RESUMEN
To expand the single-dose duration over which noninvasive clinical and preclinical cancer imaging can be conducted with high sensitivity, and well-defined spatial and temporal resolutions, a facile strategy to prepare ultrasmall nanoparticulate X-ray contrast media (nano-XRCM) as dual-modality imaging agents for positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) has been established. Synthesized from controlled copolymerization of triiodobenzoyl ethyl acrylate and oligo(ethylene oxide) acrylate monomers, the amphiphilic statistical iodocopolymers (ICPs) could directly dissolve in water to afford thermodynamically stable solutions with high aqueous iodine concentrations (>140 mg iodine/mL water) and comparable viscosities to conventional small molecule XRCM. The formation of ultrasmall iodinated nanoparticles with hydrodynamic diameters of ca. 10 nm in water was confirmed by dynamic and static light scattering techniques. In a breast cancer mouse model, in vivo biodistribution studies revealed that the 64Cu-chelator-functionalized iodinated nano-XRCM exhibited extended blood residency and higher tumor accumulation compared to typical small molecule imaging agents. PET/CT imaging of tumor over 3 days showed good correlation between PET and CT signals, while CT imaging allowed continuous observation of tumor retention even after 10 days post-injection, enabling longitudinal monitoring of tumor retention for imaging or potentially therapeutic effect after a single administration of nano-XRCM.
RESUMEN
Severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causes neurological disease in some patients suggesting that infection can affect both the peripheral and central nervous system (PNS and CNS, respectively). It is not clear whether the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection of PNS and CNS neurons is similar, and which are the key factors that cause neurological disease: SARS-CoV-2 infection or the subsequent immune response. Here, we addressed these questions by infecting human induced-pluripotent stem cell-derived CNS and PNS neurons with the {beta} strain of SARS-CoV-2. Our results show that SARS-CoV-2 infects PNS neurons more efficiently than CNS neurons, despite lower expression levels of angiotensin converting enzyme 2. Infected PNS neurons produced interferon {lambda}1, several interferon stimulated genes and proinflammatory cytokines. They also displayed neurodegenerative-like alterations, as indicated by increased levels of sterile alpha and Toll/interleukin receptor motif-containing protein 1, amyloid precursor protein and -synuclein and lower levels of nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 2 and {beta}-III-tubulin. Interestingly, blockade of the Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway by Ruxolitinib did not increase SARS-CoV-2 infection, but reduced neurodegeneration, suggesting that an exacerbated neuronal innate immune response contributes to pathogenesis in the PNS.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) combined with imiquimod for basal cell carcinoma( BCC).Methods 38 patients with BCC were randomly divided into two groups.ALA-PDT plus imiquimod were given in the treatment group (19 patients) , and the control group(19 patients) were treated with only ALA-PDT.All patients were followed for one year,and the efficacy and relapse rate were observed.Results The cure rate and the recurrence rate of the treatment group was 94.74% ( 18/19) and 5.26% (1/19) .however,those of the control group was 68.42% (13/19) and 31.58% (6/19).There was a statistical difference in the cure rate and recurrence rate between the two groups(x2 =4.37,P <0.05).Conclusion The efficacy and relapse rate of ALA-PDT combined with imiquimod was much better than those of ALA-PDT only in treatment of BCC.
RESUMEN
The leaves surface of Puccinelia tenuiflora seedling under stress of different concentration of Na(2)CO(3) was observed with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray electron probe micro analyzer. All the results indicated that varied salts crystalline distributing in stomatal apparatus on P. tenuiflora leaves surface could be observed by means of frozen-dried sampling. In the case of no stress, these leaves had many kinds of sediments such as Na, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Cl, P, S, Si on their surface. When there was stress of Na(2)CO(3), the percentage content of each sediment would have an non-linear relationship to stress. As the concentration of Na(2)CO(3) increased, the percentage contents of Na, Cu, Zn, P, S generally decreased while that of K, Ca, Mg, Si generally increased. The ratio of K/Na also changed the same way as the later. From these results, we concluded, under stress of alkali and salts, P. tenuiflora leaves could exude salts through their stomata or together with wax secretion and these ways might participate many regulation process of P. tenuiflora leaves cells, for example in ion balancing, osmosis regulating and water metabolizing.