment with DIP results in an increased number of autophagosomes and autolysosomes and impairs degradation of SQSTM1/p62. As blockage of autophagic flux decreases the recycling of cellular components, DIP reduced the intracellular ATP levels in cancer cells. Autophagic flux blockage was neither through inhibition of lysosome function nor blockage of nucleoside uptake, but could be prevented by treatment with a PKA inhibitor, suggesting that autophagic flux failure mediated by DIP results from increased intracellular levels of cAMP. Treatment with DIP presented antiproliferative effects in vitro alone and in combination with chemotherapy drugs. Collectively, these data demonstrate that DIP can impair autophagic degradation, by preventing the normal autophagosome maturation, and might be useful in combination anticancer therapy.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/patología , Autofagia/efectos de los fármacos , Dipiridamol/farmacología , Neoplasias de la Próstata/patología , Adenosina Trifosfato/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Autofagosomas/efectos de los fármacos , Autofagosomas/ultraestructura , División Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proteínas Quinasas Dependientes de AMP Cíclico/fisiología , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Lisosomas/efectos de los fármacos , Lisosomas/enzimología , Masculino , Proteínas Asociadas a Microtúbulos/biosíntesis , Proteínas Asociadas a Microtúbulos/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/biosíntesis , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Proteína Sequestosoma-1/biosíntesis , Proteína Sequestosoma-1/genética , Ensayo de Tumor de Célula MadreRESUMEN
Objetivo: investigar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao uso de chupeta em pré-escolares. Sujeitos e método: estudo transversal foi realizado com 1.316 crianças de 0 até 5 anos de idade no município de Canoas, no Rio Grande do Sul. O instrumento de pesquisa foi um questionário semiestruturado respondido pelos responsáveis sobre características sociodemográficas (sexo, cor da pele, idade da criança e materna, escolaridade materna, estrutura e renda familiar) e comportamentais (uso da mamadeira e aleitamento materno). O desfecho foi presença/ausência de uso de chupeta. A análise estatística compreendeu regressão de Poisson com variância robusta bruta e ajustada. Resultados: a prevalência de uso de chupeta em algum momento da vida foi de 68,1%. A análise multivariável ajustada mostrou que crianças que usaram mamadeira tiveram três vezes maior prevalência do desfecho (RP: 3,21; IC95% 2,25-4,59; p<0,001) se comparadas àquelas que nunca usaram mamadeira. Além disso, a análise adicional encontrou que crianças mais novas ainda usam a chupeta quando comparadas às mais velhas. Conclusão: conclui-se que a prevalência do uso de chupeta é alta e está associada com hábitos de nutrição. Assim, entender a associação de aspectos biopsicossociais e sua rede de causalidade torna-se essencial para o estabelecimento de estratégias de promoção de saúde na primeira infância. (AU)
Objective: to investigate the prevalence and the factors associated with pacifier use by preschoolers. Subjects and method: cross-sectional study performed with 1316 children from zero to five years of age, in the city of Canoas, RS, Brazil. The research instrument was a semi- -structured questionnaire answered by the responsible persons on sociodemographic (sex, skin color, child and maternal age, maternal level of education, and family structure and income) and behavioral (bottle-feeding and breastfeeding) characteristics. The outcome was the presence/absence of pacifier use. The statistical analysis included Poisson regression with crude and adjusted robust variance. Results: the prevalence of pacifier use at some point in life was 68.1%. The adjusted multivariate analysis showed that bottle-fed children presented a threefold higher prevalence of the outcome (PR: 3.21, 95%CI 2.25-4.59, p<0.001) compared to those who had never used the bottle. Moreover, an additional analysis found that younger children still use the pacifier compared to older ones. Conclusion: it is concluded that the prevalence of pacifier use is high and it is associated with nutrition habits. Thus, understanding the association of biopsychosocial aspects and their causality network becomes essential for establishing health promotion strategies in early childhood. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Preescolar , Conducta en la Lactancia , Chupetes/estadística & datos numéricos , Hábitos , Factores Socioeconómicos , Brasil , Conducta Infantil , Estudios Transversales , Análisis Multivariante , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Factores de Edad , Edad Materna , Distribución por Edad y SexoRESUMEN
Pre-eruptive intracoronal radiolucency (PECR) is characterized by the existence of a radiographic radiolucent area inside the coronal dentin prior to dental eruption. It is a rare clinical entity of unknown etiology, usually asymptomatic and diagnosed through routine radiographs. The aim of this article is to report the treatment of a PECR in an 8-year-old girl. Surgical procedure to expose the crown was conducted; upon tooth eruption, the radiolucent lesion was accessed and the tooth was restored. The case has an 18-month follow-up and emphasis on aspects linked to diagnosis and clinical approach was discussed. How to cite this article: Ilha MC, Kramer PF, Ferreira SH, Ruschel HC. Pre-eruptive Intracoronal Radiolucency in First Permanent Molar. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(2):151-154.
