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The authors' studies show that sanatorium treatment contributes to normalization of bactericidal oxidant mechanism (BOM) of blood neutrophils in patients with chronic bronchitis. In a complete remission this normalization is complete, in partial remission positive trends were seen. In chronic obstructive bronchitis the effect was minor.

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It has been shown that common clinical and paraclinical methods of diagnosis of recurring bronchitis in children fail to detect subclinical activity of the inflammatory process in the lungs, which fact poses rather difficult problem of treatment and rehabilitation in such pediatric patient populations. Cytochemical diagnosis relying on values for activity of acid phosphatase and labilization of membranes of blood multinuclear leucocytes lysosomes permits overcoming the above difficulties, enhancing efficiency of the treatment.

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The experience of climatic health resorts at the Crimea sea shore has been summarized. The potential of climatic treatment can be fully realized only with the participation of therapeutic, rehabilitation and recreation institutions.

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Cooling and heating the feet in children with pulmonary inflammatory diseases in remission improved immunity. Air baths in addition to stimulating immunity enhanced bactericidal potential of blood neutrophils. Cool and warm showers decreased this potential.

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Single total (air bath, douche) and local (cooling of the feet with water) exposure to mild cold do not arise noticeable disorders of the respiration function in children suffering from recurrent and asthmatic bronchitis in remission. Local cold procedures improve bronchial patency while the exposure to heat results in its worsening.

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The effect of hypoxic-hypercapnic trainings (HHT), conducted before the induction of inflammation or started at next day after foreign body bringing, was shown in experiment on rats with chronic inflammation process in bronchopulmonary tissue. HHT conducted before the induction of inflammation in general had an favourable effect. HHT conducted later had a positive effect together with expressed negative changes, in particular worsening of inflammation process in lung.

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Low energetic shift was found in liver mitochondria of rats with pneumonia, which was expressed as a decrease in rates of phosphorylating respiration and ADP phosphorylation independently on substrate of oxidation. Training of rats under hypoxic conditions led to a decrease in severity and distribution of inflammation in the animals with induced pneumonia. Patterns of mitochondrial oxidation, if Krebs cycle substrates were used, were normalized in most of the animals, while rates of ADP-stimulated respiration, phosphorylation as well as energy regulation of respiration and efficiency of phosphorylating respiration were distinctly increased. Alterations in mitochondrial energy reactions depended on the state of lipid peroxidation, initial steps of which may produce substrates of mitochondrial respiration. Training under hypoxic conditions, which protected against energy deficiency developed in pneumonia, contributed to increase in oxidative phosphorylation efficiency especially when lipid substrates were used.

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Hypoxic trainings of rats (maintenance in the test chamber at the "altitude" 4 km above the sea level for 7 hours a day for two weeks) prevent pneumonia-induced activation of peroxidation for lipids of the liver mitochondria. This increases the phosphorylating respiration rate when lipemic serum is used as an oxidation substrate (not succinate). In these experiments the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation (delta ADP/delta O) when either succinate and glutamate or glutamate and malate have been oxidated corresponded to the values typical of intact animals and was higher when lipemic serum was used. It is supposed that rearrangement of energy reactions of mitochondria is connected with intensification of utilization of lipids and conjugation between their oxidation and phosphorylation. This rearrangement is apparently aimed to prevent the energy deficiency in the organism which arises in patients with pneumonia.

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The course of bronchitis with clinical manifestations of allergy is characterized by certain cytochemical features which (as compared with bronchitis without allergy) show an increase of deoxyribonucleic acid, increased permeability of the intracellular membranes of polynuclear leucocytes and lymphocytes, reduction of the content of cationic proteins and activity of acid phosphatase in the polynuclear leucocytes of the blood.

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A procedure is described for determining antioxidation activity of the water-soluble biological material. The procedure is based on the study of kinetics of the reduced 2.6-dichlorophenolindophenol oxidation by air oxygen both with and without the biological material as well as on calculation of the value for the constant of the biological material inhibition of 2.6-dichlorophenolindophenol oxidation as an index of the biological material antioxidation activity.

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