RESUMEN
Objective To explore the observation and nursing of traumatic mediastinal hematoma.Methods The clinical data in 44 cases of mediastinal hematoma treated in our department from July 2006 to May 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.Results Forty cases were cured,4 cases(9％) died,the mortality rate was 9％,in which 1 case died from postoperative consumptive coagulopathy,1 case died from acute coronary syndrome and 2 cases died from traumatic hemorrhagic shock.Conclusion Timely diagnosis and treatment of intrathoracic cardiac and vascular injury are the key to save the lives of patients;the nursing focuses include observing the hematoma progress,adopting the comprehensive treatment measures such as controlled hypotension,limited fluid resuscitation and correctly selecting infusion approach for preventing hematoma enlargement and rupture.