RESUMEN
Taking into consideration data of modern research and in conformity with the acting normative instruments and national recommendations we have developed the algorithm of drug therapy for the treatment of arterial hypertension in elderly patients. We give brief characteristic of main pharmacological groups of antihypertensive drugs with respect to their influence upon the elderly organism, systematize criteria for priority and limited prescription of drugs to the groups of old age patients. Given are the rational combinations of medical drugs to be used when single-drug therapy is not effective enough.
Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento/efectos de los fármacos , Antihipertensivos , Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Administración del Tratamiento Farmacológico/normas , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Algoritmos , Antihipertensivos/clasificación , Antihipertensivos/economía , Antihipertensivos/uso terapéutico , Contraindicaciones , Manejo de la Enfermedad , Quimioterapia Combinada , Honorarios Farmacéuticos , Humanos , Hipertensión/fisiopatología , Selección de Paciente , Pautas de la Práctica en Medicina/normasRESUMEN
The authors have rejected applying of image identification algorithms and searching for given sequence in favor of algorithms sorting, eliminating thereby an influence of subjective factors on diagnostic process. To create the program, the diagnostic signs with probability coefficient 1 (positive indicator) or 0 (negative indicator) were used. To positive signs were attributed indicator muscles and indicator sensitive zones--the cutaneous areas where sensitive disorders appeared in the first turn, in response to a lesion in corresponding segment of peripheral nervous system, and disappeared in the last turn; to negative ones--muscles or cutaneous areas, being never affected by paresis or hyperesthesia in response to the given lesion type. The first part of the algorithm concerns a definition of defect level and the second one--an establishment of final diagnosis. The use of the algorithm developed simplifies diagnostics and raises its efficacy.
Asunto(s)
Algoritmos , Paresia/diagnóstico , Paresia/fisiopatología , HumanosRESUMEN
Despite a vast body of studies carried out over the past years, there is no single definite opinion about the topography of sensitive innervation zones. The reason, underlying such a situation, is analyzed in the report. Based on laser dopplerfluorometry and evoked somato-sensory potentials, an original method for determining autonomic innervation zones is described. High sensitivity of the method allows measuring dermatome topography in the absence of corresponding clinical disorders.
Asunto(s)
Hiperalgesia/diagnóstico , Hiperalgesia/fisiopatología , Sistema Nervioso Autónomo/fisiología , Procesamiento Automatizado de Datos , Potenciales Evocados Somatosensoriales/fisiología , Humanos , Microcirculación/fisiología , Nervios Periféricos/fisiopatología , Piel/irrigación sanguínea , Piel/inervaciónRESUMEN
Despite a widespread application of computer technologies in medicine, there is currently a lack of diagnostic computer programs, meeting neurological needs. Most of the existing programs depend on some subjective factors. The authors propose their own computer program named "indicated diagnosis", and demonstrate its potential for diagnosis of peripheral monoparesis. Indicated diagnosis included testing and structuring of clinical and anatomical traits, along with the data of instrumental examination of the patients, ranging from patients complaints to establishing topic and nosologic diagnosis. Indicated diagnostics algorithm may be used for measuring of the lesions of nerves, plexuses, terminals and spinal cord segments involved in limb innervation.