RESUMEN
Accurate prediction of postoperative recurrence is important for optimizing the treatment strategies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Previous studies identified the PD-L1 expression in NSCLC as a risk factor for postoperative recurrence. This study aimed to examine the contribution of PD-L1 expression to predicting postoperative recurrence using machine learning. The clinical data of 647 patients with NSCLC who underwent surgical resection were collected and stratified into training (80%), validation (10%), and testing (10%) datasets. Machine learning models were trained on the training data using clinical parameters including PD-L1 expression. The top-performing model was assessed on the test data using the SHAP analysis and partial dependence plots to quantify the contribution of the PD-L1 expression. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to validate the association between PD-L1 expression and postoperative recurrence. The random forest model demonstrated the highest predictive performance with the SHAP analysis, highlighting PD-L1 expression as an important feature, and the multivariate Cox analysis indicated a significant increase in the risk of postoperative recurrence with each increment in PD-L1 expression. These findings suggest that variations in PD-L1 expression may provide valuable information for clinical decision-making regarding lung cancer treatment strategies.
Asunto(s)
Antígeno B7-H1 , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Humanos , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/cirugía , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Antígeno B7-H1/metabolismo , Antígeno B7-H1/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/cirugía , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Factores de Riesgo , Aprendizaje Automático , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Periodo Posoperatorio , PronósticoRESUMEN
Subpleural peripheral lung regions are mainly nourished by pulmonary arteries. Herein, we report a case in which pleural infection after pulmonary embolism caused circulation failure in the subpleural lung parenchyma (SLP) and massive desquamation of the SLP.
RESUMEN
Thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumours are ordinarily found as a huge mass with systemic metastasis, and the prognosis is poor. The potential of immunotherapy for these unresectable tumours has been reported. An asymptomatic 68-year-old man with a smoking history had a left lung mass without distant metastasis and underwent complete resection. Two months after surgery, with no adjuvant therapy, he developed multiple distant metastases with aphasia and died 4 months after surgery. Adjuvant treatment may be necessary with immune checkpoint inhibitors, with a closer follow-up to detect recurrence without symptoms.
RESUMEN
The present study investigated the effects of the dietary addition of the protease preparations derived from Aspergillus on the colonic luminal environment. Rats were fed a 30% beef tallow diet with or without the protease preparations, including Amano protease (protease A 'Amano SD', neutral proteases from Aspergillus spp.) or orientase (orientase AY, acid proteases from Aspergillus niger) at the dose of 0.2% for 3 weeks. Cecal Bifidobacterium was significantly elevated in the dietary Amano protease group (194-fold, P<0.05), but not in the orientase group. Lactobacillus was elevated in the two groups (P<0.05). Cecal n-butyrate, propionate and lactate were higher in the Amano protease and orientase groups compared with the controls (P<0.05). Fecal immunoglobulin A and mucins were elevated in the Amano protease group (P<0.05). These results suggest the potential effect of the consumption of Aspergillus-derived protease preparations that are favorable for the colonic luminal environment in rats fed a high-fat diet.
RESUMEN
This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with burdock powder and Aspergillus awamori-fermented burdock powder at 5% on the intestinal luminal environment and body fat in rats fed a high-fat (HF) diet. Food intake and growth were unaffected by dietary manipulation. Consumption of the burdock and fermented burdock diets significantly elevated fecal IgA and mucins (indices of intestinal immune and barrier functions) and reduced fecal lithocholic acid (a risk factor for colon cancer) (p<0.05). The fermented burdock diet markedly elevated cecal Bifidobacterium and organic acids, including lactate, acetate, propionate, and butyrate, and reduced fecal deoxycholic acid (a risk factor for colon cancer) and perirenal adipose tissue weight (p<0.05), but the burdock diet did not. These results suggest that consumption of fermented burdock improves the intestinal luminal environment and suppresses obesity in rats fed a HF diet.
Asunto(s)
Tejido Adiposo/efectos de los fármacos , Arctium/química , Aspergillus/metabolismo , Ciego/química , Obesidad/prevención & control , Polvos/administración & dosificación , Ácido Acético/metabolismo , Tejido Adiposo/metabolismo , Animales , Bifidobacterium/crecimiento & desarrollo , Bifidobacterium/metabolismo , Ácido Butírico/metabolismo , Ciego/microbiología , Ácido Desoxicólico/metabolismo , Dieta Alta en Grasa/efectos adversos , Suplementos Dietéticos , Ingestión de Alimentos/efectos de los fármacos , Heces/química , Fermentación , Inmunoglobulina A/metabolismo , Ácido Láctico/metabolismo , Masculino , Mucinas/metabolismo , Obesidad/etiología , Obesidad/metabolismo , Propionatos/metabolismo , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-DawleyRESUMEN
We have found that fermented barley extract (FBE), prepared from barley shochu residue, alleviates allergic rhinitis in OVA-sensitized mice. In this study, we examined to determine whether FBE suppresses the development of atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. The development of AD-like skin lesions in a 5% FBE containing diet group was significantly inhibited, and scratching behavior, one of aggravating factors, was also suppressed. Neither serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels nor interleukin (IL)-4 production by spleen cells in the 5% FBE diet group was found to be significantly reduced. On the other hand, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-17 production by spleen cells in the 5% FBE diet group was significantly reduced. Hence it was assumed that FBE alleviates AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice, probably by modulating the cytokine production involved in chronic inflammation, such as IFN-gamma or IL-17.