RESUMEN
AIM: To assess the effect of 90°-oscillatory instrumentation with hand files on several morphological parameters (volume, surface area and uninstrumented surface) in C-shaped root canals after instrumentation using a single-file reciprocation system (Reciproc; VDW, Munich, Germany) and a Self-Adjusting File System (SAF; ReDent Nova, Ra'anana, Israel). METHODOLOGY: Twenty mandibular second molars with C-shaped canals and C1 canal configurations were divided into two groups (n = 10) and instrumented with Reciproc and SAF instruments. A size 30 NiTi hand K-file attached to a 90°-oscillatory motion handpiece was used as final instrumentation in both groups. The specimens were scanned using micro-computed tomography after all procedures. Volume, surface area increase and uninstrumented root canal surface were analysed using CTAn software (Bruker-microCT, Kontich, Belgium). Also, the uninstrumented root canal surface was calculated for each canal third. All values were compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney test and within groups using the Wilcoxon's signed-rank test. RESULTS: Instrumentation with Reciproc significantly increased canal volume compared with instrumentation with SAF. Additionally, the canal volumes were significantly increased after 90°-oscillatory instrumentation (between and within group comparison; (P < 0.05)). Regarding the increase in surface area after all instrumentation protocols, statistical analysis only revealed significant differences in the within groups comparison (P < 0.05). Reciproc and SAF instrumentation yielded an uninstrumented root canal surface of 28% and 34%, respectively, which was not significantly different (P > 0.05). Final oscillatory instrumentation significantly reduced the uninstrumented root canal surface from 28% to 9% (Reciproc) and from 34% to 15% (SAF; P < 0.05). The apical and middle thirds exhibited larger uninstrumented root canal surfaces after the first instrumentation that was significantly reduced after oscillatory instrumentation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The Reciproc and SAF system were associated with similar morphological parameters after instrumentation of mandibular second molars with C-shaped canals except for a higher canal volume increase in the Reciproc group compared to the SAF. Furthermore, the final use of 90°-oscillatory instrumentation using NiTi hand files significantly decreased the uninstrumented canal walls that remained after Reciproc and SAF instrumentation.
Asunto(s)
Tratamiento del Conducto Radicular/instrumentación , Cavidad Pulpar/diagnóstico por imagen , Cavidad Pulpar/cirugía , Humanos , Diente Molar/diagnóstico por imagen , Diente Molar/cirugía , Níquel , Tratamiento del Conducto Radicular/métodos , Titanio , Microtomografía por Rayos XRESUMEN
AIM: This was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of Portland cement (PC) added to radiopacifying agents in primary molar pulpotomies. METHODS: Thirty primary mandibular molars of children aged between 5 and 9 years were randomly assigned to the following groups: PC; PC with iodoform (PC + CHI(3)); PC with zirconium oxide (PC + ZrO(2)) and treated by pulpotomy technique. Clinical and radiographic follow-up assessments were performed at 6, 12 and 24 months. Statistical analysis was performed by Fisher's exact test (P < 0.05). RESULTS: The clinical and radiographic evaluations showed 100 % success rates, and the results showed no statistically significant difference between groups. CONCLUSIONS: According to this study, PC added to radiopacifying agents exhibited satisfactory clinical and radiographic results in primary molar pulpotomies.
