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BACKGROUND: The oral cavity has been referred to as "the gateway to overall health." It is also said to be the meeting point of medicine and dentistry. AIMS: Our study sought to determine the extent to which the public was aware of the connection between oral/periodontal conditions and general health. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: The observational cross-sectional study's questionnaire was sectioned into oral health awareness, systemic influence on oral health, and personal oral health assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 994 responses were recorded and a Chi-square test was performed to uncover the relationships using SPSS version 22.0. According to responses, 70% of the population on average comprehended the responses to the majority of the oral health awareness-related questions. RESULTS: It has been noticed that only 30% of the general public was aware of the prevalent health issues like diabetes, hypertension, and malnutrition's impact on dental health. However, more than 60% had confidence in their oral health and gave a rating of at least 5. CONCLUSION: The study indicates that a good number of the population was prioritizing their oral health. However, there exists a definitive need to improve oral health awareness thereby ameliorating the overall health of an individual.
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Diabetes Mellitus , Medicina , Enfermedades Periodontales , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , India/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Serum urea levels are essential for the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD), as they are a measure of renal function. Salivary urea has been used as an alternative to serum urea in patients with CKD. AIM: To estimate serum urea levels and their correlation with salivary urea levels in order to validate the use of saliva as an alternative diagnostic tool for renal dysfunction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty healthy individuals and 150 patients with CKD (30 from each CKD stage) were recruited for the study. Serum and salivary samples were collected to estimate the urea levels, and statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS: Statistically significant (P < 0.05) differences in the mean serum and salivary urea levels were observed between the healthy and each stage of the CKD group; significance at P < 0.05 was observed within the stages of CKD as well. Correlation analysis also showed significant differences between the serum and salivary urea levels at each stage of the disease. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed a higher area under the curve of 0.917 at a 95% confidence interval with a salivary urea cut-off of 28.25 mg/dl (sensitivity and specificity: 88% and 84%, respectively). CONCLUSION: The variability in salivary urea levels in the early and late stages suggests the use of salivary urea in the late stages of CKD. It is suggested that salivary urea levels may be used as an alternative to serum to assess and monitor the progression of renal impairment along with other standard renal function markers.
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Insuficiencia Renal Crónica , Urea , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Creatinina , India , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/diagnóstico , Saliva/químicaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The oral cavity is a colossal reservoir for the bacteria. The healing of tissues is compromised after flap surgery, particularly in the presence of sutures, as they can act as repositories for bacteria, ultimately leading to surgical site infections. Hence, antibacterial-coated sutures have been considered as an alternative to reduce the risk of these infections and further improve the wound healing of the tissues after flap surgery. Since minimal information is available on the effect of antibacterial-coated sutures on periodontal tissues, this study aims to clinically and microbiologically assess the antibacterial efficacy of Triclosan (TCS) and Chlorhexidine-coated sutures (CCS) on periodontal tissues compared to non-coated sutures (NCS). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 75 subjects with moderate to severe periodontitis were included in the study and randomly allocated to one of the three groups, (TCS, CCS, and NCS groups) equally. Suture removal was performed on postoperative day 8, and parameters such as wound healing and post-operative pain were evaluated. The retrieved suture samples were subjected to microbiological analysis and the bacteria were identified quantitatively and qualitatively. RESULTS: Intragroup analysis of the wound healing index and post-operative pain for all the groups showed a significant improvement (p<0.01), from day 8 to day 30. Intergroup analysis of the wound healing index revealed significant wound healing (p<0.05) on day 15 and day 30. For post-operative pain, intergroup analyses showed significantly low pain scores (p<0.01) for the TCS group. Microbiologic analysis of aerobic colony counts in both anterior and posterior regions revealed significantly (p<0.01) least colony counts in TCS and highest colony counts in NCS groups, respectively. Although anaerobic colony counts were not statistically significant, relatively fewer colony counts were identified in the TCS group. Whereas, relatively higher anaerobic colony counts were seen in the CCS group in the anterior region and in the NCS group in the posterior region. Qualitative assessment revealed higher amounts of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species in all the three groups (TCS, CCS, and NCS groups). CONCLUSIONS: Antibacterial-coated sutures, particularly Triclosan-coated sutures, are effective in reducing bacterial accumulation compared to non-coated sutures. Therefore, these sutures can be effectively utilized in periodontal flap surgery.
