RESUMEN

The scope of this paper is to identify dietary patterns and the relationship with menopausal status. It involved a cross-sectional study with 646 women in outpatient care in southern Brazil. Dietary intake was assessed by a frequency questionnaire and five dietary patterns were identified by main component analysis. The menopausal status was classified as premenopausal, perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Five dietary patterns were identified: fruit and vegetables; Brazilian fare (rice, beans and milk); snacks (cake, burgers, pizza and sweetbread); health diet (fish, fruit juice, bread and vegetable soup), and regional (typical food in the Serra Gaucha, like red meat, pasta and yams). After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, there was no significant association between menopausal status and dietary patterns. Only age, education and income were associated with dietary patterns. Five dietary patterns that described the food consumption of the population studied were identified, which are similar to those indicated as ideal for the Brazilian population. The findings reveal that the dietary pattern of women in menopause are significantly influenced by age, education and income but are not influenced by the menopausal status per se.

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Objetivo: Identificar os padrões alimentares e sua relação com o estado menopáusico. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 646 mulheres em atendimento ambulatorial no Sul do Brasil. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado por questionário de frequência e cinco padrões alimentares foram identificados através da análise de componentes principais. O estado menopáusico foi classificado em pré-menopausa, perimenopausa e pós-menopausa. Resultados: Identificaram-se cinco padrões alimentares: frutas e verduras, brasileiro (arroz, feijão e leite), lanches (bolo, xis, pizza, cuca), prudente (peixe, suco natural, pão integral e sopa de legumes) e regional (alimentos típicos na serra gaúcha como carnes vermelhas, aipim e massas). Após ajuste para características sociodemográficas, não verificou-se associação significativa entre o estado menopáusico e os padrões alimentares. Apenas idade, escolaridade e renda mostraram-se associadas com padrões alimentares. Conclusão: Foram identificados cinco padrões alimentares que descreveram o consumo alimentar da população estudada, sendo estes semelhantes ao indicado como ideal para a população brasileira. Nossos achados indicam que o padrão alimentar das mulheres no climatério possui influência significativa da idade, escolaridade e renda e que não sofre influência do estado menopáusico. .

The scope of this paper is to identify dietary patterns and the relationship with menopausal status. It involved a cross-sectional study with 646 women in outpatient care in southern Brazil. Dietary intake was assessed by a frequency questionnaire and five dietary patterns were identified by main component analysis. The menopausal status was classified as premenopausal, perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Five dietary patterns were identified: fruit and vegetables; Brazilian fare (rice, beans and milk); snacks (cake, burgers, pizza and sweetbread); health diet (fish, fruit juice, bread and vegetable soup), and regional (typical food in the Serra Gaucha, like red meat, pasta and yams). After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, there was no significant association between menopausal status and dietary patterns. Only age, education and income were associated with dietary patterns. Five dietary patterns that described the food consumption of the population studied were identified, which are similar to those indicated as ideal for the Brazilian population. The findings reveal that the dietary pattern of women in menopause are significantly influenced by age, education and income but are not influenced by the menopausal status per se.

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Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de hipertensão arterial e inter-relações com sobrepeso e obesidade, consumo alimentar e atividade física em estudantes de escolas municipais de Caxias do Sul. Método: Estudo descritivo e transversal, com 564 adolescentesde escolas municipais de Caxias do Sul-RS, no período de março a abril de 2010. Na coleta de dados, foi utilizado questionário composto de variáveisque permitiram identificar fatores de associação com a hipertensão arterial. Os dados foram analisados com o software SPSS vs 10.0, realizadas análises descritivas e teste de correlação de Spearman. Resultados:Dos 564 adolescentes avaliados, 59% (n:334) eram do sexo feminino, 12,1% tinham sobrepeso, 3% tinham obesidade e 21,7% eram hipertensos. Amaioria deles praticava atividade física de 2 a 3 dias por semana, principalmente na escola. Houve correlação direta entre as variáveis pressão arterial e índice de massa corporal. Para a variável atividade física, não foram observados resultados significativos. Verificou-se correlação inversa entre os graus de classificaçãoda pressão arterial e do índice de massa corporal com a frequência de consumo de alguns alimentos. Conclusão: A prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica encontrada nos adolescentes avaliados evidencia a necessidade de maior atenção à saúde dessa população.Os profissionais da nutrição devem participar com estratégias de prevenção e promoção de hábitos de vida saudáveis.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of hypertension and inter-relation between overweight and obesity,food consumption and physical activity in students of municipal schools in Caxias do Sul. Methods: Descriptiveand transversal study with 564 adolescents from public schools in Caxias do Sul-RS in the period March-April 2010. In collecting data, we used a questionnaire consisting of variables that identified factors associated with hypertension. Data were analyzed with SPSS software v. 10.0 and results were shown through descriptive analysis and the Spearman correlation test. Results: Of 564 evaluated, 59% (n = 334) were female, 12.1% were overweight, 3% were obese and 21.7% were hypertensive. Most of them were physically active 2-3 days a week, mostly in school. There was a direct correlation between arterial pressure and body mass index. For the variable physical activity there was no significant results. There was an inverse correlation between the degrees ofclassification of blood pressure and body mass index with the frequency of consumption of some foods. Conclusion:The prevalence of hypertension found in adolescents assessed serves as a warning, suggesting the need for greater attention to their health. Nutrition professionals should participate prevention strategies and promotion of healthy lifestyles.

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