RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. Conven - tional methods of cancer therapy are either invasive or have undesirable side effects. Therefore, exploring new therapeutic strategies to control the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma, such as cell-based therapies, is a key issue for prolonging patient survival. In this study, we aimed to evaluate tumor suppressive effects of mesenchymal stem cells on the in vivo pro - gression of hepatocellular carcinoma in murine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hepatocellular carcinoma was induced in 40 rats with diethylnitrosamine. Rats were divided into 4 groups: 1 group injected with diethylnitrosamine only, 1 group injected with diethylnitrosamine and 1 dose of rat bone marrowderived mesenchymal stem cells, 1 group injected with diethylnitrosamine and 2 doses of rat bone marrowderived mesenchymal stem cells, and 1 group was injected with diethylnitrosamine and 3 doses of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Rats were killed after 1 month of dose 3. Liver specimens were histopathologically examined, and serum samples were examined for liver function and cytokines. RESULTS: Histopathological examination revealed that mesenchymal stem cell transplant induced liver regeneration. It also improved liver function as revealed by decreased levels of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase. Mesenchymal stem cells also repaired the immunopathology of the liver environment, as it decreased levels of interleukin 2 and 10, tumor necrosis factor α, and interferon γ. CONCLUSIONS: Mesenchymal stem cell infusion significantly enhanced hepatic structure and function of livers in a rat hepatocellular carcinoma model.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Trasplante de Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , Animales , Médula Ósea/patología , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/inducido químicamente , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/terapia , Dietilnitrosamina/toxicidad , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Humanos , Hígado/patología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/patología , Ratones , Pronóstico , Ratas , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanomaterials have recently become immense research area as it is used widely in industries. So, it's chance of their release into natural environment and risk assessment to nontarget aquatic invertebrate increasing. So, the present study aimed to synthesize and confirm the crystalline formation of Co-Cd-Fe LDHs and Co-Cd-Fe/PbI2 (LDH) and then to investigate the toxic impact of the two LDH on the adult freshwater snails (Biomphalaia alexandrina). Results showed that Co-Cd-Fe/PbI2 LDH has more toxic effect to adult Biomphalaria than Co-Cd-Fe LDHs (LC50 was 56.4 and 147.7 mg/L, 72 h of exposure, respectively). The effect of LC25 (117.1 mg/L) of Co-Cd-Fe LDHs exposure on the embryo showed suppression of embryonic development and induced embryo malformation. Also, it showed alterations in the tegmental architectures of the mantle-foot region of B. alexandrina snails as declared in scanning electron micrograph. Also, exposure to this sublethal concentration caused abnormalities in hemocyte shapes and upregulated IL-2 level in soft tissue. In addition, it decreased levels of nonenzymatic reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), caspase-3 activity, and total protein content in significant manner. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was not affected by LDH exposure. It caused histopathological damages in both glands of snails and also caused a genotoxic effect in their cells. The results from the present study indicated that LDH has risk assessment on aquatic B. alexandrina snails and that it can be used as a biological indicator of water pollution with LDH.