RESUMEN
Objective: To analyze the bibliometric profile of articles published in the Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clinica Integrada (PBOCI). Material and Methods: In this documental study, two trained examiners independently assessed the abstracts of all articles published between 2007 and 2017. Articles were categorized according to the study design, dental specialty and institutional affiliation of the main author. The full article was read whenever the abstract did not allow its classification. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the absolute and relative frequencies. Results: In total, 670 articles were identified, with predominance of publications in the areas of Pediatric Dentistry (33.3%), Community Health (18.7%) and Restorative Dentistry (12.2%). The most used designs were cross-sectional (58.3%), especially in the areas of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Health; and laboratory studies (25.7%), mainly in the areas of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics. The Brazilian universities that most published in the Journal were the Federal University of Paraíba (9.7%), followed by the State University of São Paulo (6.4%) and University of São Paulo (6%), characterizing predominance of the Southeastern and Northeastern regions. The publications of authors with international affiliation represented 9.1%. The distribution among nations reveals studies from countries such as India (34.5%), Nigeria (14.8%), Bosnia (11.5%) and Iran (8.2%). Conclusion: PBOCI has provided Brazilian and foreign researchers the opportunity to disseminate studies in all areas of Dentistry, but studies in the fields of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Health are predominant. The most frequent designs were cross-sectional and laboratorial, and in relation to foreign participation, there is predominance of research from countries such as India, Nigeria and Bosnia.
Asunto(s)
Bibliometría , Artículo de Revista , Bibliometría , Brasil , Interpretación Estadística de DatosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Subjective pulp tests are not trustworthy, particularly in traumatized teeth, and may lead to inaccurate diagnosis. The use of an objective test such as pulse oximetry (PO) could be a more reliable method to properly evaluate pulp status in this condition. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of PO in determining pulp vitality in traumatized teeth based on oxygen saturation measurements (%SpO2 ). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fifty-nine permanent teeth that had undergone lateral luxation, and which were unresponsive to a cold spray test and were free from signs of necrosis, were selected and tested with PO at 7, 30 and 60 days after trauma. RESULTS: Fifty-nine teeth were tested. At 7 days after trauma, 8 teeth had low rates of oxygenation, compared to 10 at 30 and 60 days. Low rates were defined as a saturation reading ≤77%SpO2 . These teeth were assigned to the pulp necrosis (PN) group. The other 49 teeth were either considered to have healthy pulps (HP) (saturation ≥90%SpO2 ) or were assigned to a pulpitis (PP) group (saturation ≥78 to ≤89%SpO2 ). The 10 non-responsive teeth were followed up for 1 year and all exhibited indications for endodontic treatment. The other 49 teeth (HP or PP) began to show positive responses to the cold spray (after 3-9 months of follow up). No significant differences (P < 0.05) were detected between the three periods analyzed, but %SpO2 rates were significantly different (P < 0.01) between the groups (HP vs PP, HP vs PN and PP vs PN). CONCLUSIONS: PO can be extremely useful for the assessment of dental pulp status in traumatized teeth, particularly when these teeth do not show signs of PN and do not respond to cold tests.
