RESUMEN
This was a 20-week, open-label, uncontrolled clinical investigation of the long-acting calcium antagonist amlodipine in 33 male or female patients with essential hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). A once-daily dose (5-10 mg/day) of amlodipine provided a consistent antihypertensive effect, reducing the sitting diastolic (-13.8% change) and systolic (-13.0% change) blood pressures by clinically meaningful and statistically significant (p = 0.0001, n = 33) amounts. Amlodipine had no effect on heart rate. A significant regression in LVH was seen (left ventricular mass index reduced from 169.0 [SD 30.7] g/m(2) to 140.6 [SD 19.6] g/m(2), p < 0.01, n = 12). There was also a significant reduction in total peripheral resistance and improvement in left ventricular diastolic filling (E/A ratio increased from 0.86 pre-treatment to 1.03 post-treatment, p = 0.038, n = 12). These results are consistent with other studies in showing that a relatively short treatment regimen with amlodipine is associated with a significant reduction in left ventricular mass index.
Asunto(s)
Amlodipino/uso terapéutico , Antihipertensivos/uso terapéutico , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Anciano , Amlodipino/efectos adversos , Amlodipino/farmacología , Antihipertensivos/efectos adversos , Antihipertensivos/farmacología , Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Ecocardiografía , Femenino , Frecuencia Cardíaca/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Hipertensión/diagnóstico por imagen , Hipertensión/fisiopatología , Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/diagnóstico por imagen , Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/fisiopatología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Twenty-six patients with heart block were examined for evidence of chloroquine retinopathy. Detailed histories of chloroquine intake showed that 50% (13 of 26) of these patients were chloroquine abusers. Retinal changes typical of chloroquine retinopathy were seen in 53.8% (7 of 13) of the chronic chloroquine abusers. Patients with heart block of unknown cause should have their fundi examined so that signs of chloroquine retinopathy may be sought.
Asunto(s)
Cloroquina/efectos adversos , Bloqueo Cardíaco/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades de la Retina/inducido químicamente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Bloqueo Cardíaco/complicaciones , Humanos , Malaria/prevención & control , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Nigeria , Enfermedades de la Retina/complicaciones , Trastornos Relacionados con SustanciasRESUMEN
Blood pressure and pulse of 32 young healthy Nigerian volunteers were determined after they had been in an air-conditioned room from between 60 and 90 minutes. The same determinations were made at the same time of another day with air-conditioning switched off for the same period. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 115.3 +/- 11.5 mmHg under air-conditioner (AC) and 108.5 +/- 10.1 mmHg without air-conditioning. This difference was statistically significant (p less than 001). Similarly, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was higher in AC, 69.4 +/- 8.9 mmHg, than without AC, 66.5 +/- 9.1 mmHg (p less than 025), while mean blood pressure was also higher in AC, 84.9 +/- 9.1 mmHg, than without, 79.9 +/- 7.7 mmHg (less than 005). There was no significant different in pulse rate. These differences in the BP of normal young subjects are not thought to be of clinical significance but the result suggests that study of the effect of AC on BP and pulse in older subjects and hypertensive subjects is desirable.
Asunto(s)
Aire Acondicionado/efectos adversos , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Hipertensión/etiología , Adulto , Femenino , Estado de Salud , Humanos , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Hipertensión/fisiopatología , Masculino , Nigeria/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Twelve of 30 Africans with heart block gave a history of chronic chloroquine abuse. Eleven of these had evidence of chloroquine retinopathy whereas four of the 18 nonabusers had abnormal ophthalmologic findings, thought to be senile changes. The chronic chloroquine abusers were all male and were younger (mean age 51.6 years) than the non-abusers (mean age 61.2), nine of whom were female. Serum chloroquine levels were not helpful diagnostically. In the absence of other etiological factors, chronic chloroquine toxicity is important in the causation of heart block in Africans.