RESUMEN
Innovative approaches for building "town and gown" relationships between practicing school nurses, community partners, and universities/colleges are presented through exemplars relating to research, education, policy, and practice. The exemplars demonstrate the critical factors of successful partnerships as validated by their outcomes.
Asunto(s)
Enfermería en Salud Comunitaria/organización & administración , Relaciones Interinstitucionales , Servicios de Salud Escolar/organización & administración , Servicios de Enfermería Escolar/educación , Universidades/organización & administración , Humanos , PreceptoríaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: This study assessed the perceptions and practices of school nurses regarding adolescent dating violence (ADV). METHODS: The membership list of the National Association of School Nurses was used to identify a national random cross-sectional sample of high school nurses in the United States (N = 750). A valid and reliable survey instrument was developed and a 3-wave postal mailing procedure was used to maximize the return rate (57%). RESULTS: Most school nurses (86.4%) reported that they did not have a protocol in their schools to respond to an incident of ADV. The majority of nurses reported that in the past 2 years, training to assist victims of ADV had not been provided to personnel in their schools (88.1%) and their schools did not conduct periodic student surveys that include questions on teen dating abuse behaviors (71.5%). Nurses who had a school protocol for responding to an incident of ADV perceived significantly fewer barriers to assisting victims of ADV and assisted more victims. Over half (55.3%) of high school nurses reported assisting a victim of ADV in the past 2 years. CONCLUSION: Nurses appear to need more training in ADV. In addition, nurses found a number of barriers (eg, lack of training on ADV, lack of time, and lack of private space) to assisting student victims of ADV. Schools need to establish a means for assessing the status of ADV in their student population. Schools also need to provide in-service education for school personnel regarding prevention, assessment, and interdiction of ADV.
Asunto(s)
Cortejo , Servicios de Salud Escolar/organización & administración , Servicios de Enfermería Escolar/métodos , Delitos Sexuales/prevención & control , Delitos Sexuales/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Educación Continua en Enfermería/organización & administración , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Evaluación de Necesidades , Investigación en Enfermería , Medición de Riesgo , Administración de la Seguridad , Servicios de Enfermería Escolar/educación , Apoyo Social , Estados Unidos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Young people are likely to experience noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), as the use of personal listening devices and other damaging factors (e.g., video games) increases. Little research has examined the role of school health personnel in the prevention and early identification of hearing impairment. A 32-item, valid and reliable survey was developed regarding elementary and middle school nurses' practices concerning hearing loss screening and prevention. The survey instrument was based on the Stages of Change theory and the Health Belief Model. A random sample of 800 nurses was obtained from The National Association of School Nurses. A two-wave mailing was used to achieve a 58% response rate. Forty eight percent indicated there were not many educational programs that addressed NIHL in students. Performing hearing screenings routinely can help identify those students at risk. School nurses need to become advocates for policies and programs that mandate hearing screenings and educational programs to help reduce hearing loss.
Asunto(s)
Pérdida Auditiva Provocada por Ruido/diagnóstico , Rol de la Enfermera , Enfermería Pediátrica , Derivación y Consulta , Servicios de Enfermería Escolar/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudiantes/psicología , Factores de Edad , Análisis de Varianza , Niño , Femenino , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Pérdida Auditiva Provocada por Ruido/etiología , Pérdida Auditiva Provocada por Ruido/enfermería , Humanos , Masculino , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Evaluación en Enfermería/métodos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Medición de Riesgo/métodos , Servicios de Enfermería Escolar/tendencias , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
Differences in response rates to a three-wave mail survey were assessed when the covering letters were signed by three versus one researcher. 375 surveys including covering letters signed by three researchers and 375 surveys including covering letters signed by one researcher were sent. A follow-up mailing was used to increase the response rate. 199 surveys were returned (53.5%) in which the covering letter had three researchers, and 218 when the covering letter had one researcher (58.7%), not a significantly different distribution.
Asunto(s)
Actitud del Personal de Salud , Autoria , Conducta Cooperativa , Correspondencia como Asunto , Recolección de Datos/estadística & datos numéricos , Seguro de Salud , Servicios de Enfermería Escolar/estadística & datos numéricos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Humanos , Rol de la Enfermera/psicología , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: From January through June 2009, 6.1 million children were uninsured in the United States. On average, students with health insurance are healthier and as a result are more likely to be academically successful. Some schools help students obtain health insurance with the help of school nurses. METHODS: This study assessed public school nurses' knowledge and beliefs of the impact of health insurance on students' health and academic success. The study also determined whether public school nurses or their schools were involved in helping students obtain public health insurance, and if so, how they did so. Additionally, the study assessed the public school nurses' perceived benefits of and barriers to helping students obtain public health insurance. A paper-and-pencil survey was sent to a national random sample of 750 public school nurses. The response rate was 56%. RESULTS: Nearly 60% of respondents had helped students enroll in public health insurance. The majority perceived that helping students obtain public health insurance would reduce school absenteeism (90%), improve attention during school (84%), reduce the number of students held back (80%), reduce school dropouts (72%), and increase academic test scores (69%). Although the majority (53%) of nurses thought schools should assist students' parents with filling out public health insurance enrollment forms, some expressed reservations about the process. CONCLUSION: School nurses indicated health insurance is important for the health and academic success of students. These beliefs are congruent with state Child Health Insurance Program (CHIP) directors' perceptions, yet few schools have taken on the role of facilitating student enrollment in public health insurance programs.
Asunto(s)
Actitud del Personal de Salud , Asistencia Médica , Pacientes no Asegurados , Servicios de Salud Escolar , Servicios de Enfermería Escolar , Planes Estatales de Salud , Niño , Servicios de Salud del Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Medicaid , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
This study examines elementary school nurses' perceived efficacy expectations, perceived barriers, and perceived benefits to measuring body mass index (BMI) in students in schools with mandated BMI policies versus schools without mandated policies. Of the 2,629 school nurses participating in the study, 67% believe nurses should measure BMI in schools, 62% believe BMI results should be sent home, and 81% believe nurses should be designing programs to help children address overweight issues. In schools with a BMI assessment mandate, the nurses' efficacy expectations are statistically significantly greater and nurses' perceptions of barriers to measuring BMI are significantly lower. The most common perceived barriers to measuring BMI are inadequate school resources (57.6%) and inadequate or inappropriate parental responses (55.2%). Obese school nurses perceive significantly more barriers to measuring youths' BMIs than do nonobese school nurses. Having mandates has a positive influence on school nurses and their measurement of BMI and increases the likelihood that nurses will measure BMI.
Asunto(s)
Actitud del Personal de Salud , Índice de Masa Corporal , Política de Salud , Tamizaje Masivo , Servicios de Enfermería Escolar , Adulto , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to assess elementary school nurses' perceptions of student bullying, actions when they encounter bullies or victims, and perceived level of preparation for dealing with this problem. School nurses identified the most common barriers to dealing with bullying, which included bullying taking place where the nurse is not supervising (49%), someone else in the school being more qualified to address bullying (41%), not having enough time (26%), and not being prepared to handle the problem (25%). Only 14% stated that there were no barriers to dealing with student bullying. School nurses believed that the most effective means to reduce school bullying were consistent discipline and improved supervision. However, these perceptions are not in line with current research, which indicates that the most effective method to reduce bullying is to create a whole-school atmosphere to prevent the problem from occurring.