RESUMEN

To achieve stable operation of an ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) system in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), a real-time impedance matching system needs to be established to respond to antenna load variation during long pulse discharges. A new impedance matching method based on capacitors was proposed in this study. By considering the reflected voltage of the transmission line as the feedback parameter, the real-time impedance-matching system can quickly control the motors based on a programmable logic controller to determine the minimum reflection voltage. A real-time impedance matching system was successfully used on the test platform in the laboratory and on the ICRH system in EAST. A significant result is that we can match the variable impedance within 1 s by suitably adjusting the motor controller to ensure high-power and long-pulse operation of the ICRH system to satisfy the requirements of the EAST experiment.

RESUMEN

Biosafety of pathogenic microbiology laboratories generally highlights the use of protective equipment, procedures, and operating practices to protect personnel and the environment from potentially hazardous biological materials. Under the current complex situation where traditional and non-traditional biosafety issues coexist, laboratory-acquired infection (LAI) of pathogenic microorganisms may cause illness, disability and even death. Pathogenic microorganisms may also be carried to the surrounding environment, causing community infection, which should be taken seriously. Analysis of LAI cases helps to understand the causes of exposure and learn lessons from post-exposure prophylaxis to be prepared and even prevent problems before they happen. Human factors cause most LAIs, laboratory activities related to aerosolization, laboratory activities related to sharps materials, low ability of personnel performing the work, and deficiencies in laboratory facilities or management are the four main factors. This study focuses on the human factors that lead to LAI, combined with confirmed cases, discusses the biosafety risks of pathogenic microorganism laboratories, reviews the development and evolution of biosafety laboratories and the current protection measures for experimenters, and accordingly puts forward countermeasures and suggestions.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objective: To establish a nested recombinant enzyme-assisted polymerase chain reaction (RAP) technique combined with recombined mannose-binding lectin protein (M1 protein)-magnetic beads enrichment for the detection of Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Candida tropicalis (C. tropicalis) in blood samples for the early diagnosis of candidemia albicans and candidiemia tropicalis. Methods: The primer probes for highly conserved regions of the internal transcribed spacerregions of C. albicans and C. tropicalis were deigned to establish RAP assays for the detections of C. albicans and C. tropicalis; The sensitivity and reproducibility of nucleic acid tests with gradient dilutions of standard strains and specificity of nucleic acid tests with common clinical pathogens causing bloodstream infection were condcuted. M1 protein-magnetic bead enriched plasma C. albicans and C. tropicalis were used for RAP and PCR in with simulated samples and the results were compared. Results: The sensitivity of the established dual RAP assay was 2.4-2.8 copies/reaction, with higher reproducibility and specificity. M1 protein-magnetic bead enrichment of pathogen combined with the dual RAP assay could complete the detections of C. albicans and C. tropicalis in plasma within 4 hours. Fie the pathogen samples at concentration <10 CFU/ml, the number of the samples tested by RAP was higher than that tested by PCR after enrichment. Conclusion: In this study, a dual RAP assay for the detections of C. albicans and C. tropicalis in blood sample was developed, which has the advantages of accuracy, rapidity, and less contaminants and has great potential for rapid detection of Candidemia.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

