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The genus Palumbina Rondani, 1876 belongs to the family Gelechiidae, which was until recently believed to comprise 26 species worldwide and mainly occurring in the Oriental region. Previously, only P.pylartis (Meyrick, 1908) had been recorded from this genus in Japan. In this study, five other species were identified. Four species were recorded for the first time in Japan, and another was newly described: P.acerosa Lee & Li, 2018; P.grandiunca Lee & Li, 2018; P.macrodelta (Meyrick, 1918), P.operaria (Meyrick, 1918) and P.muraseae Kyaw & Yagi, sp. nov. The host plant and larval feeding habits of P.pylartis, P.acerosa, P.grandiunca, and P.muraseae Kyaw & Yagi, sp. nov. were revealed. The immature stages of P.grandiunca, P.pylartis, and P.muraseae Kyaw & Yagi, sp. nov., including larval and pupal morphology, were first documented for the genus in which the larval chaetotaxy of P.pylartis and P.grandiunca is well observed. In their larval chaetotaxy, the details of their interspecific variation in the relative position and length of some setae are described. The pupal morphology of the species examined in this study is almost identical to the genus Thiotricha except for different traits on the abdominal segments A7 and A10. The traits of larval chaetotaxy and pupal morphology are also discussed for the subfamily. Photographs of the adult, male and female genitalia, and information on their biology and immature stages are provided.

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A new species Stereodytis eclipsia Tomura & Hirowatari sp. nov. from Japan is described. Images of the imagos, male and female genitalia, larval biology, feeding habits, and molecular data are provided. Additionally, its systematic position and the possibility that this species was invasive in recent years are discussed.

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A new species of the genus Nemophora Hoffmannsegg, Nemophora lutea Ko & Hirowatari sp. nov. is described from Korea, which is very similar to N. smaragdaspis (Meyrick) found in India and Nepal but distinguished by its the straight deep orange median band and metallic white lines on the forewing in both sexes. Illustrations of adults and genitalia are provided, with habitat information.

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Ninety-eight species of the family Adelidae, belonging to three genera in two subfamilies, were recorded and described in China, with illustrations of the adults and their genitalia. Keys to subfamilies, genera and species are also provided. Twenty-four new species are described, nine species are newly recorded from China, and four new combinations are made. Ecological photos and DNA barcodes of some species are provided, and the phylogenetic analysis based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences are conducted. The new taxa are as follows: Nemophora pseudalbiantennella Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. badagongshana Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. longlabiae Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. quadrata Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. basalistriata Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. digitata Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. duplicifascia Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. hunanensis Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. purpurata Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. arcuatifasciata Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. caeruliantenna Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. xizangensis Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. caerulea Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. songgangensis Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. conjugata Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. latilobula Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. longispina Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. ganziensis Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. jiajinshana Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. litangensis Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. tianpingshana Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. triangulifascia Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. yajiagengensis Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., and N. bispina Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov. The newly recorded taxa from China are: Nematopogon distinctus Yasuda, 1957, Adela nobilis Christoph, 1882, A. praepilosa Hirowatari, 1997, Nemophora albiantennella Issiki, 1930, N. chionites (Meyrick, 1907), N. smaragdaspis (Meyrick, 1924), N. trimetrella Stringer, 1930, N. optima (Butler, 1878), and N. bifasciatella Issikii, 1930. The new combinations are N. servata (Meyrick, 1925) com. nov., N. diplophragma (Meyrick, 1938) com. nov., N. chionella (Caradja, 1935) com. nov., and N. chrysocharis (Caradja, 1938) com. nov.

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Six Japanese species of the genus Lecithocera Herrich-Schffer, 1853 (Gelechioidea: Lecithoceridae) are treated: L. chersitis Meyrick, 1918; L. daebuensis Park Lee, 1999; L. duplicata (Gozmy, 1978); L. tridentata Wu Liu, 1993; L. fascimaculata sp. nov.; and L. fuscialaris sp. nov.. One species, L. duplicata (Gozmy, 1978), is reported for the first time from Japan. The male and female genitalia, wing venation, and adult appearance are illustrated for all the species.

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Two new species of the genus Promalactis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) are described from Japan: P. inokoi Tomura Komatsu sp. nov. and P. kogii Tomura, Yagi Hirowatari sp. nov. Additionally, Promalactis hoenei Lvovsky, 2000, originally described from China is newly recorded from Japan. Images of the imagoes and male and female genitalia are provided.

