RESUMEN
Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is currently the recommended procedure for axillary staging in clinically node-negative early breast cancer at diagnosis. The present study aimed to identify Cytokeratin-19 (CK19) gene profiles that accurately predicted the outcome of breast cancer patients. Fifty tumor samples from breast cancer patients were analyzed for the expression of the CK19 gene using quantitative PCR. Also, normal breast tissues (N = 50) were taken from the same patients that had undergone partial or total mastectomy. This gene signature was confirmed based on tumor's stage, grade, and estrogen receptor (ER) status, using conditional logistic regression. Based on these findings, the negative reported lymph nodes for metastasis had micrometastasis in significant values. There was a significant difference between normal and cancer samples in CK19 expression. In this sentinel node evaluation, the relationship of this gene with tumor characteristics needs to be established and discussed finding a clear role for this gene in tumor outcome.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama , Humanos , Femenino , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Irán , Metástasis Linfática , Queratina-19/genética , Mastectomía , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Expresión GénicaRESUMEN
Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women around the world, and mortality is primarily caused by micro-metastatic disease. The complex mechanisms of breast cancer invasion and metastasis are intrinsically related to the malignant cell type so that early detection of micro-metastases can help prolongation of survival for patient. The aim of the present research work was evaluation of the expression status of mammoglobin protein as a candidate molecular marker in the negative sentinel lymph node (SLN). Fifty tumor specimens, and 50 normal adjacent breast tissue samples from the same patients were selected on the basis of having more than 10% tumor content for RNA extraction from SLNs. Tumor samples and normal adjacent breast tissue were archived in the form of frozen fresh tissue in liquid nitrogen. Real-time PCR was performed on a Bioner life express gradient thermal cycler system. Mammoglobin gene overexpression in breast cancer metastasis was investigated. Single marker results were mammaglobin 66.7% and CK19 50.0%, with 58.3% for the two in combination. Due to improved outcome with at least 3 genes (83.3%), it seems, triple marker evaluation will be most likely useful for detecting micro-metastases instead of studying separate genes.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Ganglio Linfático Centinela/patología , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Detección Precoz del Cáncer , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática , Micrometástasis de Neoplasia , Pronóstico , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Ganglio Linfático Centinela/metabolismoRESUMEN
The membrane epithelial mucin MUC1 is expressed at the luminal surface of most simple epithelial cells, but expression is greatly increased in most breast cancers. The aims of present study were to investigate expression of the MUC1 gene and interactive affects in metastases. Whole cell RNA isolation from 50 sentinel lymph nodes (SNLs) of breast cancer patients was performed using reverse transcription and real-time PCR. All patients were diagnosed with breast cancer and without metastasis, confirmed by IHC staining. The evaluation of tumor and normal samples for expression of MUC1 gene, the results were 49.1% non-expressive and 45.3% expression (Student t, p = 0.03). Also in comparison of normal breast tissue and breast cancer SLN for MUC1 gene, MUC1 negative SLNs were 75.0% (18 samples) and MUC1 positive samples were 25.0% (6 samples). Over-expression of MUC1 gene may offer a target for therapy related to progression and metastasis in women with breast cancer.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/secundario , Mama/metabolismo , Ganglios Linfáticos/patología , Mucina-1/genética , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Ganglios Linfáticos/metabolismo , Micrometástasis de Neoplasia , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , ARN Mensajero/genética , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Biopsia del Ganglio Linfático CentinelaRESUMEN
It has been established that different kinds of bacteria agents are involved in various cancers. Although the mechanism of tumorigenesis is not clearly understood, there is evidence for the presence of bacteria within tumors, with at least a progression effect for some bacteria that prepare suitable microenvironments for tumor cell growth. The aim of current study was to evaluate bacterial dysbiosis in sentinel lymph nodes of breast cancer patients. One hundred and twenty three fresh-frozen sentinel lymph nodes and a corresponding number of normal adjacent breast tissue specimens and five normal mastectomy samples were investigated employing RT-PCR. In addition using genus-specific primers were applied. There was a significant differences as presence of Methylobacterium radiotolerance DNA recorded between patients and normal control group (p= 0.0). Based on our research work, further studies into the role of microbes in breast cancer would be of great interest.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/microbiología , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Mama/microbiología , Methylobacterium/genética , Tolerancia a Radiación/genética , Ganglio Linfático Centinela/microbiología , Bacterias/genética , Bacterias/efectos de la radiación , Mama/patología , Neoplasias de la Mama/radioterapia , Estudios de Casos y Controles , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Disbiosis/genética , Disbiosis/microbiología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Genes Bacterianos/genética , Humanos , Methylobacterium/efectos de la radiación , Clasificación del Tumor , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , ARN Mensajero/genética , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Ganglio Linfático Centinela/patología , Ganglio Linfático Centinela/efectos de la radiaciónRESUMEN
Detection of micrometastasis in sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) is a very useful tool for appropriate assessment of the clinical stage of disease in breast cancer patients. Early identification of clinically relevant disease could lead to early treatment or staging approaches for breast cancer patient. Micrometastases in SLNs of women with invasive breast cancer are of great significance in this context. In this study we examined SLN biopsies considered to have small numbers of cancerous cells by real time RT-PCR. All of the samples underwent immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin for confirmation of the presence or absence of micrometastases. BUB1b expression assay of selected patients with and without metastasis showed overexpression in the former, but not in normal breast and lymph node tissue. Our results may be taken into account in the discussion about the merits of routine use of molecular assessment in pathogenetic studies of SLNs.