We report a case of adult-onset dystonia presenting with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia. The patient had ptosis in both eyes, particularly the left eye, for no obvious reason since the age of 10, which was progressively aggravated. The clinical diagnosis was chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia. However, whole gene sequencing revealed the mitochondrial A3796G missense mutation, so the patient was clearly diagnosed as adult-onset dystonia and given treatment to reduce blood glucose and improve muscle metabolism. The A3796G mutation in the ND1 subunit of the mitochondrial complex leading to ophthalmoplegia is relatively rare, requiring a combination with genetic testing for confirmation of diagnosis.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objective: To evaluate the predictive value of a multiparametric cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) approach for ventricular remodeling in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with mildly reduced or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Methods: This study is a prospective cohort study. STEMI patients with acute LVEF>40% after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from October 2019 to September 2021 were enrolled. All patients received acute (3-7 days) and follow-up (3 months) CMR post-PCI. According to absence or presence of ventricular remodeling, patients were divided into ventricular remodeling group and non-ventricular remodeling group. Basic clinical characteristics and CMR indicators were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to explore the predictive performance of CMR high-risk attributes for ventricular remodeling in STEMI patients with mildly reduced or preserved LVEF. The predictive value of combining multiple high-risk characteristics of CMR for ventricular remodeling was analyzed and compared with the traditional clinical risk factor model. Results: A total of 123 STEMI patients were enrolled (aged (57.1±11.1) years, 102 (82.9%) males). There were 97 cases (78.9%) patients in the non-ventricular remodeling group and 26 cases (21.1%) in the ventricular remodeling group. After adjustment for clinical risk factors, stroke volume<51.6 ml, global circumferential strain>-13.7%, infarct size>39.2%, microvascular obstruction>0.5%, and myocardial salvage index<43.9 were independently associated with ventricular remodeling in STEMI patients with mildly reduced or preserved LVEF. The incidence of ventricular remodeling increased with the increasing number of CMR high-risk attributes (P<0.01). The number of CMR high-risk attributes ≥3 was an independent predictor of adverse remodeling (adjusted OR=5.95, 95 CI%: 2.25-15.72, P<0.01) in STEMI patients with mildly reduced or preserved LVEF. Furthermore, the number of CMR high-risk attributes had incremental predictive value over baseline clinical risk factors (area under curve: 0.843 vs. 0.696, P<0.01). Conclusions: In STEMI patients with mild reduced or preserved LVEF, 5 CMR characteristics are associated with ventricular remodeling. The combination of ≥3 CMR high-risk characteristics is an independent predictor of ventricular remodeling, which has incremental predictive value beyond traditional risk factors in this patient cohort.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH), one of the main auxiliary methods, for high-power and long-pulse plasma heating had been developed in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). An impedance matching system, one important part of ICRH, had been developed for high-power injection and transmitter protection by reducing the reflected power from the antenna. The input impedance in the outlet of the stub tuner can be measured by voltage-current probes installed on the coaxial transmission line between the antenna and triple liquid stub tuners, and the optimum liquid levels in the stub tuners can be calculated based on the input impedance. The calculation and adjustment process of the optimum liquid levels are described comprehensively in this article. Finally, impedance matching had been achieved between two shots during EAST experiments. In the near future, a real-time impedance matching system will be developed to prevent large variations of the ICRH antenna impedance and achieve steady-state and long-pulse operation with the ICRH system.

