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Background: This study sought to identify the downstream target genes of enolase 1 (ENO1), clarify the role of ENO1 in gastric cancer (GC), and provide novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms of ENO1 in the occurrence and development of GC. Methods: We performed RNA-immunoprecipitation sequencing in MKN-45 cells to study the types and abundance of pre-messenger RNA (mRNA)/mRNA bound by ENO1, the binding sites and motifs, the relationship between ENO1 binding and its regulation of transcription level, and alternative splicing level by combining with RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data to further clarify the role of ENO1 in GC. Results: We found that ENO1 stabilized the expression of SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A (GPRC5A), and myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL1) by binding to their mRNA, which increased the growth of GC. In addition, ENO1 interacted with some other long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) or small-molecule kinases, such as NEAT1, LINC00511, CD44, and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), to regulate their expression to affect cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Conclusions: ENO1 may play a role in GC by binding to and regulating GC-related genes. Our findings extend understandings of its mechanism as a clinical therapeutic target.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of insulin addition to the total nutrition admixture (TNA) for glycemic control among patients with gastric cancer (GC) receiving supplementary parenteral nutrition (SPN) after gastrectomy. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 208 noncritical ill patients who underwent gastrectomy for GC from 2017 to 2019 at a tertiary teaching hospital in Lanzhou, China. All the included patients received individualized SPN and enteral nutrition treatment after gastrectomy. The patients were randomly divided into insulin and noninsulin groups based on the TNA composition. Blood glucose (BG) measurements, glycemic fluctuation, and hypoglycemia incidence during SPN were compared between the two groups. The postoperative comprehensive complications index (CI) and infections were compared according to insulin regimen and postoperative glycemic status. RESULTS: The mean BG was significantly lower and fluctuated less in the insulin group than in the noninsulin group (p<0.05). One unit of insulin per 6 g of parenteral nutrition glucose addition to TNA did not increase hypoglycemia incidence (p>0.05). Comparing CI and the infection rate, no significance was observed between the insulin and noninsulin groups, but a higher postoperative CI was observed in patients with hyperglycemia than in euglycemic patients (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Appropriate insulin addition to TNA has an overall positive effect on glycemic management in patients with noncritical GC who received SPN after gastrectomy. Postoperative glycemic status was associated with the incidence of relevant complications. Further research is needed for conclusive recommendations.

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Notably, 7xxx series aluminum alloy has become the most popular nonferrous alloy, extensively used in industry, construction and transportation trades, due to its high comprehensive properties such as high static strength, high strength, heat resistance, high toughness, damage resistance, low density, low quenching sensitivity and rich resource. The biggest challenge for aluminum alloy today is to greatly improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy, while maintaining its strength. The preparation method of 7xxx series aluminum alloy requires controlling time lapses in the process of heating, holding and cooling, and there are many species precipitates in the crystal, but the precipitated strengthening phase is a single type of equilibrium η' phase. Therefore, more attention should be paid to how to increase the volume fraction of η' precipitates and modify the comprehensive performance of the material and focus more on the microstructure of the precipitates. This article reviews the progress of 7xxx series aluminum alloy materials in micro-alloying, aging precipitation sequence, the strengthening-toughening mechanism and the preparation method. The effect of adding trace elements to the microstructure and properties of 7xxx series aluminum alloy and the problems existing in aging precipitation characteristics and the reinforcement mechanism are discussed. The future development direction of 7xxx series aluminum alloy is predicted by developing a method for the process-microstructure-property correlation of materials to explore the characteristic microstructure, micro-alloying, controlling alloy microstructure and optimizing heat-treatment technology.

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It is known that the Mediterranean diet (MD), which is characterized by high consumption of vegetables, fruits, cereals, beans, nuts, and olive oil, moderate consumption of fish, white meat, eggs, dairy products, and alcohol, and low consumption of red meat, processed meats, and foods rich in sugars or fats, can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancers. Previous epidemiologic studies had confirmed the protective role in the incidence and mortality of gastrointestinal cancers. This review discusses MD and gastrointestinal cancers risk through the studies which examined esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, or colorectal cancer. According to recent studies, MD is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of gastrointestinal cancers. But there is a lack of decisive evidence for the association between MD and its adjuvant treatment effect for gastrointestinal cancers. Considering the complexity of tumor etiology, we propose to design more related researches and more comprehensive data, which include diet, exercise and psychological integrated researches to reveal the relationship between MD and cancer.

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Although the immunomodulative properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) open up attractive possibilities in solid-organ transplantation, information concerning the optimal dose, route, timing of administration, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restriction and relevant mechanisms is currently lacking. Therefore, better characterization of MSC immunoregulatory activity and elucidation of its mechanisms are crucial. In this study, we confirmed that MSCs did not elicit proliferation by allogeneic CD4(+) T cells, suggesting that MSCs were not immunogenic. By using C57BL/6 mouse MSCs as donor-derived or recipient-derived or as third-party MSCs, we discovered that MSCs suppressed CD4(+) T cell proliferation and prolonged mouse cardiac allograft survival in a dose-dependent and non-MHC-restricted manner. We also found that intraperitoneal administration favored survival prolongation, although this prolongation was weaker than that via the intravenous route. Only infusion at earlier time points favored survival prolongation. Depletion of CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells did not affect the immunosuppression of MSCs on CD4(+) T cells. Moreover, MSCs did not induce regulatory T cells. The in vivo data revealed that MSCs did not increase the percentage of CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells and FoxP3 expression. More importantly, we demonstrated for the first time that depletion of CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells did not hinder MSC-induced survival prolongation, indicating that CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells were not essential for the prolongation of MSC-mediated allograft survival.

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The presence of appendix within a femoral hernia is a rare condition in an incarcerated femoral hernia. It has a characteristic groin mass, and the diagnosis of appendicitis is mainly made intraoperatively. A specific imaging appearance (ultrasonography, computed tomography [CT]) allows accurate prospective diagnosis. The recognition of this rare femoral hernia helps us to choose appropriate therapeutic approach. We report a case of an 81-year-old woman who present with painful and nonreducible groin mass. The ultrasonography and CT characteristic imaging features successfully diagnosed de Garengeot hernia. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a combination of CT and ultrasound in the preoperative diagnosis.

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