RESUMEN
Nearly 1,100 young students living in Japan at a range of distances up to 500 km from the 1995 Kobe M7 earthquake were interviewed. A statistically significant abnormal rate of early wakening before the earthquake was found, having exponential decrease with distance and a half value approaching 100 km, but decreasing much slower than from a point source such as an epicentre; instead originating from an extended area of more than 100 km in diameter. Because an improbably high amount of variance is explained, this effect is unlikely to be simply psychological and must reflect another mechanism-perhaps Ultra-Low Frequency (ULF) electromagnetic waves creating anxiety-but probably not (222)Rn excess. Other work reviewed suggests these conclusions may be valid for animals in general, not just children, but would be very difficult to apply for practical earthquake prediction.
RESUMEN
Antarctic ice and rime ice after gamma-irradiation at 77 K were studied by electron spin resonance (ESR). The signal of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was detected in both ices. The NO2 in the Antarctic ice, in particular, may be created from NO3- by reactions associated with intrinsic OH radicals. The detection limit of NO2 in solid samples was estimated to be approximately 0.02 ppm with ESR. The analysis using ESR in natural ice has a potential to trace environmental NO2.
RESUMEN
A scanning electron spin resonance (ESR) microscope using a localized microwave field was redesigned to measure ESR spectra from 0 to 400 mT using electromagnets. Divalent copper ion (Cu2+) in copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4 . 5H2O) was imaged, after the powdered samples were cemented in silicone rubber under a magnetic field. The ratio of the two signal intensities at g=2.27 and 2.08 clearly indicates the orientation of the particles. This method can be used for mapping the local magnetic field and its direction.
RESUMEN
Adsorption of Gd3+ and Mn2+ into hydroxyapatite (HAP (Ca5(PO4)3(OH)2) was studied by ESR, ion chromatography and ICP-AES to investigate the U-uptake model. HAP absorbed Gd3+ via a cation exchange reaction and resulted in a signal width of 240 mT. The growth of the thermally stable Gd3+ signal in HAP was also fitted by saturation and diffusion equations. The ESR signals of Gd3+ and Mn2+ were observed overlapping the CO2- signals, however, the dose-response curves of the CO2- signal were similar to that of control HAP.
RESUMEN
Natural methane hydrate under deep ocean floor in Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 164 was studied by electron spin resonance (ESR) after gamma-ray irradiation. The methyl radical (g=2.0024+/-0.0005, A=2.3+/-0.1 mT) as well as an unidentified signal was observed. Although the parameters and the thermal stability were very similar to those in a synthetic sample, the signal intensity was about one eightieth of that in synthetic one because methane hydrate had partially changed to ice. ESR signal intensity of the methyl radical after gamma-ray irradiation could be used to estimate the amount of methane hydrate in a sample mixed with ice.
RESUMEN
Mouse circadian diagrams recorded at Osaka University showed unusual mouse behavior before the Kobe earthquake on January 17th, 1995. The locomotive activities on January 16th showed drastic increases, several times above the standard deviation, during both sleep and active periods, indicating that mice perceived of some preseismic signals.