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To preliminarily investigate the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MIR4697 host gene (MIR4697HG) in regulating the adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). METHODS: For adipogenic differentiation, BMSCs were induced in adipogenic media for 10 days. The mRNA expression levels of lncRNA MIR4697HG and adipogenic marker genes including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhanced binding protein α (CEBP/α) and adiponectin (ADIPQ) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) at different time points (0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 days). The MIR4697HG stable knockdown-BMSC cell line was generated by infection of MIR4697HG shRNA-containing lentiviruses. To avoid off-target effect, two target sequences (shMIR4697HG-1, shMIR4697HG-2) were designed. And then cells were induced to differentiate in adipogenic medium. Oil red O staining, Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect the effect of MIR4697HG knockdown on adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs. RESULTS: The mRNA expression level of MIR4697HG was significantly increased during adipogenic differentiation (P < 0.01), and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs was evidenced by upregulated mRNA levels of specific adipogenesis-related genes including PPARγ, CEBP/α and ADIPQ. Observed by fluorescence microscopy, more than 90% transfected target cells expressed green fluorescent protein successfully after shMIR4697HG-1 group, shMIR4697HG-2 group and shNC group transfection for 72 h. And the transfection efficiency of MIR4697HG examined by qRT-PCR was above 60%. Then the BMSCs were treated with adipogenic media for 7 days and showed that the mRNA expression levels of adipogenesis-related genes including PPARγ, CEBP/α and ADIPQ were significantly decreased in the MIR4697HG knockdown group (P < 0.01), while the expression levels of PPARγ and CEBP/α proteins were decreased remarkably as well (P < 0.01). Consistently, MIR4697HG knockdown BMSCs formed less lipid droplets compared with the control BMSCs, which further demonstrated that MIR4697HG knockdown inhibited adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs. CONCLUSION: lncRNA MIR4697HG played a crucial role in regulating the adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and MIR4697HG knockdown significantly inhibited the adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs. These data may suggest that lncRNA MIR4697HG could serve as a therapeutic potential target for the aberrant adipogenic differentiation-associated disorders including osteoporosis.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy within the first 24 h post extracorporeal membrane pulmonary oxygenation (ECMO) and the impact of early efficacy on the prognosis of adult patients with fulminant myocarditis (FM). Methods: This retrospective case analysis study included hospitalized patients (age≥18 years) who were diagnosed with fulminant myocarditis from November 2016 to May 2021 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Patients were divided into survival or non-survival groups according to treatment outcomes. The age, sex, treatments, drug use, ECMO use, clinical and laboratory data (before and 24 h after the use of ECMO) were analyzed. The change rate of clinical and laboratory data after 24 h use of ECMO was calculated to find differences between two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors with in-hospital death and complication between the two groups. Results: A total of 38 FM patients treated with ECMO were included. There were 23 cases (60.5%) in the survival group, aged (39.6±13.7) years, and 17 (73.9%) cases were female. The total ECMO time was (134.4±71.3)h. There were 15 cases (39.5%) in non-survival group, aged (40.0±15.8) years, and there were 12(80.0%) female, the ECMO time was (120.1±72.4) h in this group. The proportion of tracheal intubation and continuous renal replacement therapy in the survivor group and dosage of norepinephrine within 24 h after ECMO implantation were significantly less than in non-survival group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in all efficacy related biochemical indexes between two groups before ECMO use. The levels of lactic acid, procalcitonin, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase-MB, cardiac troponin I and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide prosoma were significantly less in survival group than in non-survival group at 24 h after the use of ECMO (all P<0.05). Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the higher 24 h change rate of creatinine (OR=0.587, 95%CI 0.349-0.986, P=0.044) and creatine kinase-MB (OR=0.177, 95%CI 0.037-0.841, P=0.029) were positively correlated with reduced risk of in-hospital mortality. The central hemorrhage and acute kidney injury in survival group were less than in non-survivor group (P<0.05). Conclusions: After 24 h early use of ECMO in FM patients, the improvement of various efficacy related biochemical test indexes in the survival group was better than that in the non-survival group. Faster reduction of creatine kinase-MB and creatinine values within 24 h ECMO use is positively correlated with reduced risk of in-hospital mortality in adult patients with FM.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

We report observations of gamma-ray emissions with energies in the 100-TeV energy region from the Cygnus region in our Galaxy. Two sources are significantly detected in the directions of the Cygnus OB1 and OB2 associations. Based on their positional coincidences, we associate one with a pulsar PSR J2032+4127 and the other mainly with a pulsar wind nebula PWN G75.2+0.1, with the pulsar moving away from its original birthplace situated around the centroid of the observed gamma-ray emission. This work would stimulate further studies of particle acceleration mechanisms at these gamma-ray sources.

