RESUMEN
A stereotactic radiosurgery technique is described which allows stereotactic radiation therapy to be easily fractionated on a daily or weekly basis. This permits adequate and safe radiation therapy to lesions larger than 2.5 cm, such as large arteriovenous malformations, and possibly safer radiation to smaller lesions near crucial intracranial structures. The technique utilizes external scalp landmarks and avoids the need for standard stereotactic head devices.
Asunto(s)
Radioterapia/instrumentación , Técnicas Estereotáxicas/instrumentación , Diseño de Equipo , Humanos , Aceleradores de Partículas , Dosis de RadiaciónRESUMEN
A simple technique has been designed which identifies the gantry isocenter and aligns the laser beams to the isocenter of the gantry within 3-5 min with an error of less than 0.75 mm, depending upon the accuracy of gantry rotation.
Asunto(s)
Terapia por Láser/métodos , Técnicas EstereotáxicasRESUMEN
A new clamp with a flexible cable control mechanism for temporary intraoperative occlusion of the cervical internal carotid artery is described.
Asunto(s)
Arterias Carótidas , Enfermedades de las Arterias Carótidas/cirugía , Aneurisma Intracraneal/cirugía , Instrumentos Quirúrgicos , Constricción/instrumentación , Diseño de Equipo , HumanosRESUMEN
It is postulated that the repetitive thrust of a sensitized blood vessel, at the peak of systole, against a taut pia-arachnoid fiber may produce or accentuate vasospasm.
Asunto(s)
Aracnoides/fisiopatología , Circulación Cerebrovascular , Ataque Isquémico Transitorio/etiología , Contracción Miocárdica , Piamadre/fisiopatología , Sístole , Humanos , Ataque Isquémico Transitorio/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
A new variable-depth drill point has been designed which holds its position when applied to the skull, and which prevents plunging through the skull plate.
Asunto(s)
Craneotomía/instrumentación , HumanosRESUMEN
A feasibility study reveals that a standard linear accelerator, with only slight modification, can function in a manner similar to Leksell's multiple cobalt radiation device. A high radiation dose can be delivered to a 1-cm or 0.5-cm volume target with insignificant radiation effect on the surrounding tissue.
Asunto(s)
Radioterapia/instrumentación , Modelos Biológicos , Aceleradores de Partículas , Radioterapia/métodosAsunto(s)
Presión Intracraneal , Cráneo/fisiología , Adulto , Cefalometría/instrumentación , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
A doughnut-shaped balloon has been designed that can be inserted intravascularly by catheter to occlude the orifice of an intracranial berry or giant aneurysm or arteriovenous fistula. The blood in the parent artery can continue to flow uninterrupted through the hole in the balloon. In a preliminary study, an arteriovenous fistula was successfully obliterated in a dog. The technique for placing the ballon is described.
Asunto(s)
Fístula Arteriovenosa/cirugía , Encéfalo/irrigación sanguínea , Aneurisma Intracraneal/cirugía , Neurocirugia/instrumentación , Animales , Cateterismo/instrumentación , Perros , HumanosRESUMEN
A new tong has been designed that can be attached to the skull using the three-prong principle. It may act as a rigid integral part of the skull, or may simply swivel in the same manner as all contemporary tongs. This ability to function as a rigid attachment allows for flexion or extension of the patient's neck if indicated. The need for incisions or extra drills has been eliminated.