RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown positive results of photobiomodulation (PBM) for improving performance and accelerating post-exercise recovery. However, the effects of PBM in healthy individuals who underwent a neuromuscular adaptation training remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of PBM during a training program combining sprints and explosive squats exercises on clinical, functional, and systemic outcomes in trained healthy individuals compared to a placebo intervention and a control. METHODS: We conducted a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Healthy males were randomly assigned to three groups: active PBM (30â¯J per site), placebo, or control (passive recovery). The participants performed a six-week (12 sessions) of a training program consisting of a combination of sprints and squats with recovery applied between sprints and squats. To prevent the influence of the primary neuromuscular adaptation to exercise on the results, all participants had to participate in a period of six weeks of exercise training program. Functional, clinical, and psychological outcomes and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were assessed at baseline and after six weeks. Results are expressed as mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Thirty-nine healthy male volunteers (aged 18-30 years; body mass index 23.9⯱â¯3â¯kg/m²) were recruited. There was no significant time by group interaction, and no significant effect of group, but there was a significant effect of time for maximal voluntary isometric contraction (primary outcome) (MD=22 Nm/kg; 95%CI: 3.9, 40) and for squat jump (MD=1.6â¯cm; 95CI%: 0.7, 2.5). There was no significant interaction (time*group), time, or group effect for the other outcomes. CONCLUSION: The addition of PBM to a combined training performed for six weeks in previously trained individuals did not result in additional benefits compared to placebo or no additional intervention.
Asunto(s)
Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad , Ejercicio Físico , Terapia por Ejercicio , Humanos , Contracción Isométrica , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad/métodos , Masculino , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial VascularRESUMEN
La kinesiología en Chile ha experimentado avances que requiere de profesionales competentes en las diferentes áreas. Una competencia transversal es el razonamiento clínico. Este estudio busca investigar la importancia de instaurar procesos de enseñanza y evaluación adecuados del razonamiento clínico, para la formación de kinesiólogos. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en 4 buscadores (Google Scholar, Lilacs, Scielo y Pubmed). Se concluye que, dado los escenarios clínicos actuales, es fundamental el aprendizaje de la reflexión y del razonamiento clínico en los estudiantes de kinesiología, siendo necesario revisar más investigaciones para obtener una evaluación válida y confiable del razonamiento clínico junto a una docencia sistematizada acorde a las exigencias profesionales actuales.
Physiotherapy in Chile has experienced progress that requires skilled professionals in different areas. A transferable skill is the clinical reasoning (RC). This study aims to investigate the importance of establishing appropriate teaching and assessment of clinical reasoning in the formation of physiotherapists. A literature search on four search engines (Google Scholar, Lilacs, SciELO and Pubmed) was performed. We conclude that given the current clinical settings, it is essential learning reflection and RC students in physiotherapy, but more research is necessary to check for a valid and reliable assessment of clinical reasoning with a systematic teaching according to the professional requirements current.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Biologic agents may induce immune responses that could impact drug action. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to assess antidrug antibodies (ADAs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from Argentina treated with etanercept, adalimumab, or infliximab at a single visit and correlate it with efficacy outcomes. METHODS: In this subset analysis of a noninterventional, multinational, cross-sectional study (NCT01981473), adult patients with RA treated continuously for 6 to 24 months with etanercept, adalimumab, or infliximab were evaluated for ADAs and trough drug concentrations of 2 days or less prior to the next scheduled dose. Efficacy measurements included Disease Activity Score based on a 28-joint count-erythrocyte sedimentation rate, low disease activity, and Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index. Targeted medical history of injection site/infusion reactions, serum sickness, and thromboembolic events were reported. RESULTS: Baseline demographics, disease characteristics, and duration of treatment of the 119 patients (etanercept: n = 54, adalimumab: n = 52, infliximab: n = 13) were similar across all groups. No etanercept-treated patient tested positive for ADAs compared with 19 (36.5%) of 52 patients and 4 (30.8%) of 13 patients treated with adalimumab and infliximab, respectively. In adalimumab- and infliximab-treated patients, ADA presence correlated negatively with trough drug levels. A greater proportion of ADA-negative patients achieved Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index of 0.5 or less and had better composite efficacy measures compared with ADA-positive patients. The rate of targeted medical events reported was low. CONCLUSIONS: In this subset analysis, RA patients from Argentina treated with adalimumab or infliximab, but not etanercept, tested positive for ADAs. Antidrug antibody-negative patients showed a tendency toward better clinical outcomes compared with ADA-positive patients.