RESUMEN

Objective: To investigate the related factors of left ventricular thrombus (LVT) formation within two weeks in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and left ventricular aneurysm (LVA). Methods: Consecutive inpatients with acute STEMI and left ventricular aneurysm, hospitalized from January 2014 to June 2020 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, were enrolled in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into LVT group and non-LVT group according to the presence or absence of LVT. The clinical data, echocardiography findings, coronary angiography and treatments were compared between the two groups. Subgroup analysis was performed on the patients receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Onset to door, door to balloon, onset to balloon time were also compared. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of LVT formation early post STEMI in enrolled patients. The effects of each index in multivariate logistic regression analysis were illustrated in the forest plot. Results: A total of 144 patients were included, there were 52 cases (36.1%) in LVT group, the age was (56.4±11.2) years, and 46 (88.5%) cases were male. There were 92 cases (63.9%) in non-LVT group, the age was (61.7±11.5) years, and there were 73 (79.3%) males in this group. The patients in LVT group were younger than those in non-LVT group, the proportion of anemia, history of heavy drinking, history of chronic kidney disease, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40%, preoperative thrombosis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) blood flow grade 0 and postoperative TIMI blood flow grade ≤2 were significantly higher in LVT group than those in non-LVT group (all P<0.05). The incidence of history of angina, collateral circulation of the coronary arteries, primary PCI or venous thrombolysis were significantly lower in LVT group than those in non-LVT group (all P<0.05). The percentage of anti-platelet therapy and anticoagulant therapy was similar between the two groups (all P˃0.05). Subgroup analysis in patients undergoing primary PCI showed that onset to door, door to balloon, onset to balloon time were similar between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and forest plot showed that history of heavy drinking (OR=6.982, 95%CI 1.501-32.469, P=0.013), anemia (OR=3.373, 95%CI 1.075-10.585, P=0.037), LVEF≤40% (OR=3.016, 95%CI 1.027-8.859, P=0.045), preoperative TIMI blood flow grade 0 (OR=3.311, 95%CI 1.214-9.029, P=0.019) were positively correlated with LVT in patients with acute STEMI and LVA. History of angina (OR=0.159, 95%CI 0.058-0.441, P<0.001), collateral circulation of the coronary arteries (OR=0.189, 95%CI 0.053-0.673, P=0.010), primary PCI or venous thrombolysis (OR=0.252, 95%CI 0.093-0.682, P=0.007) were negatively correlated with LVT in patients with acute STEMI and LVA. Conclusions: History of heavy drinking, anemia, LVEF ≤40%, preoperative TIMI blood flow grade 0 are associated with increased risk of the LVT in patients with acute STEMI and LVA at early stage of the disease. However, history of angina, collateral circulation of the coronary arteries, primary PCI or venous thrombolysis are associated with lower risk of the LVT in these patients.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

We report, for the first time, the long-awaited detection of diffuse gamma rays with energies between 100 TeV and 1 PeV in the Galactic disk. Particularly, all gamma rays above 398 TeV are observed apart from known TeV gamma-ray sources and compatible with expectations from the hadronic emission scenario in which gamma rays originate from the decay of π^{0}'s produced through the interaction of protons with the interstellar medium in the Galaxy. This is strong evidence that cosmic rays are accelerated beyond PeV energies in our Galaxy and spread over the Galactic disk.

RESUMEN

In this work we report experimental evidence for the weak high-temperature ferromagnetism in Bi1-x R x FeO3 (R = Dy, Y) compounds by systematic characterizations, excluding the possible side-effects from other iron-based impurities. Remarkable saturated magnetic moment was observed in the Y-substituted samples, Bi1-x Y x FeO3, which is larger than the moment obtained in Bi1-x Dy x FeO3, the Dy-substituted samples with antiferromagnetic background. The physical origin of the weak ferromagnetic transition is discussed and serious lattice distortions have been identified based on the x-ray diffraction and Raman scattering data, although the rhombohedral structure symmetry remains unchanged upon the substitutions. It is believed that the structural distortion suppressed cycloid spin structure is the main factor for the enhanced magnetization in Bi1-x R x FeO3 compounds. Additionally, the Dy3+-Fe3+ antiferromagnetic coupling, which strengthens the antiferromagnetic interaction in Bi1-x Dy x FeO3 compounds, acts as the driving force for the magnetic discrepancy between Bi1-x Y x FeO3 and Bi1-x Dy x FeO3 samples.

