RESUMEN
Early detection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in blood and blood products can be achieved by a sensitive nucleic acid amplification-based assay. We report on the performance of a PCR-based qualitative assay that detects both HIV type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 with a sensitivity of 20 to 50 copies/ml. The assay has a specificity of 99.6% and an inhibition rate of 1.7%. One milliliter of sample is processed with a manifold system and Qiagen columns, and one-third of the extracted sample is used for PCR amplification. An internal control sequence, which is processed and amplified with each sample, monitors for amplification inhibition. Samples are reverse transcribed and are then amplified by reverse transcription-coupled PCR, after which HIV-1- and HIV-2-specific probes are hybridized to the amplified products. Following hybridization, samples are detected in the LCx instrument by microparticle enzyme immunoassay techniques. The detection system has an automated inactivation step that controls for PCR contamination. The HIV-1/2 qualitative RNA assay detects HIV-1 group M subtypes A, B, C, D, E, F, and G and group O. Testing of several HIV-1 seroconversion panels has demonstrated that the HIV-1/2 qualitative RNA assay detects HIV infection on the average of 6 days before p24 antigen can be detected and 11 days before antibodies can be detected.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH/diagnóstico , VIH-1/aislamiento & purificación , VIH-2/aislamiento & purificación , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , ARN Viral/sangre , Anticuerpos Anti-VIH/sangre , Antígenos VIH/análisis , Antígenos VIH/inmunología , Infecciones por VIH/virología , VIH-1/clasificación , VIH-1/genética , VIH-2/clasificación , VIH-2/genética , Humanos , Juego de Reactivos para Diagnóstico , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
An improvement is achieved by palliative X-ray irradiation in about 70% out of 47 patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis and local cervical syndrome and/or cervicobrachial syndrome which was hitherto resistant to medicomechanical treatment. Higher rates of success (84%) can be achieved if the patients present an identical symptomatology, but less severe alterations of the vertebral column, even if the vertebral column is not irradiated. In case of severe alterations of the vertebral column, the success of palliative irradiation is diminished, even if the cervical vertebral column is additionally irradiated.
Asunto(s)
Neuritis del Plexo Braquial/radioterapia , Plexo Cervical/efectos de la radiación , Vértebras Cervicales/efectos de la radiación , Síndromes de Compresión Nerviosa/radioterapia , Dolor/radioterapia , Periartritis/radioterapia , Humanos , Húmero/efectos de la radiación , Cuidados Paliativos , Escápula/efectos de la radiaciónRESUMEN
The value of examining "polycystic disease" by means of nuclear medicine is being demonstrated -- using one case as an example. Nuclear medicine studies, because of their inherent capability of evaluating both morphology and function at the same time, seem to place this method ahead of others, including ultrasound and C.T.
Asunto(s)
Quistes/diagnóstico por imagen , Hepatopatías/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades Renales Poliquísticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Quistes/congénito , Femenino , Humanos , Hepatopatías/congénito , Quiste Pancreático/congénito , Quiste Pancreático/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades Renales Poliquísticas/congénito , CintigrafíaRESUMEN
The new substance Iodoxamate (Endomirabil) is a hepatotropic contrast medium. In a clinical comparative study, the contrast of the biliary ducts and gall bladder is equivalent compared with Ioglycamid (Bilivistan). Assuming equal conditions of injection and in conformity with animal experimental studies, the rate of side effects of Iodoxamate is distinctly lower than that of the referring substance Iolgycamid (Bilivistan).