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The taxonomy and biology of the immature stages of two gelechiid species of Thiotricha Meyrick, 1886, found in the southeastern part of the Sino-Japanese region is presented. Thiotricha lumnitzeriella Kyaw, Ueda Hirowatari sp. nov., from islands in southwestern Japan is described. The larva of this species feeds as a portable case maker on Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. (Combretaceae). Thiotricha gemmulans Meyrick, 1931 originally described from India is newly recorded from Japan, mainland China, and Thailand. This species feeds as a portable case maker on Glochidion zeylanicum var. lanceolatum (Hayata) and G. zeylanicum var. zeylanicum (Gaertn.) A. Juss (Phyllanthaceae). Thiotricha acrophantis Meyrick, 1936 is newly synonymized with T. gemmulans. Images of the adults of Thiotricha lumnitzeriella sp. nov. and T. gemmulans including genitalia, and images and illustrations of the larval chaetotaxy and pupa for both species are provided. Larval feeding habits are described in detail.

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Asian species of the genus Vespina Davis, 1972 (Lepidoptera, Incurvariidae) are mainly reviewed. Vespina meridiana Hirowatari Yagi sp. nov. from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, and Vespina sichuana Hirowatari, Huang Wang sp. nov. from Sichuan, China, are described. The previously known Vespina species are associated with plants from the Fagaceae family on the western coast of the USA and East Asia and with Sapindaceae (Aceraceae) in eastern Europe. The two new species described here are associated with Fagaceae and Myricaceae, respectively, in warm temperate areas in Asia. Vespina nielseni Kozlov, 1987, which was only known from East Asia, is newly recorded from South China. A checklist for the genus is provided herein. Morphological information of the immature stages of the two new species is partially provided. The absence or reduction of a female frenulum and presence of approximately 20 thin pseudofrenular bristles, the dorsoventrally flattened pupa, and the minute tergal spines scattered on abdominal segments 3-8 are considered as possible autapomorphies of Vespina.

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A part of Japanese species of the genus Thiotricha Meyrick, 1886 are reviewed. Three species described by Omelko (1984) in the genus Cnaphostola Meyrick, 1918 are placed in combination with Thiotricha; Thiotricha biformis, T. angustella comb. nov. and T. venustalis comb. nov. These species are redescribed, and two new species, T. elaeocarpiella Kyaw, Yagi & Hirowatari, sp. nov. and T. flavitermina Kyaw, Yagi & Hirowatari, sp. nov. are described based on external morphological characters of adults and genitalia of males and females. Thiotricha chujaensis (Park, 2016), comb. nov. described in Cnaphostola from Korea, is newly recorded in Japan feeding on Mallotus japonica (Euphorbiaceae). One of the new species, T. elaeocarpiella sp. nov. has been associated with two different plants, Elaeocarpus zollingeri (Elaeocarpaceae) and Rhaphiolepis indica (Rosaceae). This paper presents the first comprehensive description of the morphology, pupal morphology and biology of species previously treated in the genus Cnaphostola and their relatives in Japan.

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Diagnoses and notes on biology and distribution of Japanese species of the suberis and angulifasciella groups of the genus Ectoedemia Busck, 1907 are given. Two species, E. chasanella Puplesis, 1984 and E. ortiva Rociene Stonis, 2013, are reported for the first time from Japan and their morphology is redescribed. In addition, we provide molecular identification of the two species and their relatives based on COI barcode sequences and the nuclear gene (EF1-α) sequences. The female of E. chasanella is described for the first time. We confirm that E. chasanella utilizes Quercus species (Fagaceae) as its hostplant: Q. dentata, Q. serrata, Q. crispula, and Q. acutissima. Ectoedemia ortiva was formerly placed in the suberis group, and its host plant was unknown. We move this species to the angulifasciella group and provide evidence that it utilizes Ulmus sp. (Ulmaceae) as its host plant.

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A new silvanid genus Borneophanus gen. n. is described based on specimens collected from Malaysian Borneo. A new species, B.spinosus sp. n., is described herein. Digitiform sensilla on the apical maxillary palpomere is reported in Silvanidae for the first time.

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During an ongoing DNA-barcoding campaign of the leaf-mining moths that feed on woody plants in Northeast Asia, four lineages of the genus Phyllocnistis (Gracillariidae, Phyllocnistinae) were discovered on dogwood (Cornus spp): P. cornella Ermolaev, 1987 on C. controversa Hemsl. (Japan: Hokkaido) and three new species - one feeding on C. controversa, C. florida L. and C. macrophylla Wall. in Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), a second species on C. macrophylla in China (Yunnan) and a third on Siberian dogwood Cornus alba L. in Russia (Siberia). All these species showed differences in morphology, in the barcode region of the cytochrome c oxidase I gene and in two nuclear genes (histone H3 and 28S ribosomal RNA). No correlation was found between the deep mitochondrial splits observed and the Wolbachia infection pattern. Based on both morphological and molecular evidence, the three recently discovered lineages are described here as new species: P. indistincta Kobayashi & Triberti, sp. n. (Japan), P. saepta Kirichenko, Ohshima & Huang, sp. n. (China) and P. verae Kirichenko, Triberti & Lopez-Vaamonde, sp. n. (Russia). In addition, the authors re-describe the adult morphology of P. cornella, provide the first record of this species from Japan and highlight the diagnostic characters that allow these Cornus-feeding Phyllocnistis species to be distinguished.

