RESUMEN

Rickets is a disorder caused by a lack of vitamin D, calcium or phosphate. It leads to softening and weakening of the bones. Dental manifestation of rickets includes enamel hypoplasia and delayed tooth eruption. The most important oral findings are characterised by spontaneous gingival and dental abscesses occurring without a history of trauma or caries. Radiographic examination revealed large pulp chambers, short roots, poorly defined lamina dura and hypoplastic alveolar ridge. These dental abscesses are common, and therefore, extraction and pulpectomy are the treatment of choice. Oral manifestations of rickets should be diagnosed early by both physicians and dentists to prevent severe dental complications. This article aims to report a case of rickets in a 3-year-old girl, describing the dental findings and the treatment to be performed in these cases.

RESUMEN

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of various disinfectants for extracting human teeth. The objectives were to assess the effectiveness of 5% vinegar, 3% hydrogen peroxide, 70% alcohol, and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite for disinfection of extracted human teeth. Methods: The teeth were divided into one of the following four groups consisting of 10 teeth in each group. All teeth were immersed in separate bottles containing 10 ml of the disinfectant for 7 days at 25°C. No visible growth in the broth was considered effective disinfection. The Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) Number is SVIEC/ON/DENT/SRP/15186, and the IEC Clearance number is SVIEC/ON/DENT/SRP/15040. Results: Vinegar was most effective for bacterial disinfection, and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite was most effective for fungal disinfection. The result was statistically significant with Chi-square values of 0.015 and 0.057, respectively, and P < 0.001. Conclusions: Extracted teeth should be handled with extreme care as these are a potential source of infection. The present study documented the role of various disinfectants. Vinegar can be used as an effective disinfectant medium for extracting human teeth. Sterilisation and autoclaving are superior options while vinegar is cheap, readily available, and relatively non-toxic. All these qualities plus the fact that it has given encouraging results as an antibacterial disinfectant should necessitate its usage on a more regular basis than it is used at present.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The outcome of transcatheter closure in ostium secundum atrial septal defects is determined by the morphology of the defects. Modified techniques such as balloon assistance, pulmonary vein deployment, left atrial roof technique, and so on are used for circumventing the anatomic complexities and increasing the success rates. METHODS: We planned a prospective study looking at the outcomes of transcatheter closure in secundum atrial septal defects with modified techniques in different anatomic complexities identified in transoesophageal echocardiography and their association with outcome of transcatheter closure. RESULTS: Transcatheter closure was successful in 295 out of 346 (82%) patients with modified techniques. Balloon-assisted technique offered a success rate of 87%. The mean defect size was 34.7±2.78 mm (95% confidence interval (CI) 30.67-43.1 mm) with success and 40.16±4.5 mm (95% CI 32.16-44.7) with failure (p = 0.02). The mean total septal length was 38.11±0.63 (95% CI 35.21-40.56 mm) with success and 42.54±0.34 (95% CI 38.79-43.21 mm) with failure. The defect to septal ratios were 0.82 and 0.94 in success and failure groups, respectively (p=0.02). However, the absence of a retro-aortic margin, septal aneurysm, and multiple defects did not affect the success rate. Deficient inferior vena caval margin, deficient posterior margin, and size⩾40 mm had a high risk of failure with transcatheter closure. The odds ratio for procedural failure was 25.3 (4.3-143.8) in patients with malaligned septum, 8.3(1.4-48.5) with deficient inferior vena caval margin, and 4.1(2.5-19) for size⩾40 mm. CONCLUSIONS: The modified techniques for device deployment offer substantial chances of success in transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defects with anatomical complexity (82%). Variants such as defect size of⩾40 mm and deficient inferior and posterior margins have high failure rates with a modified technique.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Retained surgical sponge is an uncommon complication after laminectomy. A 67-year-old male presented with a discharging sinus in the cervical region following cervical laminectomy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed bilateral symmetrical lesions in the paraspinal area. Re-exploration revealed gauze pieces on either side under the muscle. Persistent discharging wound after surgery should arouse the possibility of a foreign body. Because of the rarity of bilateral lesions, the present case is being reported.