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Antiinfecciosos Locales , Triclosán , Humanos , Triclosán/farmacología , Clorhexidina/farmacología , Antiinfecciosos Locales/farmacología , Antibacterianos , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/prevención & control , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/microbiología , Suturas/microbiología , Bacterias , Dolor PostoperatorioRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the scanning accuracy of two different intra-oral scanners- MEDIT i500 and TRIOS 3 shape in reproducing orthodontic bracket dimensions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This in vivo cross-sectional study comprised seven subjects with a full complement of permanent dentition without third molars. Complete arch scanning was carried out with two intraoral scanners, such as MEDIT i500, TRIOS 3 shape, after bonding with brackets. The control group consisted of bracket dimensions measured directly by using Vernier calipers before bonding. Bracket dimensions of three-dimensional (3D) images were measured by using OrthoAnalyzer software. The accuracy of intraoral scanning was investigated by comparing bracket dimensions among the three groups using One-way ANOVA and Post-Hoc Tukey HSD test, and by evaluating outcomes for each quadrant and an individual tooth in complete-arch scans. RESULTS: When comparing bracket dimensions of 3D images with manual measurements using a traditional Vernier caliper, MEDIT i500 showed no significant difference when compared to the control group (p>0.05) in full arch scanning as well as the quadrant and single tooth scans in complete arch scanning. TRIOS 3 shape showed a significant difference when compared to the control and MEDIT i500 group (p<0.05) for all parameters. CONCLUSIONS: MEDIT i500 showed higher accuracy and better reproduction of orthodontic bracket dimensions than TRIOS 3 shape.
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Soportes Ortodóncicos , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Tercer Molar , Apego a Objetos , CintigrafíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of hand and ultrasonic scaling and to evaluate the surface roughness on the root surface of periodontally involved teeth using a scanning electron microscope. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A sample of 90 single-rooted teeth with a hopeless prognosis was selected for the study and divided into three separate groups. Group I consist of no treatment. In Group II, hand scaling was done using Gracey curettes, and in Group III, ultrasonic scaling was done. The teeth were then extracted and fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution for 24-48 hours and subjected to scanning electron microscopic (SEM) evaluation. RESULTS: The SEM analysis revealed that the remaining calculus index was found to be similar in the ultrasonic group and the hand scaling group, whereas the surface roughness was found to be the least in the ultrasonic group. CONCLUSIONS: Hand instrumentation has resulted in more surface roughness as compared to ultrasonic instruments.
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Terapia por Ultrasonido , Ultrasonido , Aplanamiento de la Raíz , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Electrones , Diseño de Equipo , Raíz del Diente/diagnóstico por imagen , Raíz del Diente/ultraestructuraRESUMEN
Background: Essential oils (EOs) have a considerable amount of therapeutic and preventive effect in treating dental diseases due to their wider potential as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agents. EOs like virgin coconut oil, eucalyptus oil, peppermint oil thyme oil, and clove oil, when used in combination, may further have enhanced antimicrobial effects. However, limited information exists on the synergistic effect of these oils when used in combination, especially on the primary periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Aim: The current study aims to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of commercially available EO on the periodontal pathogen, P. gingivalis, in comparison to chlorhexidine (CHX). Materials and Methods: Antimicrobial efficacy of EO and CHX was assessed at various concentrations against the periodontal pathogen P. gingivalis, by evaluating the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results: P. gingivalis was seen to be sensitive at a MIC of 100 µg/ml and 50 µg/ml concentration of the EO, which is regarded as the MIC of EO against P. gingivalis and CHX effectively inhibited microbial growth at 0.4 µg/ml. Conclusion: A combination of EOs possesses a potent antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis, and the antibacterial efficacy increases with increasing concentration of EOs.