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The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis goes through a series of complicated, but well coordinated changes as a women enters the menopausal transition. The reproductive consequences of these changes are obvious, but there are also a number of general health consequences as well. As our understanding of the complex inter-workings of the HPO axis evolves, we will be better able to predict menopausal events and create strategies and treatments to optimize women's health as the progress through the menopausal transition.

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A questionnaire survey of high school students investigated the psychological phenomena associated with teenagers' membership in majority and minority groups. In the majority group, the socioeconomic status of parents was consonant with that of the high school; in the minority group, the status was dissonant with that of the school. The psychological impact of attending high schools that were consonant or dissonant with the student's family background was examined. The results are discussed in terms of the students' personal adjustments: views of their parents; and political, social, and personal attitudes and values. Minority teenagers were found to be more oriented to the home (especially to the mother) and to scholastic and future achievement, whereas majority teenagers were more oriented to their school peer group. Gender differences were also examined.

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A consciously acknowledged or claimed resemblance to one or the other parent is a familiar phenomenon. Despite its familiarity and frequency of occurrence, this phenomenon of being akin to one's kin has received almost no investigative attention. As a consequence, there has been little or no theorizing about how statements such as "I am like my father" should be regarded. Should a statement of this kind be placed somewhere under the rubrics of identification and identity and, if so, specifically where? Does a daughter's claim that she resembles her father in personality more than she does her mother mean that something has gone awry in the identification with her mother? Should the statement "I am not like either parent in personality" be regarded as a sign of an impending identity crisis? With the hope that we might provide some answers to such questions, this questionnaire study was observed.

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In a questionnaire study of 883 high school students, subjects were asked the extent to which their parents criticized them for 18 criticizable behaviors or attitudes. Over 50% of the respondents reported being criticized for being disobedient, lazy, and messy-issues central to family life. Further analyses indicated a relationship between perceived criticism and self-image. The more criticism the teenager perceived for a specific behavior or attitude (e.g., being selfish), the more likely that teenager was to perceive himself/herself as being that way. The differential impact of criticism in the context of parental rejection was also explored.

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A questionnaire study of 844 teenagers from four midwestern high schools focused on phenomena associated with their perceptions of which parent was "the real boss" and of how reasonable this "boss" was in dealing with the adolescent. Father was perceived to be the family authority about three times more often than was mother, although sons tended to see father as boss more often than did daughters, who tended to see mother as boss more often than did sons. Paternal and maternal authorities did not differ in perceived reasonableness. When either mother or father was perceived as a reasonable authority, the teenagers saw mother as highly involved, objective, and as enjoying life. Perception of high reasonableness in paternal authority was associated with the perception of father as involved, objective, enjoying life, and as not rigorous in his expectations for the child's compliance and achievement.

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ALTHOUGH PSYCHOTIC GRANDIOSITY, like delusions of persecution, constitutes a major symptom in paranoid psychoses, it has not aroused investigative attention. Surprisingly little has been added to our understanding of psychotic grandiosity in the past 50 years, and our knowledge of it has not advanced appreciably beyond the early descriptions provided by Bleuler, Kraepelin, Freud, and others. It is indicative of this lack of interest that Psychological Abstracts does not have a heading for grandiosity, and that no articles under the heading megalomania have appeared in the past five years. The goal of this paper, therefore, is to reexamine the phenomenology of psychotic grandiosity in order to ascertain its incidence, delineate the various forms it might take, and discover some underlying causal factors. Toward this end, I shall present empirical data gathered from 100 patients at the Illinois State Psychiatric Institute diagnosed during 1968-1971 as having some form of paranoid psychosis.

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