RESUMEN

Spinal schwannomas are benign intradural extramedullary tumors arising from spinal nerve root sheath. They are usually solid or heterogeneously solid. Totally cystic schwannomas are rare entities. Herein, we report a 60-year-old male presenting with backache radiating along the chest wall and weakness of both lower limbs. He had spastic paraparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic mass in the thoracic region. At operation, the cystic mass was seen to be attached to D4 dorsal rootlets. It was excised in toto and histopathology confirmed it to be a schwannoma. The relevant literature is reviewed.

RESUMEN

Two adults, 31 and 20 years of age, developed supratentorial metastasis 3½ years and 11 months, respectively, after gross total removal of their posterior fossa medulloblastoma. The first case developed spinal metastasis as well. Both had undergone craniospinal irradiation. Case 1 underwent laminectomy and case 2 underwent craniotomy because their presenting symptoms required so.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: To evaluate skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of Forsus fatigue resistant devices (FRD) and twin-block (TB) appliance in Class II malocclusion cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty young adult patients (age 13-17 years, overjet 6-10 mm) with a Class II division 1 malocclusion were randomly divided into two groups: group I included 10 patients treated with TB, Group II included 10 patients treated with FRD. Dentoskeletal changes were analyzed on lateral cephalograms taken before (T1) and (T2) at the end of the treatment. Inter-group differences were evaluated with Wilcoxon signed rank test, and intra-group differences were assessed with Mann-Whitney test at the P < 0.05 level. RESULTS: Both were useful in improving the esthetics. However, more AP skeletal changes were seen with TB appliances as compared with Forsus. Vertical skeletal measurements were increased after functional appliances. These results were more pronounced with Forsus appliance than TB. Increase in incisor mandibular plane angle was seen in both groups, but was found to be more pronounced with Forsus group. Similarly, extrusion of upper and lower molars and lower incisors was also seen in both groups. CONCLUSION: In this study we found TB to have more mandibular lengthening effect as compared to Forsus, and thus was found to be more effective in treatment of Class II cases. How to cite the article: Tarvade SM, Chaudhari CV, Daokar SG, Biday SS, Ramkrishna S, Handa AS. Dentoskeletal comparison of changes seen in class II cases treated by Twin Block and Forsus. J Int Oral Health 2014;6(3):27-31.

RESUMEN

A 22-year-old man presented with a large, soft, compressible swelling in the right occipito-parietal region. Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed blood only. The lesion was excised and histopathology studies revealed it to be a diffuse neurofibroma.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Free-living amoebae are known to cause fatal granulomatous encephalitis in immunocompromised individuals. They are also known to present as multifocal parenchymal lesions, pseudotumoral lesions, meningeal exudates, hemorrhagic infarcts, and necrosis in the brain. However, Acanthamoeba infection in an intracranial ependymal cyst has not been reported in the literature. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 25-year-old immunocompetent man presented with a suspected interhemispheric arachnoid cyst. The cyst fluid turned out be infected with Acanthamoeba. The patient was treated successfully with decompression of the cyst with combination chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: Acanthamoeba may cause secondary infection in an underlying brain cyst. A suspicion of such an infection must be raised in the presence of altered nature of CSF consistency. The aggressive chemotherapy is the only hope for favorable outcome. The dilemmas associated with the diagnosis and treatment are further discussed.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Intervention research for prevention of occupational low back injuries has focused on the effects of reducing extreme torso flexion and the external moment. Little is known about prevention strategies for torso twisting and lateral bending. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of pallet distance with regard to a constant lift origin on the torso kinematics and a measure of low back disorder risk. Fifteen male participants transferred 11.3 kg boxes from a constant origin to six different regions on a pallet. Two pallet distances with regard to the lift origin were investigated. ANOVA indicated that increasing the pallet distance resulted in increases in torso kinematics (velocities and accelerations) as well as a measure of risk of low back disorder. The increases in torso kinematics (e.g. twisting and lateral awkward postures and bending velocities) occurred mostly at the lower height regions on the pallet. It is concluded that increasing the pallet distance with regard to the lifting origin, with the intention to influence the participant to take a step during a palletizing task does not appear to be an effective intervention strategy to reduce the risk of low back disorder associated with torso kinematics.

Asunto(s)