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Background@#Primary cicatricial alopecia (PCA) is a rare disease that causes irreversible destruction of hair follicles and affects the quality of life (QOL). @*Objective@#We aimed to investigate the disease awareness, medical use behavior, QOL, and real-world diagnosis and treatment status of patients with PCA. @*Methods@#A self-administered questionnaire was administered to patients with PCA and their dermatologists. Patients aged between 19 and 75 years who visited one of 27 dermatology departments between September 2021 and September 2022 were included. @*Results@#In total, 274 patients were included. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.47, with a mean age of 45.7 years. Patients with neutrophilic and mixed PCA were predominantly male and younger than those with lymphocytic PCA. Among patients with lymphocytic PCA, lichen planopilaris was the most common type, and among those with neutrophilic PCA, folliculitis decalvans was the most common type. Among the total patients, 28.8% were previously diagnosed with PCA, 47.0% were diagnosed with PCA at least 6 months after their first hospital visit, 20.0% received early treatment within 3 months of disease onset, and 54.4% received steady treatment. More than half of the patients had a moderate to severe impairment in QOL. Topical/intralesional steroid injections were the most common treatment. Systemic immunosuppressants were frequently prescribed to patients with lymphocytic PCA, and antibiotics were mostly prescribed to patients with neutrophilic PCA. @*Conclusion@#This study provides information on the disease awareness, medical use behavior, QOL, diagnosis, and treatment status of Korean patients with PCA. This can help dermatologists educate patients with PCA to understand the necessity for early diagnosis and steady treatment.
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Background@#Rapid social media development has led to excessive medical misinformation. In this regard, the field of dermatology is no exception. There is persistent prejudice against dermatological drugs, and many patients hesitate to take them. @*Objective@#We aimed to resolve the misconception that dermatological drugs are harmful, by analyzing the results of online surveys regarding the public behavior and perception of dermatological drugs. @*Methods@#We analyzed the results of an online survey conducted by a research institution. The survey, which had been conducted between September 2020 and October 2020, included 900 online participants aged 10 to 69 years who had taken dermatological drugs. The online questionnaire consisted of items regarding patients’ behavior in relation to skin diseases and taking dermatological drugs, and their perception of dermatological drugs. @*Results@#The main reasons for withdrawal of dermatological drugs were concerns regarding the burden of long-term use and side effects. Except for that provided by physicians, most information regarding dermatological drugs was obtained online. The most commonly reported adverse reaction was heartburn, followed by dryness, and thirst. The proportion of responders who considered dermatological drugs to be harmful was 56.1%. To address this misconception, most respondents suggested that detailed explanations of the prescribed drugs should be provided by a dermatologist, as well as vigorous communication via online media, medical papers, and educational campaigns. @*Conclusion@#Addressing misconceptions through detailed explanations and active communication can improve patient compliance, and ultimately, the general public’s skin health.
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Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic, relapsing skin disorder, and many patients with atopic dermatitis use complementary and alternative medicine instead of consulting a certified dermatologist. Herein, we report the case of a 38-year-old woman with severe eczema herpeticum who had been treated with herbal medicine and acupuncture for her atopic dermatitis. Herbal medicine and acupuncture are the most frequent types of alternative medicine that Korean patients rely on. However, the effectiveness of these treatments in atopic dermatitis remains unclear as there is a great lack of scientific evidence supporting it. As atopic dermatitis can cause potentially fatal secondary infections such as eczema herpeticum, dermatologists should put great effort into communicating with and educating the patients and in guiding them to choose the most appropriate treatment plan for managing their atopic dermatitis.
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Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Acupuntura , Coinfección , Terapias Complementarias , Dermatitis Atópica , Eccema , Medicina de Hierbas , Erupción Variceliforme de Kaposi , PielRESUMEN
Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis is a major cause of injury and technique failure in patients undergoing PD. Aeromonas hydrophila is ubiquitous in the environment, and is a Gram-negative rod associated with infections in fish and amphibians in most cases; however, it can also cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. We report a case of A. hydrophila peritonitis in a 56-year-old male on automated PD. Peritonitis may have been caused by contamination of the Set Plus, a component of the automated peritoneal dialysis device. Although Set Plus is disposable, the patient reused the product by cleansing with tap water. He was successfully treated with intraperitoneally-administered ceftazidime and has been well without recurrence for more than 2 years.