RESUMEN

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI-MRI) combined with high resolution temporal bone CT (HRCT) in the location diagnosis of middle ear cholesteatoma and its value in the postoperative follow-up. Methods: 134 patients with inital cholesteatoma and 22 patients with suspected recurrent cholesteatoma were selected for HRCT, conventional MRI and DWI examination. Based on the intraoperative and pathological diagnosis, DWI and HRCT images were combined to evaluate the consistency between the lesion location and invasion area of the initial cholesteatoma and intraoperative lesions. The results of HRCT and DWI in the diagnosis of recurrent middle ear cholesteatoma were statistically analyzed to evaluate their diagnostic efficacy. Results: The accuracy rate of DWI combined with HRCT was 90.3%.The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of HRCT and DWI in the diagnosis of recurrent middle ear cholesteatoma were 27.8%, 75.0%, 83.3%, 18.8% and 100%, 75.0%, 94.7% and 100%, respectively, and the Kappa values consistent with the pathological results were 0.024 and 0.843, respectively. Chi-square test confirmed that there were differences in the diagnosis between groups (P<0.001). Conclusions: Combined with the high sensitivity of DWI and the high resolution of HRCT, the accuracy of preoperative positioning of the newly diagnosed cholesteatoma can be improved and surgery strategy can be guided. DWI is also of high diagnostic value for recurrent cholesteatoma in the middle ear.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objective: To investigated cognitive and cerebral blood flow changes in a cohort of patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. Methods: Fifteen patients with confirmed anti-NMDAR encephalitis from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China between June 2015 and February 2019 were included in the study. Meanwhile, another 15 healthy subjects were selected as controls. All participants underwent neuropsychological tests for assessment of the clinical symptoms and arterial spin labeling (ASL) of magnetic resonance perfusion imaging scan were employed to evaluate cerebral perfusion. Then the relationship between changed cerebral blood perfusion and cognitive function was evaluated. Results: Patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis showed significantly reduced overall cognitive function (Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA)) than healthy controls (26.5±2.5 vs 28.6±1.9, P=0.015), they also exhibited poorer performance in immediate memory, recognition, attention, language and executive function than healthy controls (P<0.05). However, no significant differences in clinical symptoms, viability, mental state and mood were observed between the two groups (P>0.05). Patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis showed significantly reduced total brain cerebral blood flow (CBF) compared with the healthy controls (0.949±0.028 vs 0.953±0.025, P=0.001). Compared with the healthy controls, the patients had decreased CBF in triangular and opercular parts of bilateral inferior frontal gyrus and left central frontal gyrus, however, they showed increased CBF in the left inferior temporal gyrus and left fusiform gyrus (all P<0.05). In NMDAR group, the CBF in left central anterior gyrus was negatively correlated with Stroop's Color Word-word (r=-0.68, P=0.005). The CBF in left spindle gyrus was positively correlated with Stroop's Color Word-word (r=0.62, P=0.015) and completion time of color trail test-A (r=0.81, P<0.001), respectively, however, it was negatively correlated with Chinese Auditory Verbal Learning Test-immediate (r=-0.59, P=0.020) and Verbal Fluency Test-animals (r=-0.58, P=0.024), respectively. Conclusions: Patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis have prevalent cognitive deficits such as memory, language, attention and executive dysfunction as well as changes in blood perfusion, which may be related to cognitive deficits. Changes in cerebral blood perfusion can be used as indicators for early diagnosis, disease monitoring and prognosis evaluation of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Improving the cerebral blood flow of patients may promote the recovery of cognition.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objective: To investigate the CT features of lung injury induced by paraquat poisoning and its relationship with prognosis, and to provide reference for the judgment of the condition and prognosis of paraquat poisoning. Methods: 146 cases of paraquat poisoning patients were treated in the Third People's Hospital of Xuzhou City from January 2013 to April 2016. The cases were divided into mild group, moderate-severe group and fulminant group according to the concentration of paraquat in urine. The clinical data and CT imaging findings were analyzed and reconstructed in three-dimensional reconstruction. The extent of the lesion was observed and the relationship between CT and prognosis was explored. Results: Paraquat lung injury has many manifestations on CT images, and it's performance can be intersecting at the same time. Early lesions lighter cases, late CT imaging lesions can be completely absorbed or residual fibrosis, the prognosis was good; the early lesion was pulmonary consolidation, pleural effusion cases, the late CT image was usually pleural thickening and bronchiectasis, the prognosis was relatively good; early lesions were large patches of ground glass opacity cases, finally, pulmonary fibrosis was common, the mortality rate of 56.57%. There were significant differences in the extent of lung injury between different groups (P<0.001) , and the difference in mortality was statistically significant when the lung injury was different (P<0.001) . Multivariate stepwise Logistic regression analysis showed that ground-glass opacity (OR value=2.013) , interstitial lung fibrosis (OR=3.779) and mediastinal emphysema (OR=33.118) were risk factors for death of lung injury caused by paraquat poisoning (P<0.05) . Conclusion: There were many manifestations on CT images of paraquat lung injury, and the manifestations of paraquat lung injury can be intersecting at the same time. The pulmonary manifestations and outcomes of different paraquat types were different. The CT manifestations of lung injury in paraquat poisoning were mainly exudative changes at early stage, and can be gradually absorbed or evolved into interstitial changes at later stage. The cumulative damage range can be used as a reference for evaluating the prognosis. Ground-glass opacity, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and mediastinal emphysema are the risk factors for death of lung injury caused by paraquat poisoning.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objective: To evaluate the epidemiology of bacterial bloodstream infections in patients submitted to hematologic wards in southern China. Methods: A total of 50 teaching hospitals were involved based on the China Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System. The data of clinical isolates from blood samples were collected from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted by the Kirby-Bauer automated systems, and the results were interpreted using the CLSI criteria. Results: The data of 1,618 strains isolated from hematologic wards in 2019 were analyzed, of which gram-negative bacilli and gram-positive cocci accounted for 71.8% and 28.2%, respectively. Of those, the five major species were most often isolated, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, coagulase-negative staphylococcus, and Streptococcus viridans. The prevalence rates of methicillin-resistant strains in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococcus were 19.7% and 80.6%, respectively. No gram-positive cocci were resistant to vancomycin, linezolid, and teicoplanin, and none of the enterococci were resistant to linezolid. The resistance rate of S. viridans to penicillin G was 6.9%, and those to ceftriaxone and cefotaxime were more than 25%. The resistance rate of E. coli and K. pneumoniae in Enterobacteriaceae was higher in children than that in adults. The resistance rate of K. pneumoniae to meropenem was 14.1%. The resistant rate of Enterobacter cloacae to carbapenem was more than 25%. P. aeruginosa was more sensitive to more antibiotics than 80%, but the resistance rate to meropenem in children was higher than that in adults (11.8% vs. 6.5%). The proportion of gram-positive cocci in the ICU and respiratory departments was higher than that in the hematology department. The detection rates of carbapenem-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae in the respiratory department were the lowest with 0.3% and 3.7%, respectively, while those of CRPA and CRAB in the hematology department were the lowest with 8.3% and 25.8%, respectively. The detection rate of all carbapenem-resistant organisms in the ICU was the highest among the three departments. Conclusion: The etiology and drug resistance of bacteria from blood samples in the hematology department are different from those in the ICU and respiratory departments. The proportions of K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, E. cloacae, and S. viridans dominating in the department of Hematology were significantly higher than those in the ICU and respiratory departments in Guangdong region.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Corneal allograft rejection is an immunological hypersensitive reaction caused by the antigenicity of the donor cornea. This study aimed to explore the effects of RMT1-10 on the prevention of corneal graft rejection by modifying immunological characteristics of dendritic cells (DCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: DCs and CD4+T cells were sorted using flow cytometry and used for in vitro mixed lymphocyte culture. The cultured cells were prepared for the characterization of the DC cell phenotypes using the markers CD11c, CD80, MHC II, CD54, and TIM-4. Cytokine concentrations of IL-4, IL-12, and IL-10 of supernatants were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CD4+T cells were examined by flow cytometry for apoptosis and proliferation. We also investigated the effect of RMT1-10 in the prevention and treatment of high-risk corneal graft rejection using a mouse model of corneal transplantation. RESULTS: DCs were identified as the CD11c+MHC-II-expressing subset. RMT1-10 suppressed the expression of CD11c, CD80, MHC II, CD54, and TIM-4 of DCs using the blockade of TIM-1 signaling. Moreover, TIM-1 blockade inhibited the production of IL-12 and IL-10 in a mixed lymphocyte culture system. However, a TIM-1 blockade had no effect on the apoptosis of CD4+T cells. RMT1-10 suppressed DC maturation, inhibiting the proliferation of CD4+T cells. CONCLUSIONS: RMT1-10 significantly improved the survival rate of the corneal allografts in mice compared with saline-injected controls. This clinical improvement from RMT1-10 occurred through the inhibition of CD4+T cell proliferation. Moreover, RMT1-10 induced antigen-specific detection of receptor immune tolerance. The cross-linking of TIM-1 on CD4+T cells with the agonist mAb provided a costimulatory inhibition signal for T cell activation or proliferation.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)