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Takahiro Yoshida, Michael Karner, and Toshiya Hirowatari (2018) This study revises the taxonomy of Taiwanese species in the genus Psammoecus Latreille, 1829. A new species, P. taiwanensis sp. nov., is described, and six species from Taiwan are recoded for the first time: P. harmandi, Grouvelle, 1912, P. dentatus Grouvelle, 1883, P. trimaculatus Motschulsky, 1858, P. triguttatus Reitter, 1874, P. labyrinthicus Yoshida and Hirowatari, 2014 and P. hiranoi Yoshida and Hirowatari, 2013. The following taxonomic synonyms are proposed: P. delicatus Grouvelle, 1908 = P. x-notatus Grouvelle, 1912 syn. nov. = P. nitidior Grouvelle, 1919 syn. nov. = P. raffrayi Grouvelle, 1919 syn. nov.; P. harmandi, Grouvelle, 1912 = P. boreas Yoshida and Hirowatari, 2014 syn. nov.; P. dentatus Grouvelle, 1883 = P. scitus Yoshida and Hirowatari, 2014 syn. nov.; P. simonis Grouvelle, 1892 = P. stultus Grouvelle, 1912 syn. nov. A key to Taiwanese Psammoecus species, a redescription of P. delicatus, and notes on the variability of P. harmandi are provided.

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The new species Roeslerstammia tianpingshanasp. n. is described from Hunan, China as the first record of the genus in the country. Examination of two enigmatic Indian species, R. metaplastica Meyrick, 1921 and R. hemiadelpha Meyrick, 1922, revealed that the latter is a synonym of the former. The male and female genitalia of R. metaplastica are described and illustrated for the first time. A checklist for the genus is given.

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The unique genus Biromiris Schuh is recognized from the Oriental region for the first time, with the description of a new species, Biromiris tomokuniisp. n., from the Philippines. The new species is documented with photographic images of the dorsal habitus and male genital structures. A key to all known species of Biromiris is provided.

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A total of twelve species in five genera belonging to the phyline plant bug tribe Hallodapini are treated. Two new species are described from Indochina: Cleotomiris inthanon Duwal & Yasunaga sp. nov. (Thailand) and Cleotomiroides vietnamensis Duwal & Yasunaga sp. nov. (Vietnam). New distributional records are also presented for some known species of Hallodapus Fieber and Wygomiris Schuh. Hallodapus persimilis (Poppius) is proposed as a junior synonym of H. ravenar (Poppius). Illustrations of the endosoma for four species, including the new species, are presented. Digital images of the male genitalic structures are shown for nine species, including the two new species, and also female genitalic structures of the species of Cleotomiris Schuh, Cleotomiroides Schuh and Wygomiris Schuh, are provided. The immature forms are documented for the first time for Acrorrhinium inexpectatum (Josifov) and Wygomiris kaliyahae Yasunaga.

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A new silvanid genus Dentirotacorimus gen. nov. is described based on specimens collected from Ulu Gombak (Malay Peninsula), Malaysia. Two new species, D. reticulatus sp. nov. and D. zigzag sp. nov., are described herein. A key to species of this genus and a table listing states of diagnostic characters of Corimus-like genera, including this new genus, are provided.

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This paper provides taxonomic and biological data on one new and one newly recorded species of Coptotriche Walsingham and one new and one newly recorded species of Tischeria Zeller from Japan. Coptotriche symplocosella Kobayashi & Hirowatari, sp. n. (host Symplocos lucida, Symplocaceae), and Tischeria kumatai Sato, Kobayashi & Hirowatari, sp. n. (host Tilia japonica, Malvaceae) are described. The pupal morphology of Coptotriche symplocosella is illustrated with scanning electron micrographs. Coptotriche minuta Diskus & Stonis, 2014 and Tischeria relictana Ermolaev, 1986 are newly recorded from Japan. The female, hostplants (Carpinus, Corylus, and Ostrya species), and immature stages of Coptotriche minuta and the adult features, female, and hostplants (Betula species) of Tischeria relictana are described with photographs and drawings for the first time. Mine types and characters of Japanese Tischeriidae are reviewed with photographs.

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The taxonomy of the Japanese species of the choragella-group of the genus Morophaga is reviewed. Previously, one species, Morophaga fasciculata Robinson, 1986, was recorded from Japan. In the present study, a second species, Morophaga plana, sp. nov., is described based on adult morphological characters.

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Taxonomy of the Japanese species of the genus Scardia is reviewed, and a new species, namely Scardia fusca sp. nov., is described based on the adult morphology.

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