Asunto(s)
Necrosis de la Pulpa Dental/diagnóstico , Prueba de la Pulpa Dental , Oximetría , Pulpa Dental , Dentición Permanente , HumanosRESUMEN
Mucocele is a common condition of the minor salivary glands that is generally found on the lower lip. Although etiology is uncertain, mucocele are usually caused by local trauma. Cases involving infants are rarely reported in the literature. The objective of this study is to report an unusual case of mucocele in the fi rst year of life that was treated with surgical removal and postoperative follow-up. This report illustrates the main features of clinical interest and discuss classifi cation, differential diagnosis and the treatment approaches described in the literature.
Mucocele é uma alteração comum de glândulas salivares menores que acomete principalmente o lábio inferior. Embora a etiologia seja incerta, normalmente é causada por um trauma local. Casos envolvendo bebês são raramente relatados na literatura. O objetivo deste estudo é descrever um caso não usual de mucocele no primeiro ano de vida. O tratamento foi a remoção cirúrgica da mucocele e acompanhamento pós-operatório. Com o presente relato pretende-se ilustrar os principais aspectos de interesse clínico, discutindo a classifi cação e o diagnóstico diferencial, além das modalidades terapêuticas descritas na literatura
Asunto(s)
Lactante , Cirugía Bucal , Mucocele/terapia , Glándulas Salivales , LactanteRESUMEN
Turner syndrome (TS) was fi rst reported in the literature in 1938 by Laurel Thatcher Ulrich and Henry Turner. This chromosomal alteration only affects female individuals, who have monosomy of the X chromosome. Only one X chromosome is functional, while the other sexual chromosome is either absent or abnormal. The main oral characteristics are transverse defi ciency of the maxilla, mandibular retrognathism, anterior open bite, cleft palate, premature dental eruption, and alterations in the shape, size and thickness of teeth, with an increased number of roots on the fi rst and second premolars. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical case of a patient with TS undergoing orthodontic treatment, and to emphasize the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to patients with TS.
A síndrome de Turner (ST) foi relatada pela primeira vez na literatura em 1938, por Laurel Thatcher Ulrich e Henry Turner. Esta alteração cromossômica afeta somente pacientes do gênero feminino, apresentando uma monossomia do cromossomo X. Isso signifi ca que apenas um cromossomo X é funcional, sendo o outro cromossomo sexual inexistente ou anormal. As principais características orais observadas são defi ciência transversal da maxila, retrognatismo mandibular, mordida aberta anterior, fi ssuras palatinas, erupções dentárias precoces, alterações na forma, tamanho e espessura dos dentes, com aumento do número de raízes nos primeiros e segundos pré-molares. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever um caso clínico de uma paciente com ST submetida a tratamento ortodôntico e ressaltar a importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar para estes pacientes.
Asunto(s)
Femenino , Ortodoncia Correctiva , Síndrome de Turner , Retrognatismo , Diente Primario , Mordida AbiertaRESUMEN
The eruption cyst is a benign soft tissue anomaly that may occur during eruption of deciduous or permanent teeth. It is usually asymptomatic and its treatment involves clinical follow-up of dental eruption. However, it may become infected or cause discomfort and pain. In such cases, surgical treatment is recommended. The present report aimed to describe a clinical case of eruption cyst located on the deciduous mandibular incisors' area of a four-month-old female infant since her birth. After surgical treatment a change was observed in the position (rotation) of the tooth associated with the cystic lesion. Rotation of the mandibular incisor persisted during the deciduous dentition development.
