RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of age and lexical status at the time of primary palatal surgery on speech outcome of preschoolers with cleft palate. PARTICIPANTS: Forty children (33 to 42 months) with nonsyndromic cleft palate participated in the study. Twenty children (Group 1) were less lexically advanced and younger (mean age = 11 months) and 20 children (Group 2) were more lexically advanced and older (mean age = 15 months) when palatal surgery was performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Samples of the children's spontaneous speech were compared on 11 speech production measures (e.g., size of consonant inventory, total consonants correct, % correct for manner of articulation categories, compensatory articulation usage, etc.). Next, listeners rated a 30-second sample of each child's connected speech for articulation proficiency and hypernasality, separately, using direct magnitude estimation (DME). RESULTS: Group differences were noted for 4 of the 11 speech production measures. Children in Group 1 exhibited larger consonant inventories (and true consonant inventories) and more accurate production of nasals and liquids compared to children in Group 2. On the DME task, significant group differences were found for ratings of articulation proficiency and hypernasality. Children in Group 1 exhibited better articulation and less hypernasality than children in Group 2. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggested that children who were less lexically advanced and younger at the time of palatal surgery exhibited better articulation and resonance outcomes at 3 years of age.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos de la Articulación/etiología , Fisura del Paladar/cirugía , Medición de la Producción del Habla , Habla/fisiología , Trastornos de la Voz/etiología , Factores de Edad , Preescolar , Fisura del Paladar/complicaciones , Fisura del Paladar/fisiopatología , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Desarrollo del Lenguaje , MasculinoRESUMEN
This study examined the relationship between speech measures at presurgery/9 months and postsurgery/13 months and speech and language performance at 21 months for children with cleft lip and palate and their noncleft peers. Comparisons were also made between the speech and lexical development of children with cleft lip and palate and noncleft children at 21 months of age. The participants included 30 children; 15 with cleft lip and palate and 15 noncleft children. Results revealed differences between the groups for several measures of speech and lexical development at 21 months. For the children with cleft palate, correlational analyses suggested that true stop production, both immediately before and after palatal surgery, was positively correlated with a majority of the speech production measures at 21 months. At postsurgery/13 months, true stop production was related to later vocabulary development, and size of true consonant inventory was related to all measure of speech production and one measure of lexical development at 21 months. For the noncleft group, true canonical babbling ratio at 13 months was the only measure that was significantly correlated with any of the speech and/or language measures at 21 months. The impact of clefting on prelinguistic and later speech and language skills is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Labio Leporino/complicaciones , Fisura del Paladar/complicaciones , Fonación , Trastornos del Habla/etiología , Labio Leporino/fisiopatología , Labio Leporino/cirugía , Fisura del Paladar/fisiopatología , Fisura del Paladar/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Desarrollo del Lenguaje , Masculino , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Habla , Trastornos del Habla/fisiopatología , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether palatal obturators enhance consonant development during babbling for babies with unrepaired cleft palate. PARTICIPANTS: Fourteen babies with cleft palate who had worn anterior palatal obturators prior to palatal surgery were matched to 14 unobturated babies according to cleft type, sex, and age at time of presurgical evaluation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Spontaneous vocalizations of the obturated and unobturated groups were compared to determine whether differences were evident in size of consonant inventory as well as place and manner of consonant production. RESULTS: Paired t tests revealed no significant differences between the groups in size of consonant inventory or place and manner of consonant production. There was a trend for babies in the obturated group to produce more glottal consonants. CONCLUSIONS: In general, the findings of this study suggested that palatal obturators do not appear to facilitate production of anterior palatal consonants during babbling.