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Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Aeromonas hydrophila , Aeromonas , Anfibios , Ceftazidima , Huésped Inmunocomprometido , Infecciones Oportunistas , Diálisis Peritoneal , Peritonitis , Recurrencia , AguaRESUMEN
No abstract available.
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Dermoscopía , Enfermedades del Cabello , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , PruritoRESUMEN
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are effective for overweight diabetic patients through the induction of glucosuria. However, SGLT2 inhibitors are not recommended for patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) because they may aggravate renal function and thus become less effective in controlling blood glucose in this patient population. We suggest that adequate hydration would be helpful to prevent the side effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in diabetic patients with advanced CKD. In this study, we review five cases of SGLT2 inhibitor therapy, specifically with dapagliflozin, for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in patients with advanced CKD. The patients experienced dramatic weight reduction, improved glucose control, and further benefits without aggravation of renal function.
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Humanos , Albuminuria , Glucemia , Diabetes Mellitus , Nefropatías Diabéticas , Glucosa , Hiperuricemia , Obesidad , Sobrepeso , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica , Pérdida de PesoRESUMEN
Eccrine poroma is a benign solitary tumor with acrosyringeal differentiation that usually occurs on the sole or either side of the foot. Rapid growth of eccrine poroma during pregnancy has rarely been reported. We demonstrate a unique case of a 37-year-old pregnant woman who suffered from enlarged eccrine poroma on her left palm, which was tiny for 10 years but suddenly grew to a size of bean-sized reddish brown colored, pedunculated mass during pregnancy. The patient denied a previous history of trauma or infection to the lesion. Histopathologic findings with a shave biopsy were consistent with eccrine poroma. After the tumor was completely removed by the shave biopsy, no recurrence was noted for 5 months.
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Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Embarazo , Biopsia , Glándulas Ecrinas , Pie , Poroma , Mujeres Embarazadas , RecurrenciaRESUMEN
Pagetoid Bowen disease is a histological variant of Bowen disease which demonstrates large pale staining cells (pagetoid cells). It requires differential diagnosis from other cutaneous malignancies with similar patterns, such as extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) and Pagetoid melanoma in situ. Herein, we report a case of Pagetoid Bowen disease which was initially misdiagnosed as ectopic EMPD.
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Enfermedad de Bowen , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Inmunohistoquímica , Melanoma , Enfermedad de Paget ExtramamariaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Bacterial skin infections occur secondarily in conditions involving a vulnerable skin barrier such as atopic eczema, as well as primarily such as impetigo. They are mainly caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococci. Recently, the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus has been increasing. OBJECTIVE: To determine the characteristics of community-acquired bacterial skin infections, to observe their antibiotic susceptibility patterns, and to evaluate factors contributing to the treatment response. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed outpatients under 30 years old from 2010 to 2015, from whom we had taken skin swabs for antibiotic susceptibility testing. We collected clinical and microbiological characteristics from the medical records. RESULTS: We evaluated the culture results of 197 patients and reviewed their medical records. Overall, 86.3% (n=170) of the patients responded to the initial treatment regimen. S. aureus was the most commonly isolated pathogen (52.6%) and showed a high resistance rate to penicillin (90.9%) and oxacillin (36.3%). In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, resistance to 3 or more antibiotics (p=0.044), culture amounts described as “many” (p=0.040), and non-systemic antibiotic use (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with lower treatment response. However, methicillin resistance was not associated with lower treatment response both in univariable and multivariable analyses. CONCLUSION: Among young patients, S. aureus was the most predominant pathogen present in bacterial skin infections. Resistance to high numbers of antibiotics and the use of non-systemic antibiotics were associated with lower treatment response. First-generation cephalosporins may be the most effective first-line empirical regimen for bacterial skin infections treated in outpatient settings, regardless of methicillin resistance.