O cisto de erupção é uma anomalia benigna de tecidos moles que pode ocorrer durante a erupção dos dentes permanentes ou decíduos. Ele é geralmente assintomático e seu tratamento envolve acompanhamento clínico da erupção dental. No entanto, ele pode se tornar infectado ou causar desconforto e dor. Em tais casos, é recomendado tratamento cirúrgico. O presente relato teve como objetivo descrever um caso clínico de cisto de erupção localizado na área dos incisivos inferiores decíduos presente em um bebê de quatro meses de idade desde seu nascimento. Após o tratamento cirúrgico foi observada uma mudança na posição (rotação) do dente associado com a lesão cística. A rotação do incisivo inferior persistiu durante o desenvolvimento da dentição decídua.
Asunto(s)
Lactante , Diente Primario , Erupción Dental , Quiste Odontogénico Calcificado , Lactancia Materna/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Specifi cally for the dentistry fi eld, the pact for health expresses the relevance of the process of evaluation and monitoring of primary care programs and services. The aim of the present study was to analyze the oral health poli cy of the city of Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, in the context of the decentralization in health care implemented by the Brazilian Unifi ed Health System (Sis tema Único de Saúde, SUS), based on the database of the Outpatient Information System (Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais, SIA). This descriptive, quantitative, normative/evaluative study analyzed secondary data from a historical series of dental procedures conducted in Porto Alegre and recorded by the SIA-SUS from 2008 to 2012. Data were collected directly from the SIA-SUS database. Data were also obtained from city's management reports from 2010 to 2013. Results show that the coverage of both Programmatic First Dental Consultation and Collective Supervised Toothbrushing Action was lower than that established in the pact.
Especifi camente para o campo da odontologia, o pacto pela saúde expressa a relevância no processo de avaliação e monitoramento de programas e serviços da atenção básica. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a políti ca de saúde bucal do município de Porto Alegre no contexto da descentralização da saúde implementada pelo Sis tema Único de Saúde (SUS), a partir do banco de dados do Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais (SIA). Este estudo foi do tipo descritivo, quantitativo, de caráter avaliativo normativo, o qual utilizou dados secundários, a partir da série histórica da produção de procedimentos odontológicos realizados em Porto Alegre e registrados pelo SIA-SUS no período de 2008 a 2012. A coleta dos dados foi realizada diretamente no banco de dados do SIA-SUS. Dados também foram retirados dos relatórios de gestão do município nos anos de 2010 a 2013. Os resultados demonstram que tanto a cobertura da Primeira Consulta Odontológica Programática quanto a Ação Coletiva de Escovação Dental Supervisionada foram inferiores ao pactuado.
Asunto(s)
Salud Bucal , Servicios de Salud Dental , Promoción de la Salud , Atención Primaria de Salud , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud , Programas Nacionales de SaludRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been associated with premature immunosenescence and an increased prevalence of age-related morbidities including poor cognitive function. OBJECTIVE: We explored the relationships among lymphocyte subsets and memory in RA. METHODS: Thirty patients with RA and 19 age-matched healthy controls took part in this study. Cognitive function stress and depression scores were evaluated by structured clinical questionnaires. Lymphocytes were isolated and immunophenotyped by flow cytometry to investigate the following subsets: B cells, activated and naïve/memory T cells, regulatory FoxP3+ T (Treg) cells, Th17+ cells, NK cells and senescence-associated CD28- T cells. RESULTS: RA patients were more depressed than controls, but stress levels were similar in the 2 groups. Patients had impaired memory performance compared to controls, demonstrated by lower Mini-Mental State Examination scores and logical and working memories (all p < 0.0001). These group effects remained significant after correcting for depression and age. Patients had expansion of regulatory T cells, naïve CD4+ T cells and CD8+CD28- cells but reduced percentages of B cells and memory CD8+CD45RO+ T cells compared to controls. CD8+CD28- and CD8+CD45RO+ T cells were found to be negatively associated with memory. CONCLUSION: RA patients had reduced memory performance compared to healthy controls. Expansion of activated and senescence-associated T cells was correlated with poor memory performance.