RESUMEN
Engineering new biomedical materials with tailored physicochemical, mechanical and biological virtues in order to differentiate stem cells into chondrocytes for cartilage regeneration has garnered much scientific interest. In this study, core/shell nanofibrous scaffold based on poly(É-caprolactone) (PCL) as a core material and alginate sulfate (AlgS)-poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blend as shell materials (AlgS-PVA/PCL) was fabricated by emulsion electrospinning. In this vein, the influence of AlgS to PVA ratio (30:70, 50:50), organic to aqueous phase ratio (1:2, 1:3 and 1:5) and acid concentration (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50â¯%) on nanofibers morphology were investigated. SEM images depicted that AlgS to PVA ratio of 30:70 and 50:50, organic to aqueous phase ratio of 1:3 and 1:5 and acid concentration of 30â¯% led to uniform, bead-free fibrous mats. AlgS-PVA/PCL scaffolds with AlgS to PVA ratio of 30:70 and organic to aqueous phase ratio of 1:3, showed admirable mechanical features, high porosity (>90â¯%) with desirable swelling ratio in wet condition. In vitro assays indicated that the AlgS-PVA/PCL scaffold surface had desirable interaction with stem cells and promotes cells attachment, proliferation and differentiation. Thus, we envision that this salient structure could be an intriguing construction as a cartilage tissue-engineered scaffold.
Asunto(s)
Alginatos , Diferenciación Celular , Condrogénesis , Nanofibras , Poliésteres , Ingeniería de Tejidos , Andamios del Tejido , Nanofibras/química , Alginatos/química , Alginatos/farmacología , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Andamios del Tejido/química , Condrogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Poliésteres/química , Alcohol Polivinílico/química , Animales , Condrocitos/citología , Condrocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Condrocitos/metabolismo , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/citología , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Various composite scaffolds with different fabrication techniques have been applied in cartilage tissue engineering. In this study, poly É-caprolactone (PCL) was printed by fused deposition modeling method, and the prepared scaffold was filled with Alginate (Alg): Alginate-Sulfate (Alg-Sul) hydrogel to provide a better biomimetic environment and emulate the structure of glycosaminoglycans properly. Furthermore, to enhance chondrogenesis, different concentrations of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) were added to the hydrogel. For cellular analyses, the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were seeded on the hydrogel and the results of MTT assay, live/dead staining, and SEM images revealed that the scaffold with 1% dECM had better viscosity, cell viability, and proliferation. The study was conducted on the optimized scaffold (1% dECM) to determine mechanical characteristics, chondrogenic differentiation, and results demonstrated that the scaffold showed mechanical similarity to the native nasal cartilage tissue along with possessing appropriate biochemical features, which makes this new formulation based on PCL/dECM/Alg:Alg-Sul a promising candidate for further in-vivo studies.