Asunto(s)
FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Monoéster Fosfórico Hidrolasas/metabolismo , Psoriasis/metabolismo , Tensinas/metabolismo , Adulto , Regulación hacia Abajo/fisiología , Humanos , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas/fisiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/metabolismo , Estudios Prospectivos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismoRESUMEN
Between March 1989 and May 1993, a total of 22 patients were treated by Ilisarov's method of callus distraction and compression in provincial hospitals in Cambodia and Ethiopia. In both countries were times of civil war and unrest. The indications were high-velocity gunshot and explosive injuries with defect fractures (9 patients), infected and non-infected non-unions after gunshot injuries (6 patients) and civil accidents (3 patients), and deformities after civil accidents and gunshot injuries (4 patients). The deformities were leg shortening by between 5 and 7 cm and in 1 case ankylosis of the knee joint in 110 degrees flexion. A simple unilateral or V-shaped external fixator with devices for distraction and compression was applied. The results in 19 patients are known, while 3 patients have been lost to follow-up since discharge. In 1 case of an infected defect fracture (12 cm) fo the femur amputation was necessary because of sepsis. In all 6 other cases the bone defects were bridged by means of segmental transport, distraction and compression; in all 3 cases of shortening it was possible to restore the original length; similarly, in the case of knee joint ankylosis flexion of 10 degrees was achieved. All 5 infected non-unions healed well after sequesterectomy and segmental bone transport with distraction and compression, and the same holds for the 3 non-infected non-unions. However, in 7 cases a minor spongiosa bone graft was needed to consolidate the ossification at the contact point after distraction and/or compression.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Asunto(s)
Alargamiento Óseo/métodos , Callo Óseo/cirugía , Países en Desarrollo , Fracturas Abiertas/cirugía , Traumatismos de la Pierna/cirugía , Seudoartrosis/cirugía , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos/cirugía , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/cirugía , Adolescente , Adulto , Callo Óseo/diagnóstico por imagen , Cambodia , Niño , Preescolar , Etiopía , Fijadores Externos , Femenino , Curación de Fractura/fisiología , Fracturas Abiertas/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas no Consolidadas/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas no Consolidadas/cirugía , Humanos , Traumatismos de la Pierna/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Seudoartrosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Radiografía , Reoperación , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos/diagnóstico por imagen , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
Serine protease genes (C11, B10 and HF) derived from activated cytolytic T lymphocytes have been shown to be important in CTL-mediated cytotoxicity. In this study, we examined the expression of these genes in fresh natural killer (NK) cells from severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and athymic nude mice, as well as in T-cell lines with NK activity. All of these serine protease genes were expressed in NK cells freshly isolated from SCID and athymic nude mice. In addition, all lines showed similar strong levels of expression of C11 and B10 genes, but not the HF gene. However, levels of expression in the T-cell lines did not correlate with levels of NK-like cytotoxicity. These results suggest that C11, B10 and HF serine protease genes are necessary but not sufficient for NK-like cytotoxicity.