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Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la violencia de pareja, experimentada en los últimos 12 meses, sobre el riesgo de depresión y la sintomatología depresiva en mujeres adultas. Método: Se analizaron los datos de 470 mujeres de la Cohorte de Trabajadores de la Salud de México. El tipo y la gravedad de la violencia de pareja se midieron en los años 2004 y 2011. El evento principal fue el diagnóstico médico de depresión (2011). Un evento secundario fue la sintomatología depresiva (2004 y 2011), evaluada mediante la Escala de Depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos (CES-D). El riesgo de depresión y la sintomatología depresiva en relación con la violencia se evaluaron con modelos de regresión de efectos aleatorios logísticos y lineales, respectivamente. Resultados: El 41,9% experimentó violencia de pareja en la medición basal. La incidencia de depresión fue del 7,2%. El riesgo de depresión aumentó con la violencia de pareja de cualquier tipo (odds ratio ajustada [ORa]=2,9; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%]: 1,4-6,2) y con las violencias física (ORa=4,3; IC95%: 1,8-10,1), psicológica (ORa=3,1; IC95%: 1,4-6,6) y sexual (ORa=3,1; IC95%: 1,2--8,2). Los síntomas depresivos (CES-D) aumentaron ligeramente con las violencias física y sexual. Conclusiones: La violencia de pareja se asoció a un mayor riesgo de depresión en mujeres trabajadoras de una institución de salud de México. Los resultados indican la necesidad de contar con infraestructura, implementar estrategias de atención y consejería, y brindar un ambiente seguro en los lugares de trabajo para quienes sufren violencia de pareja. (AU)

Objective: To assess the effect of intimate partner violence on the risk of depression and depressive symptoms among adult women. Method: We analyzed data from the Mexican Health Workers' Cohort study (n=470). Type and severity of intimate partner violence was ascertained between 2004 and 2011. Self-reported medical diagnosis of depression (2011) was the main outcome; depressive symptoms ascertained with the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale was the secondary outcome. Random-effects regressions were run to model the risk of depression (logistic) and depressive symptoms (linear) in relation to intimate partner violence. Results: 41.9% women experienced intimate partner violence at baseline. The incidence of depression was 7.2%. The risk of depression increased with any type of IPV (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=2.9; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.4-6.2) and with physical (aOR=4.3; 95%CI: 1.8-10.1), psychological (aOR=3.1; 95%CI: 1.4-6.6) and sexual (aOR=3.1; 95%CI: 1.2-8.2) violence. Depressive symptoms (CES-D) increased slightly with physical and sexual intimate partner violence. Conclusions: Intimate partner violence was associated with a higher risk of depression in this sample of women working in a Mexican health facility. Our results indicate the need to develop infrastructure, to implement strategies of attention and counselling, and to provide a safe environment in the workplace for women who experience intimate partner violence. (AU)

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RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of intimate partner violence on the risk of depression and depressive symptoms among adult women. METHOD: We analyzed data from the Mexican Health Workers' Cohort study (n=470). Type and severity of intimate partner violence was ascertained between 2004 and 2011. Self-reported medical diagnosis of depression (2011) was the main outcome; depressive symptoms ascertained with the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale was the secondary outcome. Random-effects regressions were run to model the risk of depression (logistic) and depressive symptoms (linear) in relation to intimate partner violence. RESULTS: 41.9% women experienced intimate partner violence at baseline. The incidence of depression was 7.2%. The risk of depression increased with any type of IPV (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=2.9; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.4-6.2) and with physical (aOR=4.3; 95%CI: 1.8-10.1), psychological (aOR=3.1; 95%CI: 1.4-6.6) and sexual (aOR=3.1; 95%CI: 1.2-8.2) violence. Depressive symptoms (CES-D) increased slightly with physical and sexual intimate partner violence. CONCLUSIONS: Intimate partner violence was associated with a higher risk of depression in this sample of women working in a Mexican health facility. Our results indicate the need to develop infrastructure, to implement strategies of attention and counselling, and to provide a safe environment in the workplace for women who experience intimate partner violence.

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