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Humanos , Antibacterianos , Cefalosporinas , Dermatitis Atópica , Impétigo , Modelos Logísticos , Registros Médicos , Resistencia a la Meticilina , Pacientes Ambulatorios , Oxacilina , Penicilinas , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Enfermedades Cutáneas Infecciosas , Piel , Staphylococcus aureusRESUMEN
Although a few reports have noted the concurrent presentation of morphea and vitiligo at distinctly separate sites in the same patient, it is extremely rare that these two conditions occur at the same sites in a patient. We report the case of a 10-year-old Korean girl with morphea and vitiligo and those lesions occurred at the same sites and progressed simultaneously. An autoimmunity and a cutaneous mosaicism was considered to be involved in such an unique presentation as the pathogenesis is concerned.
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Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Autoinmunidad , Mosaicismo , Esclerodermia Localizada , VitíligoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) and pompholyx are both chronic vesiculopustular conditions of the palms and soles. Because both share similar clinical and histological features, it is difficult even for dermatologists to differentiate between these two diseases. OBJECTIVE: To analyze clinical features that can be helpful in differentiating the two diseases. METHODS: The clinical history of 133 patients with vesicles or pustules on the palms and/or soles was evaluated. Patients were divided into a PPP group and a pompholyx group. RESULTS: There was no sex or age predilection in either group and no significant difference in overall localization and symmetry of lesions. Bilaterality was found in 75.0% of cases of PPP and 82.0% of cases of pompholyx. More lesions were found on the tip of the finger/toe, and the side of the toe in the pompholyx group than in the PPP group. However, there was no difference between two groups in lesions on the sides of fingers. More cases of PPP involved right distal interphalangeal (DIP) and bilateral proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint areas compared with pompholyx. There were more smokers in the PPP group. Among several comorbidities, only atopic dermatitis and nummular eczema were associated with pompholyx. CONCLUSION: Several characteristics of patients and clinical findings may serve as useful “clues” to differentiate between and determine treatment for PPP and pompholyx.
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Humanos , Comorbilidad , Dermatitis Atópica , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Eccema , Eccema Dishidrótico , Dedos , Articulaciones , Dedos del PieRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Periostin is a novel matricellular protein expressed in many tissues, including bone, periodontal ligament, and skin. Although its expression is prominent in various fibrotic conditions, studies of periostin in localized scleroderma are rare. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of periostin and other molecules in localized scleroderma. METHODS: A retrospective study of 14 patients with confirmed mature stage localized scleroderma was undertaken. Fourteen age-matched and biopsy site-matched subjects with normal skin were included as controls. Collagen fiber deposition, periostin, procollagen, transforming growth factor-β, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 expression were assessed and compared between the two groups. Co-localization of α-smooth muscle actin and periostin was evaluated using confocal microscopy. RESULTS: Periostin was predominantly expressed along the dermo-epidermal junction in the controls. Conversely, patients with localized scleroderma demonstrated increased collagen fiber deposition and periostin expression that was more widely distributed along the entire dermis. MMP-1 staining showed increased expression in the epidermis and dermis of patients compared to scanty expression in the controls. A semi-quantitative evaluation showed a higher proportion of excessive collagen bundle deposition (57.1% vs. 7.1%, p=0.013), diffuse periostin positivity (42.9% vs. 0%, p=0.016), and moderate MMP-1 positivity (71.4% vs. 7.1%, p=0.001) in patients than in the controls. CONCLUSION: Compared to the controls, patients with localized scleroderma had enhanced periostin expression corresponding to increased collagen fiber deposition and unexpected overexpression of MMP-1. The results of this human in vivo study may implicate the pathogenesis of localized scleroderma.
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Humanos , Actinas , Biopsia , Colágeno , Dermis , Epidermis , Microscopía Confocal , Ligamento Periodontal , Procolágeno , Estudios Retrospectivos , Esclerodermia Localizada , Esclerosis , PielRESUMEN
No abstract available.