Asunto(s)
Biomphalaria , Moluscocidas , Nanoestructuras , Animales , Hidróxidos/toxicidad , Dosificación Letal MedianaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Malignant ascites results from imbalance between protein in the peritoneal cavity and absorption of fluids via the lymphatic system. More than 20 interleukins (ILs) are known to play an important role in the protection against tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ascitic fluid IL-1B, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ levels were assessed in 45 patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites as judged by histopathological and ultrasonographic findings. They were divided into 2 groups according to presence of hepatic focal lesions. Ten patients with focal hepatic lesions were randomly selected and subjected to analysis of serum levels of IL-2 and IL-10. RESULTS: Ascitic fluid IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) than patients with cirrhosis. TNF-α, and IFN-γ were also found to be higher in HCC than patients with cirrhosis but with no significance. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in levels of IL-1B and IL-2 between the 2 groups. Ascitic fluid IL-2 and IL-10 levels were found to be higher in ascitic fluid than in serum of the same patients. CONCLUSION: Ascitic fluid levels of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 are higher in HCC patients than patients with cirrhosis alone. Levels of ascitic fluid IL-2 and IL-10 proved to be a better prognostic tool than their levels in sera of the same patients. To conclude, patients with cirrhosis may be subjected to scheduled examination of ascitic fluid cytokines to predict transformation into HCC.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Ascitis , Líquido Ascítico , Citocinas , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática/complicaciones , PronósticoRESUMEN
The technique of stem cells or hepatocytes transplantation has recently improved in order to bridge the time before whole-organ liver transplantation. In the present study, unfractionated bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) were harvested from the tibial and femoral marrow compartments of male mice, which were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with and without hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and then transplanted into Schistosoma mansoni-infected female mice on their 8th week post-infection. Mice were sacrificed monthly until the third month of bone marrow transplantation, serum was collected, and albumin concentration, ALT, AST, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were assayed. On the other hand, immunohistopathological and immunohistochemical changes of granuloma size and number, collagen content, and cells expressing OV-6 were detected for identification of liver fibrosis. BMSCs were shown to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells. Serum ALT, AST, and ALP were markedly reduced in the group of mice treated with BMSCs than in the untreated control group. Also, granuloma showed a marked decrease in size and number as compared to the BMSCs untreated group. Collagen content showed marked decrease after the third month of treatment with BMSCs. On the other hand, the expression of OV-6 increased detecting the presence of newly formed hepatocytes after BMSCs treatment. BMSCs with or without HGF infusion significantly enhanced hepatic regeneration in S. mansoni-induced fibrotic liver model and have pathologic and immunohistopathologic therapeutic effects. Also, this new therapeutic trend could generate new hepatocytes to improve the overall liver functions.
Asunto(s)
Trasplante de Médula Ósea , Hepatocitos/citología , Cirrosis Hepática/terapia , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/terapia , Trasplante de Células Madre , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Fosfatasa Alcalina/sangre , Animales , Antígenos de Diferenciación/biosíntesis , Aspartato Aminotransferasas/sangre , Células de la Médula Ósea/citología , Diferenciación Celular , Tratamiento Basado en Trasplante de Células y Tejidos , Células Cultivadas , Colágeno/metabolismo , Femenino , Granuloma/parasitología , Granuloma/patología , Factor de Crecimiento de Hepatocito/farmacología , Hígado/parasitología , Hígado/patología , Cirrosis Hepática/parasitología , Cirrosis Hepática/patología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Schistosoma mansoni/patogenicidad , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/mortalidad , Células Madre/citologíaRESUMEN
Remediation of soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a major environmental concern due to the toxic and carcinogenic properties of these compounds. Desorption and partitioning of anthracene, fluorene and pyrene within soil-aqueous systems in the presence of the nonionic surfactants, Triton X-100 and Tween 80,were studied. The results showed that the addition of Tween 80 solution at 10 g/L initial concentration enhanced the desorption of PAHs by 49.6%, 10.7% and 70.2% for anthracene, fluorene, and pyrene, respectively, from soil into aqueous phase at 72 h equilibration, while the addition of Triton X-100 could enhance the desorption of PAHs from soil by 59.5%, 17.4% and 86.3% for anthracene, fluorene and pyrene, respectively, at similar experimental conditions. The desorption behaviour of the tested PAHs in a ternary mixture was changed relatively since, in the presence of less hydrophobic solutes, the solubility of more hydrophobic solutes was increased leading to a higher desorption rate. The results showed that hydrophobicity is the primary property that controls PAH desorption from soil and surfactant sorption onto the soils (Qm) in which the latter were found to be 3.75 x 10(-6) and 4.82 x 10(-6) mol/g for Triton X-100 and Tween 80, respectively.