RESUMEN
Biopolymer-based electrospun mats, mimicking the extracellular matrix, have been extensively explored in biomedical applications. This study compares Achillea millefolium (AM) and Viola (V) extracts for developing a biocompatible wound dressing. The extracts were incorporated into a Chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA) matrix via electrospinning. Crosslinking with Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) improved chemical stability, water resistance, and biodegradability. The resulting mats exhibited flawless interconnected nanofibers, confirming the presence of AM and Viola extracts as analyzed via FTIR. Significant differences were observed between these two herbal extracts, particularly in mechanical properties, with tensile strengths of 6.9 MPa for AM and 17.2 MPa for Viola. Viola extract demonstrated robust antibacterial properties, producing an 8.2 mm inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus, compared to AM's 30 %. The release of therapeutic agents indicated an initial rapid phase, followed by a controlled 72 h release at a consistent rate. Notably, Viola extract led to 80.9 % wound closure on the 10th day, surpassing AM extract at 63.7 %. In contrast, the control group achieved only 32.1 % closure. This comparative study underscores the distinct advantages of AM and Viola extracts in wound dressing applications. While AM presents specific strengths, Viola extract exhibits superior mechanical properties, antibacterial efficacy, and accelerated wound closure, suggesting its potential with significant clinical implications.
Asunto(s)
Achillea , Antibacterianos , Vendajes , Quitosano , Nanofibras , Extractos Vegetales , Alcohol Polivinílico , Staphylococcus aureus , Cicatrización de Heridas , Quitosano/química , Quitosano/farmacología , Alcohol Polivinílico/química , Nanofibras/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Achillea/química , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Resistencia a la Tracción , Imidazoles/química , Imidazoles/farmacología , Reactivos de Enlaces Cruzados/química , Pruebas de Sensibilidad MicrobianaRESUMEN
Membrane technology has revolutionized various fields with its energy efficiency, versatility, user-friendliness, and adaptability. This study introduces a microfluidic chip, comprised of silicone rubber and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) sheets to explore the impacts of polymeric support morphology on electro-membrane extraction efficiency, representing a pioneering exploration in this field. In this research, three polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) membranes with distinct pore sizes were fabricated and their characteristics were assessed through field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). This investigation centers on the extraction of three widely prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: aspirin (ASA), naproxen (NAP), and ibuprofen (IBU). Quantitative parameters in the extraction process including voltage, donor phase flow rate, and acceptor phase composition were optimized, considering the type of membrane as a qualitative factor. To assess the performance of the fabricated PVDF membranes, a comparative analysis with a commercially available Polypropylene (PP) membrane was conducted. Efficient enrichment factors of 30.86, 23.15, and 21.06 were attained for ASA, NAP, and IBU, respectively, from urine samples under optimal conditions using the optimum PVDF membrane. Significantly, the choice of the ideal membrane amplified the purification levels of ASA, NAP, and IBU by factors of 1.6, 7.5, and 40, respectively.
Asunto(s)
Ibuprofeno , Membranas Artificiales , Polivinilos , Polivinilos/química , Ibuprofeno/aislamiento & purificación , Ibuprofeno/química , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/aislamiento & purificación , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/química , Humanos , Naproxeno/aislamiento & purificación , Naproxeno/química , Aspirina/química , Aspirina/aislamiento & purificación , Técnicas Analíticas Microfluídicas , Límite de Detección , Polímeros de FluorocarbonoRESUMEN
An infected skin wound caused by external injury remains a serious challenge. Electrospun drug-loaded nanofibers with antibacterial properties based on biopolymers have been widely explored for wound healing. In this study, the double-layer CS/PVA/mupirocin (CPM) + CS/PVA/bupivacaine (CPB) mats were prepared by electrospinning method (20 % polymer weight) and then crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) to optimize the water-resistant and biodegradation properties for wound dressing applications. The morphology of mats was characterized as defect-free and interconnected nanofibers by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) analysis also assessed the chemical structural properties. The porosity, surface wettability, and swelling degree of the dual-drug loaded mats were improved by about 20 %, 12°, and 200 % of the CS/PVA sample to provide a moist environment for efficient wound breathing and repairing. This highly porous mat facilitated the wound exudates absorption and air permeability excellently, reducing the chance of bacterial infections by inhibiting the growth of S. aureus bacterial colonies with a zone of 71.3 mm diameter. In vitro drug release results showed a high-burst release of 80 % and a continuous release profile for bupivacaine and mupirocin, respectively. MTT assay and in vivo tests indicated >90 % of cell viability and improvement in cell proliferation. It triply accelerated wound closure compared to the control group, reaching nearly full closure after 21 days as a potential clinical wound treatment.