RESUMEN
The presence, abundance, and distribution of sandflies are strongly influenced by climate and environmental changes. This study aimed to describe the sandfly fauna in an intense transmission area for visceral leishmaniasis and to evaluate the association between the abundance of Lutzomyia longipalpis sensu lato (Lutz & Neiva 1912) (Diptera: Psychodidae) and climatic variables. Captures were carried out 2 yr (July 2017 to June 2019) with automatic light traps in 16 sites of the urban area of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul state. The temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), precipitation (mm3), and wind speed (km/h) were obtained by a public domain database. The Wilcoxon test compared the absolute frequencies of the species by sex. The association between climatic variables and the absolute frequency of Lu. longipalpis s.l. was assessed using the Spearman's correlation coefficient. A total of 1,572 sandflies into four species were captured. Lutzomyia longipalpis s.l. was the most abundant species and presented a significant correlation with the average temperature, humidity, and wind speed in different periods. Lutzomyia longipalpis s.l. was captured in all months, showing its plasticity in diverse weather conditions. We emphasize the importance of regular monitoring of vectors and human and canine cases, providing data for surveillance and control actions to continue to be carried out in the municipality.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros , Leishmaniasis Visceral , Phlebotomus , Psychodidae , Animales , Brasil/epidemiología , Perros , Insectos Vectores , Densidad de Población , Estaciones del AñoRESUMEN
Leishmania infantum is the etiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the Americas with domestic dogs being its major reservoir hosts. The main VL vector is the sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis, while other Lutzomyia species may play a role in disease transmission. Although the genetic structure of L. infantum populations has been widely evaluated, only a few studies have addressed this subject coupled to the genetic structure of the respective sandfly vectors. In this study, we analyzed the population structure of L. infantum in three major VL endemic areas in Brazil and associated it with Lutzomyia longipalpis geographic structure.