Asunto(s)
Medios de Contraste/química , Cementos Dentales/uso terapéutico , Diente Molar/diagnóstico por imagen , Materiales de Recubrimiento Pulpar y Pulpectomía/uso terapéutico , Pulpotomía/métodos , Diente Primario/diagnóstico por imagen , Compuestos de Aluminio/química , Compuestos de Aluminio/uso terapéutico , Compuestos de Calcio/química , Compuestos de Calcio/uso terapéutico , Niño , Preescolar , Resinas Compuestas/uso terapéutico , Cementos Dentales/química , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Cementos de Ionómero Vítreo/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Hidrocarburos Yodados/química , Masculino , Metilmetacrilatos/uso terapéutico , Materiales de Recubrimiento Pulpar y Pulpectomía/química , Pulpotomía/instrumentación , Radiografía de Mordida Lateral , Cementos de Resina/uso terapéutico , Silicatos/química , Silicatos/uso terapéutico , Resultado del Tratamiento , Cemento de Óxido de Zinc-Eugenol/uso terapéutico , Circonio/químicaRESUMEN
AIM: To evaluate the antimicrobial effect of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite alone (NaOCl) and associated with 9% HEBP (NaOCl/HEBP), 2% peracetic acid (PAA) and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), on the viability of Enterococcus faecalis biofilms attached to dentine. METHODOLOGY: Biofilms of E. faecalis were grown on the surface of dentine blocks for 5 days and then exposed to the irrigating solutions for 3 min. Distilled water was used as the control. The total biovolume and the percentage of dead cells of the infected dentine were measured by means of confocal microscopy and the live/dead technique. Nonparametric tests were used to determine statistical differences (P < 0.05). RESULTS: NaOCl and the NaOCl/HEBP mixture were associated with a significantly greater percentage of dead cells, followed by PAA (P < 0.05). No significant antimicrobial effect of CHX was observed in comparison with the control group. Total biovolume decreased significantly in NaOCl, NaOCl/HEBP and PAA solutions in comparison with the CHX and control groups. CONCLUSIONS: NaOCl alone or associated with HEBP were the most effective irrigant solutions in dissolving and killing E. faecalis biofilms.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Conservadores de la Densidad Ósea/farmacología , Clorhexidina/farmacología , Dentina/microbiología , Enterococcus faecalis/efectos de los fármacos , Ácido Etidrónico/farmacología , Ácido Peracético/farmacología , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/farmacología , Hipoclorito de Sodio/farmacología , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Microscopía ConfocalRESUMEN
AIM: To describe morphometric aspects of the internal anatomy of C-shaped mandibular premolars from a Brazilian subpopulation using micro-CT analysis. METHODOLOGY: First mandibular premolars with radicular grooves (n = 123) were scanned using a micro-computed tomography system. After cross-section analysis, 83 specimens were identified with a C-shaped canal and selected for micro-CT analysis. Number and location of canals according to Vertucci's classification, distances between anatomic landmarks, occurrence of apical deltas, furcation canals, prevalence of C-shaped cross-sections at five levels as well as 2-dimensional analysis (Area, perimeter, roundness, aspect ratio, major and minor diameters) were performed for the more prevalent anatomical features. Data were compared statistically using Kruskal-Wallis tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS: The more prevalent anatomical types according to Vertucci's classification were Type I (13%), III (8%), V (37%) and VII (2%). Mean distances from the furcation to the cemento-enamel junction were in the range of 5.36-5.65 mm. Apical deltas and furcation canals were present in 36 (43%) and 27 (33%) specimens, respectively. C-shaped cross-sections were more prevalent at the middle (56%) and apical middle levels (81%). Overall, significant differences were found in the 2-dimensional analyses between single canals at the apical third and buccal and lingual canals of Vertucci's V classification (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In this Brazilian subpopulation, C-shaped canal configuration of the root canal system was found in 67% of extracted first mandibular premolars with radicular grooves. Vertucci's types I and V were the most prevalent anatomical variations. C-shaped cross-sections were more prevalent in the middle third, and the presence of apical deltas was the most common feature in the apical third.
Asunto(s)
Diente Premolar/anatomía & histología , Diente Premolar/diagnóstico por imagen , Raíz del Diente/anatomía & histología , Raíz del Diente/diagnóstico por imagen , Microtomografía por Rayos X , Brasil , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Mandíbula/anatomía & histología , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) detected in cone beam CT (CBCT) images from a database. METHODS: CBCT images of 300 Brazilian patients were assessed. AP images were measured in three dimensions. Age, gender, number and location of total teeth in each patient were considered. AP location was considered according to tooth groups. The extent of AP was determined by the largest diameter in any of the three dimensions. Percentages and the χ(2) test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: AP was found in 51.4% of the patients and in 3.4% of the teeth. Higher prevalence of AP was found in 60- to 69-year-olds (73.1%) and in mandibular molars (5.9%) (p < 0.05). Inadequate endodontic treatment presented higher prevalence of AP (78.1%). CONCLUSIONS: AP can be frequently found in CBCT examinations. The presence of AP has a significant association with patients' age, and tooth type and condition. CBCT databases are useful for cross-sectional studies about AP prevalence in a population.