Asunto(s)
Corteza Cerebral/anomalías , Adolescente , Corteza Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagen , Parálisis Cerebral/congénito , Parálisis Cerebral/diagnóstico , Niño , Trastornos del Conocimiento/diagnóstico , Electroencefalografía , Epilepsia/congénito , Epilepsia/diagnóstico , Femenino , Humanos , Trastornos del Lenguaje/diagnóstico , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Síndrome , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
Environmental control and preventive measures are reviewed after detailed consideration of antigens which act as allergens and the biological and molecular characteristics of the most frequent allergenic particles as well as the importance of air pollutants, infectious agents and non specific irritants in the allergy sensitization. Dust mites, pollens and mould spores are the most ubiquitous allergens, but in the early childhood trophoallergens are more important than aeroallergens. The purpose of environmental control is avoid or minimize contact of atopic child with allergens and other factors which might predispose to sensitization or induce allergic symptoms. Breast feeding, delayed and controlled introduction of solid foods and avoidance of potentially most allergenic foods by nursing mothers are considered as useful measures, particularly in the allergy-risk children (those with a positive family history).
Asunto(s)
Alérgenos/inmunología , Contaminación Ambiental/efectos adversos , Hipersensibilidad/prevención & control , Animales , Mordeduras y Picaduras/inmunología , Niño , Preescolar , Polvo/efectos adversos , Ambiente Controlado , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/prevención & control , Hongos/inmunología , Humanos , Hipersensibilidad/etiología , Hipersensibilidad/inmunología , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Ácaros/inmunología , Polen/inmunologíaRESUMEN
A twelve year-old boy who developed, after a period of strenuous physical work, an illness characterized by thickened skin over his right thigh and hemiabdomen, flexion contractures in right wrist and elbow and in right metacarpophalangeal joints without Raynaud's phenomenon or other visceral symptoms is presented. Pertinent laboratory studies showed hypereosinophilia and hypergammaglobulinemia. Deep-fascia biopsy showed typical findings of fasciitis with eosinophilia. Prednisone therapy resulted in sustained improvement. Periarticular osteopenia of the right hand and mast cell infiltration in fascial biopsy are remarkable features. Authors stress striking differences between fasciitis with eosinophilia or Shulman's syndrome and scleroderma. Clinical picture, laboratory changes, typical histology and a usually rapid response to corticosteroids, as well as some autoimmune diseases possibly associated, suggest a different disease and an immunological pathogenesis. From literature review authors conclude that cases of Shulman's syndrome reported in children are very limited and that this disease should by ruled out in every child with thickened skin changes and articular flexion contractures.
Asunto(s)
Eosinofilia/patología , Fascitis/patología , Niño , Fascitis/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Masculino , RadiografíaRESUMEN
The clinical picture, biological findings and outcome of acute myositis during recovery from influenza are so characteristic that can clearly cut-off it from other diseases affecting the muscles. Five cases of acute bilateral lower-limb myositis are described. A flu-like illness had begun to wane before the onset of severe leg pain, preventing the children from walking. All had abnormal serum CPK and SGOT levels. Virological studies were performed with negative findings. The pathogenic mechanism is unknown. We though that more aggressive studies are not justified in view of the transient nature of the patient's illness and their complete recovery. We stress the need of recognizing such disease in every child complaining of lower leg pain associated with very painful walking into a epidemiological setting of a "influenza-like" illness. We also have reviewed the published bibliography is considered.
Asunto(s)
Gripe Humana/complicaciones , Miositis/etiología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The morphological signs and functional characteristics which allow the suspicion, by clinical observation, of atopy in a child are described; they are called atopic stigmata; none of them is pathognomonic and is in conjunction of possible allergic disease when they are more valuable. We stress on the significance of the family history and personal antecedents of atopic allergy. If there is atopic disease in one or both parents or some brother or sister, then the allergy-risk in the child is very important. Indications of assess serum IgE levels, as well as their limitations, are discussed. The value of cord blood IgE is useful as a predictive parameter. Diagnostic research must be restricted to what is indicated by a complete and detailed anamnesis and physical exploration.